A Case for Time Slotted Channel Hopping for ICN in the IoT

Recent proposals to simplify the operation of the IoT include the use of Information Centric Networking (ICN) paradigms. While this is promising, several challenges remain. In this paper, our core contributions (a) leverage ICN communication patterns to dynamically optimize the use of TSCH (Time Slotted Channel Hopping), a wireless link layer technology increasingly popular in the IoT, and (b) make IoT-style routing adaptive to names, resources, and traffic patterns throughout the network--both without cross-layering. Through a series of experiments on the FIT IoT-LAB interconnecting typical IoT hardware, we find that our approach is fully robust against wireless interference, and almost halves the energy consumed for transmission when compared to CSMA. Most importantly, our adaptive scheduling prevents the time-slotted MAC layer from sacrificing throughput and delay

Insights on critical energy efficiency approaches in internet-of-things application

Internet-of-things (IoT) is one of the proliferated technologies that result in a larger scale of connection among different computational devices. However, establishing such a connection requires a fault-tolerant routing scheme. The existing routing scheme results in communication but does not address various problems directly linked with energy consumption. Cross layer-based scheme and optimization schemes are frequently used scheme for improving the energy efficiency performance in IoT. Therefore, this paper investigates the approaches where cross-layer-based schemes are used to retain energy efficiencies among resource-constrained devices. The paper discusses the effectivity of the approaches used to optimize network performance in IoT applications. The study outcome of this paper showcase that there are various open-end issues, which is required to be addressed effectively in order to improve the performance of application associated with the IoT system

EC-CENTRIC: An Energy- and Context-Centric Perspective on IoT Systems and Protocol Design

The radio transceiver of an IoT device is often where most of the energy is consumed. For this reason, most research so far has focused on low power circuit and energy efficient physical layer designs, with the goal of reducing the average energy per information bit required for communication. While these efforts are valuable per se, their actual effectiveness can be partially neutralized by ill-designed network, processing and resource management solutions, which can become a primary factor of performance degradation, in terms of throughput, responsiveness and energy efficiency. The objective of this paper is to describe an energy-centric and context-aware optimization framework that accounts for the energy impact of the fundamental functionalities of an IoT system and that proceeds along three main technical thrusts: 1) balancing signal-dependent processing techniques (compression and feature extraction) and communication tasks; 2) jointly designing channel access and routing protocols to maximize the network lifetime; 3) providing self-adaptability to different operating conditions through the adoption of suitable learning architectures and of flexible/reconfigurable algorithms and protocols. After discussing this framework, we present some preliminary results that validate the effectiveness of our proposed line of action, and show how the use of adaptive signal processing and channel access techniques allows an IoT network to dynamically tune lifetime for signal distortion, according to the requirements dictated by the application

Designing Time Slotted Channel Hopping and Information-Centric Networking for IoT

International audienceRecent proposals to simplify the operation of the IoT include the use of Information Centric Networking (ICN) paradigms. While this is promising, several challenges remain. In this paper, our core contributions (a) leverage ICN communication patterns to dynamically optimize the use of TSCH (Time Slotted Channel Hopping), a wireless link layer technology increasingly popular in the IoT, and (b) make IoT-style routing adaptive to names, resources, and traffic patterns throughout the network -- both without cross-layering

From serendipity to sustainable Green IoT: technical, industrial and political perspective

Recently, Internet of Things (IoT) has become one of the largest electronics market for hardware production due to its fast evolving application space. However, one of the key challenges for IoT hardware is the energy efficiency as most of IoT devices/objects are expected to run on batteries for months/years without a battery replacement or on harvested energy sources. Widespread use of IoT has also led to a largescale rise in the carbon footprint. In this regard, academia, industry and policy-makers are constantly working towards new energy-efficient hardware and software solutions paving the way for an emerging area referred to as green-IoT. With the direct integration and the evolution of smart communication between physical world and computer-based systems, IoT devices are also expected to reduce the total amount of energy consumption for the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) sector. However, in order to increase its chance of success and to help at reducing the overall energy consumption and carbon emissions a comprehensive investigation into how to achieve green-IoT is required. In this context, this paper surveys the green perspective of the IoT paradigm and aims to contribute at establishing a global approach for green-IoT environments. A comprehensive approach is presented that focuses not only on the specific solutions but also on the interaction among them, and highlights the precautions/decisions the policy makers need to take. On one side, the ongoing European projects and standardization efforts as well as industry and academia based solutions are presented and on the other side, the challenges, open issues, lessons learned and the role of policymakers towards green-IoT are discussed. The survey shows that due to many existing open issues (e.g., technical considerations, lack of standardization, security and privacy, governance and legislation, etc.) that still need to be addressed, a realistic implementation of a sustainable green-IoT environment that could be universally accepted and deployed, is still missing

From MANET to people-centric networking: Milestones and open research challenges

In this paper, we discuss the state of the art of (mobile) multi-hop ad hoc networking with the aim to present the current status of the research activities and identify the consolidated research areas, with limited research opportunities, and the hot and emerging research areas for which further research is required. We start by briefly discussing the MANET paradigm, and why the research on MANET protocols is now a cold research topic. Then we analyze the active research areas. Specifically, after discussing the wireless-network technologies, we analyze four successful ad hoc networking paradigms, mesh networks, opportunistic networks, vehicular networks, and sensor networks that emerged from the MANET world. We also present an emerging research direction in the multi-hop ad hoc networking field: people centric networking, triggered by the increasing penetration of the smartphones in everyday life, which is generating a people-centric revolution in computing and communications

Kommunikation und Bildverarbeitung in der Automation

In diesem Open-Access-Tagungsband sind die besten Beiträge des 9. Jahreskolloquiums "Kommunikation in der Automation" (KommA 2018) und des 6. Jahreskolloquiums "Bildverarbeitung in der Automation" (BVAu 2018) enthalten. Die Kolloquien fanden am 20. und 21. November 2018 in der SmartFactoryOWL, einer gemeinsamen Einrichtung des Fraunhofer IOSB-INA und der Technischen Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe statt. Die vorgestellten neuesten Forschungsergebnisse auf den Gebieten der industriellen Kommunikationstechnik und Bildverarbeitung erweitern den aktuellen Stand der Forschung und Technik. Die in den Beiträgen enthaltenen anschaulichen Beispiele aus dem Bereich der Automation setzen die Ergebnisse in den direkten Anwendungsbezug

Relevance- and Aggregation-based Scheduling for Data Transmission in IEEE 802.15.4e IoT Networks

Master's thesis Information- and communication technology IKT590 - University of Agder 2017Internet of thing (IoT) is regarded as a new communicating paradigm with Internet connectivity enabling embedded devices to interact with each other on a global scale. IoT has the potential to become the largest producer of information because of a massive number of connected devices with diverse applications ranging from environmental monitoring, home, and building automation. This ubiquitous connectivity requires reliability, efficiency, and sustainability of access to information. As an enabling technology, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have opened new opportunity with recent technological developments in making miniaturized smart connected devices. With an increase in the activity of these smart devices, there are challenges in maintaining their limited energy, lifetime, and reliability required for IoT applications. The reason is that these devices are mostly battery powered. In this respect, an insight into the activities of sensing devices produced by different vendors with interoperability based on industrial standards is needed. As an enhancement of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC sublayer, the ratification of IEEE 802.15.4e standard makes a step towards IoT medium access control (MAC) for industrial applications. One of the significant enhancements in IEEE 802.15.4e is different MAC modes. However, IEEE 802.15.4e does not specify standardized scheduling policy for network building and data transmission maintenance. It is basically application specific. In general, activities performed at the MAC sublayer contribute to sensor energy consumption. Therefore, an efficient MAC scheme is needed to utilize network resources more efficiently, minimize energy consumption level and at the same time improve data transmission of the network. In this thesis work, we focus on proposing transmission schemes for improving energy consumption for data transmission in IoT networks and as well as increasing average packet delivery ratio (PDR). Our target is to improve time slotted channel hopping (TSCH) mode that enables deterministic access and robust network. The focus is on dedicated and shared slots in TSCH. More specifically, we propose two MAC schemes; relevance- and aggregation-based scheduling for data transmission in IEEE 802.15.4e IoT networks. With relevance-based scheduling, the coordinator node builds and maintains communication in the network based on a historical data value of member nodes. On the other hand, aggregation-based scheduling iii enables the coordinator node to build and maintain communication by integrating multiple data inside a single frame payload at the source node before transmission. Further, the proposed schemes are implemented using network simulator version 3 (ns-3). We use Ubuntu 16.04.2 as the operating system for our implementation and performance evaluation. Numerical results for a few performance metrics including PDR, collision probability, delay, and energy consumption are obtained through extensive simulations. The superiority of the proposed schemes is demonstrated by comparing the simulation results with that of IEEE 802.15.4e TSCH standard under varies network scenario