Disjunctive argumentation semantics (DAS) for reasoning over distributed uncertain knowledge.

by Benson, Ng Hin Kwong.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-117).Abstract also in Chinese.Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.9Chapter 1.1 --- Our approach --- p.11Chapter 1.2 --- Organization of the thesis --- p.12Chapter 2 --- Logic Programming --- p.13Chapter 2.1 --- Logic programming in Horn clauses --- p.14Chapter 2.1.1 --- Problem with incomplete information --- p.15Chapter 2.1.2 --- Problem with inconsistent information --- p.15Chapter 2.1.3 --- Problem with indefinite information --- p.16Chapter 2.2 --- Logic programming in non-Horn clauses --- p.16Chapter 2.2.1 --- Reasoning under incomplete information --- p.17Chapter 2.2.2 --- Reasoning under inconsistent information --- p.17Chapter 2.2.3 --- Reasoning under indefinite information --- p.20Chapter 2.3 --- "Coexistence of incomplete, inconsistent and indefinite information" --- p.21Chapter 2.4 --- Stable semantics --- p.22Chapter 2.5 --- Well-founded semantics --- p.23Chapter 2.6 --- Chapter summary --- p.25Chapter 3 --- Argumentation --- p.26Chapter 3.1 --- Toulmin's informal argumentation model --- p.27Chapter 3.2 --- Rescher's formal argumentation model --- p.28Chapter 3.3 --- Argumentation in AI research --- p.30Chapter 3.3.1 --- Poole's Logical Framework for Default Reasoning --- p.30Chapter 3.3.2 --- Inheritance Reasoning Framework of Touretzky et. al --- p.31Chapter 3.3.3 --- Pollock's Theory of Defeasible Reasoning --- p.32Chapter 3.3.4 --- Dung's Abstract Argumentation Framework --- p.33Chapter 3.3.5 --- Lin and Shoham's Argument System --- p.35Chapter 3.3.6 --- Vreeswijk's Abstract Argumentation --- p.35Chapter 3.3.7 --- Kowalski and Toni's Uniform Argumentation --- p.36Chapter 3.3.8 --- John Fox's Qualitative Argumentation --- p.37Chapter 3.3.9 --- Thomas Gordon's Pleading Games --- p.38Chapter 3.3.10 --- Chris Reed's Persuasive Dialogue --- p.39Chapter 3.3.11 --- Ronald Loui's Argument Game --- p.39Chapter 3.3.12 --- "Verheij's Reason-Based, Logics and CumulA" --- p.40Chapter 3.3.13 --- Prakken's Defeasible Argumentation --- p.40Chapter 3.3.14 --- Summary of existing frameworks --- p.41Chapter 3.4 --- Chapter summary --- p.42Chapter 4 --- Disjunctive Argumentation Semantics I --- p.46Chapter 4.1 --- Background --- p.47Chapter 4.2 --- Definition --- p.48Chapter 4.3 --- Conflicts within a KBS --- p.52Chapter 4.4 --- Conflicts between KBSs --- p.54Chapter 4.4.1 --- Credulous View --- p.56Chapter 4.4.2 --- Skeptical View --- p.57Chapter 4.4.3 --- Generalized Skeptical View --- p.58Chapter 4.5 --- Semantics --- p.60Chapter 4.6 --- Dialectical proof theory --- p.61Chapter 4.7 --- Relation to existing framework --- p.61Chapter 4.8 --- Issue on paraconsistency --- p.63Chapter 4.9 --- An illustrative example --- p.63Chapter 4.10 --- Chapter summary --- p.65Chapter 5 --- Disjunctive Argumentation Semantics II --- p.67Chapter 5.1 --- Background --- p.68Chapter 5.2 --- Definition --- p.70Chapter 5.2.1 --- Rules --- p.70Chapter 5.2.2 --- Splits --- p.71Chapter 5.3 --- Conflicts --- p.74Chapter 5.3.1 --- Undercut conflicts --- p.75Chapter 5.3.2 --- Rebuttal conflicts --- p.76Chapter 5.3.3 --- Thinning conflicts --- p.78Chapter 5.4 --- Semantics --- p.80Chapter 5.5 --- Relation to existing frameworks --- p.81Chapter 5.6 --- Issue on paraconsistency --- p.82Chapter 5.7 --- An illustrative example --- p.83Chapter 5.8 --- Chapter summary --- p.85Chapter 6 --- Evaluation --- p.86Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.86Chapter 6.2 --- Methodology --- p.87Chapter 6.3 --- DAS I --- p.88Chapter 6.3.1 --- Inoue's Benchmark problems --- p.88Chapter 6.3.2 --- Sherlock Holmes' problems --- p.96Chapter 6.4 --- DAS II --- p.100Chapter 6.4.1 --- Inoue's benchmark problems --- p.100Chapter 6.4.2 --- Sherlock Holmes' problem --- p.103Chapter 6.5 --- Analysis --- p.103Chapter 6.5.1 --- Possible extension --- p.104Chapter 6.6 --- Chapter summary --- p.106Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.108Chapter 7.0.1 --- Possible extension of the present work --- p.109Bibliography --- p.117Chapter A --- First Oreder Logic (FOL) --- p.118Chapter B --- DAS-I Proof --- p.121Chapter B.1 --- Monotone proof --- p.121Chapter B.2 --- Soundness proof --- p.122Chapter B.3 --- Completeness proof --- p.123Chapter C --- Sherlock Holmes' Silver Blaze Excerpts --- p.125Chapter C.1 --- Double life --- p.125Chapter C.2 --- Poison stable boy --- p.12

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Why they kill : criminal etiologies in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, R.L. Stevenson's Strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, and Oscar Wilde's The picture of Dorian Gray

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.[À l'origine dans / Was originally part of : Thèses et mémoires - FAS - Département d'études anglaises

Understanding Collaborative Writing of Technical Proposals with a Process/product Model

Group work creates concerns with respect to performance, collaboration, and conflict management. Writing technical proposals creates appropriate settings for gaining insight into work group efficiencies and project conflict. The research involved different work groups preparing responses to Federal Government solicitations. A proposed Process/Product model was applied to create a new framework and perception of the technical proposal development effort. There exists a rich dialectic between the forces of Process, (how the effort is accomplished), and, Product, (what the effort will produce.) The investigation attempted to learn if the P/P model provides explanations for project conflict during technical collaborative writing. The investigation examined the nature of the dependence and independence associated with Process choices and Product choices in industry. The research studied Semi-Autonomous Work Groups developing technical responses to three different Federal Government Solicitations. Technical proposal development efforts in a Federal Government environment span a relatively short development cycle. Work group activity involves the direct collaborative writing participation of work group members, conducting the engineering management functions of planning and producing proposal documents. The research findings suggest that the results of this special case investigation could provide a research basis for other work group collaborative writing and technical activities. The research method used was participative observation conducted in a semiovert manner (during the proposal development project) combined with an overt investigation (after the project) to generate orienting theory that will advance the state of knowledge regarding the management of project conflict during collaborative work group technical proposal development. The research included conducting a semistructured interview after each project completion to learn if participants perceived that they witnessed conflict and to describe its nature. The researcher interpreted the comments associated with conflict in terms of the Process/Product model to learn whether the model provides explanations of conflict or dissatisfaction in this collaborative technical writing setting. An analysis of researchers\u27 dual role as a participant in the work group and an observer is also included in this study. Significant findings include that the process/product model, like other engineering management paradigms, provided a pragmatic perspective for practicing managers concerned with collaborative technical writing conflict. The findings also suggest these are robust opportunities for additional research in collaborative technical writing from perspectives which extends beyond predominant process orientations

The artistic discovery of Assyria by Britain and France 1850 to 1950

This thesis provides an overview of the engagement with the material culture of Assyria, unearthed in the Middle East from 1845 onwards by British and French archaeologists. It sets the artistic discovery of Assyria within the visual culture of the period through reference not only to painting but also to illustrated newspapers, books, journals, performances and popular entertainments. The thesis presents a more vigorous, interlinked, and widespread engagement than previous studies have indicated, primarily by providing a comprehensive corpus of artistic responses. The artistic connections between Britain and France were close. Works influenced by Assyria were published, exhibited and reviewed in the contemporary press, on both sides of the English Channel. Some artists, such as Gustave Doré, successfully maintained careers in both London and Paris. It is therefore often meaningless to speak of a wholly ‘French’ or ‘British’ reception, since these responses were coloured by artistic crosscurrents that operated in both directions, a crucial theme to be explored in this dissertation. In Britain, print culture also transported to the regions, away from large metropolitan centres, knowledge of Assyria and Assyrian-inspired art through its appeal to the market for biblical images. Assyria benefited from the explosion in graphical communication. This thesis examines the artistic response to Assyria within a chronological framework. It begins with an overview of the initial period in the 1850s that traces the first British discoveries. Chapter Two explores the different artistic turn Assyria took in the 1860s. Chapter Three deals with the French reception in the second half of the nineteenth century. Chapter Four concludes the British reception up to 1900, and Chapter Five deals with the twentieth century. The thesis contends that far from being a niche subject engaged with a particular group of artists, Assyrian art was a major rediscovery that affected all fields of visual culture in the nineteenth century