Problem of Time in Quantum Gravity

The Problem of Time occurs because the `time' of GR and of ordinary Quantum Theory are mutually incompatible notions. This is problematic in trying to replace these two branches of physics with a single framework in situations in which the conditions of both apply, e.g. in black holes or in the very early universe. Emphasis in this Review is on the Problem of Time being multi-faceted and on the nature of each of the eight principal facets. Namely, the Frozen Formalism Problem, Configurational Relationalism Problem (formerly Sandwich Problem), Foliation Dependence Problem, Constraint Closure Problem (formerly Functional Evolution Problem), Multiple Choice Problem, Global Problem of Time, Problem of Beables (alias Problem of Observables) and Spacetime Reconstruction/Replacement Problem. Strategizing in this Review is not just centred about the Frozen Formalism Problem facet, but rather about each of the eight facets. Particular emphasis is placed upon A) relationalism as an underpinning of the facets and as a selector of particular strategies (especially a modification of Barbour relationalism, though also with some consideration of Rovelli relationalism). B) Classifying approaches by the full ordering in which they embrace constrain, quantize, find time/history and find observables, rather than only by partial orderings such as "Dirac-quantize". C) Foliation (in)dependence and Spacetime Reconstruction for a wide range of physical theories, strategizing centred about the Problem of Beables, the Patching Approach to the Global Problem of Time, and the role of the question-types considered in physics. D) The Halliwell- and Gambini-Porto-Pullin-type combined Strategies in the context of semiclassical quantum cosmology.Comment: Invited Review: 26 pages including 2 Figures. This v2 has a number of minor improvements and correction

Probing Primordial Gravitational Waves: Ali CMB Polarization Telescope

In this paper, we will give a general introduction to the project of Ali CMB Polarization Telescope (AliCPT), which is a Sino-US joint project led by the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) and has involved many different institutes in China. It is the first ground-based Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization experiment in China and an integral part of China's Gravitational Waves Program. The main scientific goal of AliCPT project is to probe the primordial gravitational waves (PGWs) originated from the very early Universe. The AliCPT project includes two stages. The first stage referred to as AliCPT-1, is to build a telescope in the Ali region of Tibet with an altitude of 5,250 meters. Once completed, it will be the worldwide highest ground-based CMB observatory and open a new window for probing PGWs in northern hemisphere. AliCPT-1 telescope is designed to have about 7,000 TES detectors at 90GHz and 150GHz. The second stage is to have a more sensitive telescope (AliCPT-2) with the number of detectors more than 20,000. Our simulations show that AliCPT will improve the current constraint on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ by one order of magnitude with 3 years' observation. Besides the PGWs, the AliCPT will also enable a precise measurement on the CMB rotation angle and provide a precise test on the CPT symmetry. We show 3 years' observation will improve the current limit by two order of magnitude.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, 2 table

Measurement Customer Satifaction Toward KEUKEN #5 - The City Hall Fairground Culinary Event Using Importance - Performance Analysis (IPA)

Abstract – The main theme of this research is Marketing and focus on measuring satisfaction level from Keuken #5 culinary event that organized by House The House based on Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). The IPA model which showed graphical representation of the data, whereby event organizations can see areas of strength and weakness from event attributes is divided into four quadrants, with importance on the y-axis and performance on the x-axis, according to Martilla and James the resources should be allocate to improve attributes that reside in quadrant I. The result of the  analysis showed the overall visitor satisfaction level for Keuken was scored 3.7 which reported between “Ok†and “Satisfiedâ€. Convenient parking, food/beverages prices, and shopping attributes item are attributes which reside in quadrant I and  considered as main priority for improvement. Local food,  come and go, clean site, attractive environment, event guide, and opening/closing time, are attributes lay in quadrant II which considered as attributes that should be maintained. Entertainment and good local restaurant attributes lay in quadrant IV which are considered as attributes that possibly overkill. Celebrity chef demos, festival souvenir, and cooking demonstration attributes lay in quadrant III which considered as last priority.Keywords: Keuken, culinary event, customer satisfaction, Importance-Performance AnalysisÂ

School of Culinary Arts & Food Technology - Autumn Newsletter 2021

The School of Culinary Arts and Food Technology, TU Dublin, Autumn Newsletter captured the many events, research, awards, significant contributions, special civic, community and sustainability activities which the students and staff members of the school have successfully completed up to the Autumn period of 2021. The successful completion of these activities would not be possible without the active and on-going support of the \u27INSPIRED\u27 friends of Culinary Arts (school supporters) and our school\u27s industry association supporters. We thank you all, consider getting involved in our New Campus here at Central Quad, Grangegorman, Dublin 7). email: [email protected] for further details and our school programmes

Faculty

Samuel D. Estep, \u2746; Recent books by James Boyd White; New faculty; Rebecca Scott\u27s Degrees of Freedom wins multiple honors; New Business Law Faculty Fellows Program; Niehoff, \u2784, cited in ruling against warrantless surveillance; Miller to visit St. Andrews as Carnegie Centenary Professor; An evening of recognition; Activities

Towards the Chalonge 17th Paris Cosmology Colloquium 2013: highlights and conclusions of the Chalonge 16th Paris Cosmology Colloquium 2012

LWDM (Warm Dark Matter) is progressing impressively.The galactic scale crisis and decline of LCDM+baryons are staggering. The 16th Paris Chalonge Colloquium 2012 combined real cosmological/astrophysical data and hard theory predictive approach in the LWDM Standard Model. News and reviews from ACT,WMAP,SPT,QUIET,Planck,Herschel,JWST,UFFO,KATRIN and MARE experiments; astrophysics, particle and nuclear physics WDM searches, galactic observations, related theory and simulations, with the aim of synthesis and clarification. Here highlights by P Biermann, C Burigana, C Conselice, A Cooray, H de Vega, C Giunti & M Laveder, J Kormendi & K Freeman, E Ma, J Mather, L Page, G Smoot, N Sanchez. Summary and conclusions by de Vega, Falvella and Sanchez. Data confirm primordial CMB gaussianity. Effective (Ginsburg-Landau) Inflation theory predicts r about 0.04-0.05, negligeable running of ns, the inflation energy scale (GUT scale) and the set of CMB observables in agreement with the data. WMAP9 and Planck measurements are compatible with one or two Majorana sterile neutrinos in the eV mass scale. Cored (non cusped) DM halos and keV WDM are strongly favored by theory and observations, Wimps are strongly disfavoured. LambdaCDM with baryons do not work at small scales. Inside galaxy cores, quantum WDM effects are important. Quantum WDM calculations (Thomas-Fermi) provide galaxy masses, velocity dispersions and cored profiles and their sizes in agreement with observations. A WDM fermion of about 2 keV naturally reproduces galaxy, large scale and cosmological observations. WDM keV particles deserve dedicated astronomical and laboratory searches, theoretical work and numerical simulations. KATRIN can be adapted to look to keV scale sterile neutrinos. It will be a fantastic discovery to detect dark matter in beta decay. Photos of the Colloquium are includedComment: 58 pages, 15 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1203.3562, arXiv:1305.7452, arXiv:1009.3494, arXiv:1304.075

Calliope\u27s Comments, vol. 19 (1983 Feb)

Table of Contents: Another year English Department Reading Series Literary Festival Grapheon Literary Society 1982 Awards and Honors Reading Trollope for Fun and Profit: Notes on Careers of English Majors Faculty Roundtable I\u27ve read a lot Lectures on Literature More news of former students New Books by Hollins Alumnae/Alumni Authors 1983 Graduate Students John Rees Moore Attends Nuclear Conference in Washington The First Man on the Sun Honors Theses Ten-Year Cumulative Book List of Books by Hollins Alumnae/Alumni English Majors 1982-83 The Hollins Critichttps://digitalcommons.hollins.edu/calliopescomments/1013/thumbnail.jp

Human Powered Helicopter: Rotor Structure

The following report encompasses the Human Powered Helicopter Rotor Team’s conceptual models and ideas based on research and modeling analysis. The following gives an overview of material researched, concept generation, analyzation, manufacturing, and testing for a rotor structure to be installed in a Human Powered Helicopter