Emotional design and human-robot interaction

Recent years have shown an increase in the importance of emotions applied to the Design field - Emotional Design. In this sense, the emotional design aims to elicit (e.g., pleasure) or prevent (e.g., displeasure) determined emotions, during human product interaction. That is, the emotional design regulates the emotional interaction between the individual and the product (e.g., robot). Robot design has been a growing area whereby robots are interacting directly with humans in which emotions are essential in the interaction. Therefore, this paper aims, through a non-systematic literature review, to explore the application of emotional design, particularly on Human-Robot Interaction. Robot design features (e.g., appearance, expressing emotions and spatial distance) that affect emotional design are introduced. The chapter ends with a discussion and a conclusion.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Birds of a Feather Flock Together: But do Humans and Robots? A Meta-Analysis of Human and Robot Personality Matching

Collaborative work between humans and robots holds great potential but, such potential is diminished should humans fail to accept robots as collaborators. One solution is to design robots to have a similar personality to their human collaborators. Typically, this is done by matching the human’s and robot’s personality using one or more of the Big Five Personality (BFI) traits. The results of this matching, however, have been mixed. This makes it difficult to know whether personality similarity promotes robot acceptance. To address this shortcoming, we conducted a systematic quantitative meta-analysis of 13 studies. Overall, the results support the assertion that matching personalities between humans and robots promotes robot acceptance.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/168397/1/Esterwood et al. 2021.pdfDescription of Esterwood et al. 2021.pdf : PreprintSEL

Self-guided vehicles impacts in supply chain

As the world moves towards a place immerse of technology, self-driving capabilities are becoming a reality for many industries, so does for supply chains. The opportunities are wide and self-guided vehicles are showing up in many forms, shapes, and sizes. This paper explores several applications of this technology and their potential impacts in our society, particularly focused on economic, social and environmental levels, and ultimately in supply chain management. The future of this technology strongly relies on the ability to flawlessly overcome several roadblocks, as uncovered in the experts’ interviews

Social Robots Acceptance and Marketability in Italy and Germany: A Cross-National Study Focusing on Assisted Living for Older Adults

In the last years, social robots have become a trending topic. Indeed, robots which communicate with us and mimic human behavior patterns are fascinating. However, while there is a massive body of research on their design and acceptance in different fields of application, their market potential has been rarely investigated. As their future integration in society may have a vast disruptive potential, this work aims at shedding light on the market potential, focusing on the assistive health domain. A study with 197 persons from Italy (age: M = 67.87; SD = 8.87) and Germany (age: M = 62.15; SD = 6.14) investigates cultural acceptance, desired functionalities, and purchase preferences. The participants filled in a questionnaire after watching a video illustrating some examples of social robots. Surprisingly, the individual perception of health status, social status as well as nationality did hardly influence the attitude towards social robots, although the German group was somewhat more reluctant to the idea of using them. Instead, there were significant correlations with most dimensions of the Almere model (like perceived enjoyment, sociability, usefulness and trustworthiness). Also, technology acceptance resulted strongly correlated with the individual readiness to invest money. However, as most persons consider social robots as “Assistive Technological Devices” (ATDs), they expected that their provision should mirror the usual practices followed in the two Countries for such devices. Thus, to facilitate social robots’ future visibility and adoption by both individuals and health care organisations, policy makers would need to start integrating them into official ATDs databases

Responsible AI in Africa

This open access book contributes to the discourse of Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) from an African perspective. It is a unique collection that brings together prominent AI scholars to discuss AI ethics from theoretical and practical African perspectives and makes a case for African values, interests, expectations and principles to underpin the design, development and deployment (DDD) of AI in Africa. The book is a first in that it pays attention to the socio-cultural contexts of Responsible AI that is sensitive to African cultures and societies. It makes an important contribution to the global AI ethics discourse that often neglects AI narratives from Africa despite growing evidence of DDD in many domains. Nine original contributions provide useful insights to advance the understanding and implementation of Responsible AI in Africa, including discussions on epistemic injustice of global AI ethics, opportunities and challenges, an examination of AI co-bots and chatbots in an African work space, gender and AI, a consideration of African philosophies such as Ubuntu in the application of AI, African AI policy, and a look towards a future of Responsible AI in Africa. This is an open access book

A study of individual differences in attitudes toward artificial intelligence in Sweden and Japan

AI人工物 (artificial intelligence artifacts) に対する日本人の意識は，西洋諸国と比べて独特であると指摘されることが多い，しかし，国際比較を実証するには，調査上の制約が少なくない。そこで本研究では，単純な国際比較ではなく，個人の心理的態度の相違がAI人工物に対する態度の相関関係を実証することにした．本稿では，先行研究からロボット否定的態度の測定尺度を援用して「AI人工物に対する否定的態度」の測定尺度を導きだした．また，個人的態度として，(1)無生物の物体や現象に対するアニミズム的信念，(2)AI導入による失業に対する不安，(3)特撮やアニメなどの映像作品の影響，(4)AI人工物に対する親しみ，(5)プライバシーと心理的距離を想定し，それらが「AI人工物に対する否定的態度」とどのような関係にあるのかを検討した．その結果，日瑞2国の相関関係を比較すると，日本の独自性というよりも，両国の類似性が明らかにされた．It is often pointed out that Japan\u27s awareness of artificial intelligence (AI) artifacts is more unique than that of Western countries. However, there are many limitations in the research on international comparisons. Therefore, this study examines the correlation between the differences in individual psychological attitudes and the attitudes toward AI artifacts as oppsed to a simple comparison of researches conducted worldwide. For this purpose, the negative attitudes toward AI artifacts scale (NAAIS) was derived using the negative attitudes toward robots scale from previous studies. As for personal attitudes, we assumed (H1) animistic beliefs in inanimate objects and phenomena; (H2) worries about unemployment due to AI deployment; (H3) perceived positive or negative portrayal of AI in popular culture; (H4) familiarity with AI; and (H5) relational closeness and privacy with AI. We examined how these variables relate to the NAAIS. Overall, the comparison between the two countries revealed more similarities between the two countries as opposed to highlighting Japan\u27s uniqueness.特集　中河 伸俊名誉教授　定年退職記念本研究は、文部省科学研究費17K03909，20K01899の助成を得た

Responsible AI in Africa

This open access book contributes to the discourse of Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) from an African perspective. It is a unique collection that brings together prominent AI scholars to discuss AI ethics from theoretical and practical African perspectives and makes a case for African values, interests, expectations and principles to underpin the design, development and deployment (DDD) of AI in Africa. The book is a first in that it pays attention to the socio-cultural contexts of Responsible AI that is sensitive to African cultures and societies. It makes an important contribution to the global AI ethics discourse that often neglects AI narratives from Africa despite growing evidence of DDD in many domains. Nine original contributions provide useful insights to advance the understanding and implementation of Responsible AI in Africa, including discussions on epistemic injustice of global AI ethics, opportunities and challenges, an examination of AI co-bots and chatbots in an African work space, gender and AI, a consideration of African philosophies such as Ubuntu in the application of AI, African AI policy, and a look towards a future of Responsible AI in Africa. This is an open access book