Using Distributed Ledger Technologies to Support Complex Supply Chains

The concept of blockchain, as part of distributed ledger technologies, has gained a lot of interest recently, especially in cryptocurrencies. With the addition of other technical capabilities, e.g., smart contracts and oracles, this interest has spread to other areas as well and affects a wide variety of business processes such as supply chain processes. However, in research, the wide variety of processes finds inadequate consideration to date. In this research paper, we provide an overview of the state of the art of distributed ledger technologies in supply chains and point out future research topics. Therefore, we conducted a structured literature review, systematized potential application areas in supply chain processes, and showed that research gaps exist. To address the research gaps, we derived open research questions, whereby conducting design studies to deal with the practical problems in the application areas plays a central role

The Implementation of Business Process Blockchain Technology Based of MSCWR SmartBox Model

Blockchain technology uses in many fields, and one of them is logistics. This study aims to propose designing and implementing a blockchain technology-based application for logistics delivery combined with the Internet of Things (IoT) called MSCWR. Logistics and delivery of valuable products have a common problem, and security is also questionable. Therefore, the research process in making prototypes starts by defining the problem, planning, prototyping, testing, and designing validation. The methodology used is User-Centered Design, focus group discussion conducted with business actors directly, and system or prototype development using the System Development Life Cycle framework. As a result, the business processes create using an activity diagram, the features define using a use case diagram, and the screen design to show the prototype development created at an early stage in the research. Finally, the testing conducts to test how well the system is running. In the end, the validation of test results performs in good results &nbsp

Trustworthy IoT: An evidence collection approach based on smart contracts

Today, Internet of Things (IoT) implements an ecosystem where a panoply of interconnected devices collect data from physical environments and supply them to processing services, on top of which cloud-based applications are built and provided to mobile end users. The undebatable advantages of smart IoT systems clash with the need of a secure and trustworthy environment. In this paper, we propose a service-based methodology based on blockchain and smart contracts for trustworthy evidence collection at the basis of a trustworthy IoT assurance evaluation. The methodology balances the provided level of trustworthiness and its performance, and is experimentally evaluated using Hyperledger fabric blockchain

Blockchain based digital forensics investigation framework in the internet of things and social systems

The decentralised nature of blockchain technologies can well match the needs of integrity and provenances of evidences collecting in digital forensics across jurisdictional borders. In this work, a novel blockchain based digital forensics investigation framework in the Internet of Things (IoT) and social systems environment is proposed, which can provide proof of existence and privacy preservation for evidence items examination. To implement such features, we present a block enabled forensics framework for IoT, namely IoT forensic chain (IoTFC), which can offer forensic investigation with good authenticity, immutability, traceability, resilience, and distributed trust between evidential entitles as well as examiners. The IoTFC can deliver a gurantee of traceability and track provenance of evidence items. Details of evidence identification, preservation, analysis, and presentation will be recorded in chains of block. The IoTFC can increase trust of both evidence items and examiners by providing transparency of the audit train. The use case demonstrated the effectiveness of proposed method

Integrating Internet of Things, Provenance and Blockchain to Enhance Trust in Last Mile Food Deliveries

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council - The work presented here was supported by an award made by the UKRI, EPSRC funded Internet of Food Things Network+ grant EP/R045127/1. FUNDING: The work presented here was supported by an award made by the UKRI, EPSRC funded Internet of Food Things Network+ grant EP/R045127/1. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: We would like to thank G. McWilliam and Aberdeen University Services for their cooperation during the pilot deployments of the PROoFD-IT system. We would also like to thank Food Standards Scotland and the Semantic Web Company GmbH for their valuable comments on the project.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Orchestrating product provenance story:When IOTA ecosystem meets electronics supply chain space

"Trustworthy data" is the fuel for ensuring transparent traceability, precise decision-making, and cogent coordination in the supply chain (SC) space. However, the disparate data silos act as a trade barrier in orchestrating the provenance of product story starting from the transformation of raw materials into the circuit board to the assembling of electronic components into end products available on the store shelf for customers. Therefore, to bridge the fragmented siloed information across global supply chain partners, the diffusion of blockchain (BC) as one of the advanced distributed ledger technology (DLT) takeover the on-premise legacy systems. Nevertheless, the challenging constraints of blockchain including scalability, accessing off-line data, fee-less microtransactions and many more lead to the third wave of blockchain called IOTA. In this paper, we propose a framework for supporting provenance in the electronic supply chain (ECS) by using permissioned IOTA ledger. Realizing the crucial requirement of trustworthy data, we use Masked Authenticated Messaging (MAM) channel provided by IOTA that allows the SC players to procure distributed information while keeping confidential trade flows, tamper-proof data, and fine-grained accessibility rights. To identify operational disruption, we devise a transparent product ledger through transaction data and consignment information to keep track of the complete product journey at each intermediary step during SC processes. Furthermore, we evaluate the secure provenance data construction time for varying payload size.Comment: 47 pages, 18 figure