Information resources management, 1984-1989: A bibliography with indexes

This bibliography contains 768 annotated references to reports and journal articles entered into the NASA scientific and technical information database 1984 to 1989

The Palgrave Handbook of Digital Russia Studies

This open access handbook presents a multidisciplinary and multifaceted perspective on how the ‘digital’ is simultaneously changing Russia and the research methods scholars use to study Russia. It provides a critical update on how Russian society, politics, economy, and culture are reconfigured in the context of ubiquitous connectivity and accounts for the political and societal responses to digitalization. In addition, it answers practical and methodological questions in handling Russian data and a wide array of digital methods. The volume makes a timely intervention in our understanding of the changing field of Russian Studies and is an essential guide for scholars, advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying Russia today

The Palgrave Handbook of Digital Russia Studies

This open access handbook presents a multidisciplinary and multifaceted perspective on how the ‘digital’ is simultaneously changing Russia and the research methods scholars use to study Russia. It provides a critical update on how Russian society, politics, economy, and culture are reconfigured in the context of ubiquitous connectivity and accounts for the political and societal responses to digitalization. In addition, it answers practical and methodological questions in handling Russian data and a wide array of digital methods. The volume makes a timely intervention in our understanding of the changing field of Russian Studies and is an essential guide for scholars, advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying Russia today

Génération modulaire de grammaires formelles

The work presented in this thesis aim at facilitating the development of resources for natural language processing. Resources of this type take different forms, because of the existence of several levels of linguistic description (syntax, morphology, semantics, . . . ) and of several formalisms proposed for the description of natural languages at each one of these levels. The formalisms featuring different types of structures, a unique description language is not enough: it is necessary to create a domain specific language (or DSL) for every formalism, and to implement a new tool which uses this language, which is a long a complex task. For this reason, we propose in this thesis a method to assemble in a modular way development frameworks specific to tasks of linguistic resource generation. The frameworks assembled thanks to our method are based on the fundamental concepts of the XMG (eXtensible MetaGrammar) approach, allowing the generation of tree based grammars. The method is based on the assembling of a description language from reusable bricks, and according to a unique specification file. The totality of the processing chain for the DSL is automatically assembled thanks to the same specification. In a first time, we validated this approach by recreating the XMG tool from elementary bricks. Some collaborations with linguists also brought us to assemble compilers allowing the description of morphology and semantics.Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse visent à faciliter le développement de ressources pour le traitement automatique des langues. Les ressources de ce type prennent des formes très diverses, en raison de l’existence de différents niveaux d’étude de la langue (syntaxe, morphologie, sémantique,. . . ) et de différents formalismes proposés pour la description des langues à chacun de ces niveaux. Les formalismes faisant intervenir différents types de structures, un unique langage de description n’est pas suffisant : il est nécessaire pour chaque formalisme de créer un langage dédié (ou DSL), et d’implémenter un nouvel outil utilisant ce langage, ce qui est une tâche longue et complexe. Pour cette raison, nous proposons dans cette thèse une méthode pour assembler modulairement, et adapter, des cadres de développement spécifiques à des tâches de génération de ressources langagières. Les cadres de développement créés sont construits autour des concepts fondamentaux de l’approche XMG (eXtensible MetaGrammar), à savoir disposer d’un langage de description permettant la définition modulaire d’abstractions sur des structures linguistiques, ainsi que leur combinaison non-déterministe (c’est à dire au moyen des opérateurs logiques de conjonction et disjonction). La méthode se base sur l’assemblage d’un langage de description à partir de briques réutilisables, et d’après un fichier unique de spécification. L’intégralité de la chaîne de traitement pour le DSL ainsi défini est assemblée automatiquement d’après cette même spécification. Nous avons dans un premier temps validé cette approche en recréant l’outil XMG à partir de briques élémentaires. Des collaborations avec des linguistes nous ont également amené à assembler des compilateurs permettant la description de la morphologie de l’Ikota (langue bantoue) et de la sémantique (au moyen de la théorie des frames)

Data and the city – accessibility and openness. a cybersalon paper on open data

This paper showcases examples of bottom–up open data and smart city applications and identifies lessons for future such efforts. Examples include Changify, a neighbourhood-based platform for residents, businesses, and companies; Open Sensors, which provides APIs to help businesses, startups, and individuals develop applications for the Internet of Things; and Cybersalon’s Hackney Treasures. a location-based mobile app that uses Wikipedia entries geolocated in Hackney borough to map notable local residents. Other experiments with sensors and open data by Cybersalon members include Ilze Black and Nanda Khaorapapong's The Breather, a "breathing" balloon that uses high-end, sophisticated sensors to make air quality visible; and James Moulding's AirPublic, which measures pollution levels. Based on Cybersalon's experience to date, getting data to the people is difficult, circuitous, and slow, requiring an intricate process of leadership, public relations, and perseverance. Although there are myriad tools and initiatives, there is no one solution for the actual transfer of that data

Second Annual Workshop on Space Operations Automation and Robotics (SOAR 1988)

Papers presented at the Second Annual Workshop on Space Operation Automation and Robotics (SOAR '88), hosted by Wright State University at Dayton, Ohio, on July 20, 21, 22, and 23, 1988, are documented herein. During the 4 days, approximately 100 technical papers were presented by experts from NASA, the USAF, universities, and technical companies. Panel discussions on Human Factors, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Space Systems were held but are not documented herein. Technical topics addressed included knowledge-based systems, human factors, and robotics