4,976 research outputs found
Mean-Field Theory of Water-Water Correlations in Electrolyte Solutions
Long-range ion induced water-water correlations were recently observed in
femtosecond elastic second harmonic scattering experiments of electrolyte
solutions. To further the qualitative understanding of these correlations, we
derive an analytical expression that quantifies ion induced dipole-dipole
correlations in a non-interacting gas of dipoles. This model is a logical
extension of Debye-H\"uckel theory that can be used to qualitatively understand
how the combined electric field of the ions induces correlations in the
orientational distributions of the water molecules in an aqueous solution. The
model agrees with results from molecular dynamics simulations and provides an
important starting point for further theoretical work
Enhancing Scholarly Communication and Communities with the PressForward Plugin
Presented at the Digital Humanities conference in Lausanne, Switzerland in July 2014.This poster profiles the workflows and content of two digital humanities publications that have adapted technology developed by PressForward to suit their unique editorial and community needs: Digital Humanities Now, produced by RRCHNM and dh+lib, a publication hosted by the Association of College and Research Libraries' Digital Humanities Discussion Group. Visualizing and documenting intellectual and technical schemas for the plugins with diagrams and onsite demonstrations, this presentation exposes the philosophies and methodologies behind aggregating and curating scholarly work and learned expertise made available on the open web. Illustrating multiple workflows, layouts, and interfaces, this poster presents the scalable, replicable, and adaptable potential of the PressForward Plugin for niche scholarly communities eager to tailor their own hubs for communication and collaboration
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Unified Modeling Suite for Two-Phase Flow, Convective Boiling and Condensation in Macro-and Micro-Channels
This paper was presented at the 4th Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2014), which was held at University College, London, UK. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute, ASME Press, LCN London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL University College London, UCL Engineering, the International NanoScience Community, www.nanopaprika.eu.The present paper focuses on the unified modeling suite for annular flow that the authors have and continue
to develop. Annular flow is of fundamental importance to the thermal design and simulation of microevaporators
and micro-condensers for compact two-phase cooling systems of high heat flux components for
the thermal management of computer chips, power electronics, laser diodes and high energy physics particle
detectors. First, the unified suite of methods is presented, illustrating in particular the most recent updates.
Then, results for convective evaporation of refrigerants in non-circular multi-microchannel configurations
for microelectronics cooling are presented and discussed. The annular flow suite includes models to predict
the void fraction, the entrained liquid fraction, the wall shear stress and pressure gradient, and a turbulence
model for momentum and heat transport inside the annular liquid film. The turbulence model, in particular,
allows prediction of the local average liquid film thicknesses and the local heat transfer coefficients during
convective evaporation and condensation. The benefit of a unified modeling suite is that all the included
prediction methods are consistently formulated and are proven to work well together, and provide a platform
for continued advancement based on the other models in the suite
Non-equilibrium hysteresis and spin relaxation in the mixed-anisotropy dipolar coupled spin-glass LiHoErF
We present a study of the model spin-glass LiHoErF using
simultaneous AC susceptibility, magnetization and magnetocaloric effect
measurements along with small angle neutron scattering (SANS) at sub-Kelvin
temperatures. All measured bulk quantities reveal hysteretic behavior when the
field is applied along the crystallographic c axis. Furthermore avalanche-like
relaxation is observed in a static field after ramping from the
zero-field-cooled state up to Oe. SANS measurements are employed to
track the microscopic spin reconfiguration throughout both the hysteresis loop
and the related relaxation. Comparing the SANS data to inhomogeneous mean-field
calculations performed on a box of one million unit cells provides a real-space
picture of the spin configuration. We discover that the avalanche is being
driven by released Zeeman energy, which heats the sample and creates positive
feedback, continuing the avalanche. The combination of SANS and mean-field
simulations reveal that the conventional distribution of cluster sizes is
replaced by one with a depletion of intermediate cluster sizes for much of the
hysteresis loop.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Angular Dependent Magnetization Dynamics of Kagome Artificial Spin Ice Incorporating Topological Defects
We report angular-dependent spin-wave spectroscopy on kagome artificial spin
ice made of large arrays of interconnected Ni80Fe20 nanobars. Spectra taken in
saturated and disordered states exhibit a series of resonances with
characteristic in-plane angular dependencies. Micromagnetic simulations allow
us to interpret characteristic resonances of a two-step magnetization reversal
of the nanomagnets. The dynamic properties are consistent with topological
defects that are provoked via a magnetic field applied at specific angles.
Simulations that we performed on previously investigated kagome artificial spin
ice consisting of isolated nanobars show characteristic discrepancies in the
spin wave modes which we explain by the absence of vertices.Comment: 14 pages and 5 figure
A study of violation in () with the modes , and
An analysis of the decays of and is presented in which the meson is reconstructed in
the three-body final states , and . Using data from LHCb corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
3.0 fb of collisions, measurements of several observables are
performed. First observations are obtained of the suppressed ADS decay and the quasi-GLW decay . The results are interpreted in the
context of the unitarity triangle angle and related parameters
Estimating as an input to the determination of the CKM angle
The interference between Cabibbo-favoured and Cabibbo-suppressed
decay amplitudes provides sensitivity to the CKM angle . The relative
size of the interfering amplitudes is an important ingredient in the
determination of . Using branching fractions from various
decays, and the measured value for , the magnitude of the amplitude
ratio of and decays is estimated to
be .Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
A study of CP violation in B±âDK±B±âDK± and B±âDϱB±âDϱ decays with DâKS0K±Ïâ final states
A first study of CP violation in the decay modes B± â [K0S K ±Ïâ]Dh± and B± â [K0S K âϱ]Dh±, where h labels a K or Ï meson and D labels a D0 or D0 meson, is performed. The analysis uses the LHCb data set collected in pp collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fbâ1. The analysis is sensitive to the CP-violating CKM phase Îł through seven observables: one charge asymmetry in each of the four modes and three ratios of the charge-integrated yields. The results are consistent with measurements of Îł using other decay modes
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