25 research outputs found
Tracking and classification with wireless sensor networks and the transferable belief model
The use of small, cheap, networked devices to collaboratively perform a task presents an attractive opportunity for many scenarios. One such scenario is the tracking and classification of an object moving through a region of interest. A single sensor is capable of very little, but a group of sensors can potentially provide a flexible, self-organising system that can carry out tasks in harsh conditions for long periods of time. This thesis presents a new framework for tracking and classification with a wire less sensor network. Existing algorithms have been integrated and extended within this framework to perform tracking and classification whilst managing energy usage in order to balance the quality of information with the cost of obtaining it. Novel improvements are presented to perform tracking and classification in more realistic scenarios where a target is moving in a non-linear fashion over a varying terrain. The framework presented in this thesis can be used not only in algorithm development, but also as a tool to aid sensor deployment planning. All of the algorithms presented in this thesis have a common basis that results from the integration of a wireless sensor network management algorithm and a tracking and classification algorithm both of which are considered state-of-the-art. Tracking is performed with a particle filter, and classification is performed with the Transferable Belief Model. Simulations are used throughout this thesis in order to compare the performance of different algorithms. A large number of simulations are used in each experiment with various parameter combinations in order to provide a detailed analysis of each algorithm and scenario. The work presented in this thesis could be of use to developers of wireless sensor network algorithms, and also to people who plan the deployment of nodes. This thesis focuses on military scenarios, but the research presented is not limited to this.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Tracking and classification with wireless sensor networks and the transferable belief model
The use of small, cheap, networked devices to collaboratively perform a task presents an attractive opportunity for many scenarios. One such scenario is the tracking and classification of an object moving through a region of interest. A single sensor is capable of very little, but a group of sensors can potentially provide a flexible, self-organising system that can carry out tasks in harsh conditions for long periods of time. This thesis presents a new framework for tracking and classification with a wire less sensor network. Existing algorithms have been integrated and extended within this framework to perform tracking and classification whilst managing energy usage in order to balance the quality of information with the cost of obtaining it. Novel improvements are presented to perform tracking and classification in more realistic scenarios where a target is moving in a non-linear fashion over a varying terrain. The framework presented in this thesis can be used not only in algorithm development, but also as a tool to aid sensor deployment planning. All of the algorithms presented in this thesis have a common basis that results from the integration of a wireless sensor network management algorithm and a tracking and classification algorithm both of which are considered state-of-the-art. Tracking is performed with a particle filter, and classification is performed with the Transferable Belief Model. Simulations are used throughout this thesis in order to compare the performance of different algorithms. A large number of simulations are used in each experiment with various parameter combinations in order to provide a detailed analysis of each algorithm and scenario. The work presented in this thesis could be of use to developers of wireless sensor network algorithms, and also to people who plan the deployment of nodes. This thesis focuses on military scenarios, but the research presented is not limited to this
A belief-theoretical approach to example-based pose estimation
​In example-based human pose estimation, the configuration of an evolving object is sought given visual evidence, having to rely uniquely on a set of sample images. We assume here that, at each time instant of a training session, a number of feature measurements is extracted from the available images, while ground truth is provided in the form of the true object pose. In this scenario, a sensible approach consists in learning maps from features to poses, using the information provided by the training set. In particular, multi-valued mappings linking feature values to set of training poses can be constructed. To this purpose we propose a Belief Modeling Regression (BMR) approach in which a probability measure on any individual feature space maps to a convex set of probabilities on the set of training poses, in a form of a belief function. Given a test image, its feature measurements translate into a collection of belief functions on the set of training poses which, when combined, yield there an entire family of probability distributions. From the latter either a single central pose estimate or a set of extremal ones can be computed, together with a measure of how reliable the estimate is. Contrarily to other competing models, in BMR the sparsity of the training samples can be taken into account to model the level of uncertainty associated with these estimates. We illustrate BMR’s performance in an application to human pose recovery, showing how it outperforms our implementation of both Relevant Vector Machine and Gaussian Process Regression. Finally, we discuss motivation and advantages of the proposed approach with respect to its most direct competitors
Reasoning with random sets: An agenda for the future
In this paper, we discuss a potential agenda for future work in the theory of
random sets and belief functions, touching upon a number of focal issues: the
development of a fully-fledged theory of statistical reasoning with random
sets, including the generalisation of logistic regression and of the classical
laws of probability; the further development of the geometric approach to
uncertainty, to include general random sets, a wider range of uncertainty
measures and alternative geometric representations; the application of this new
theory to high-impact areas such as climate change, machine learning and
statistical learning theory.Comment: 94 pages, 17 figure
Advances and Applications of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) for Information Fusion (Collected Works), Vol. 4
The fourth volume on Advances and Applications of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) for information fusion collects theoretical and applied contributions of researchers working in different fields of applications and in mathematics. The contributions (see List of Articles published in this book, at the end of the volume) have been published or presented after disseminating the third volume (2009, http://fs.unm.edu/DSmT-book3.pdf) in international conferences, seminars, workshops and journals.
First Part of this book presents the theoretical advancement of DSmT, dealing with Belief functions, conditioning and deconditioning, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Decision Making, Multi-Criteria, evidence theory, combination rule, evidence distance, conflicting belief, sources of evidences with different importance and reliabilities, importance of sources, pignistic probability transformation, Qualitative reasoning under uncertainty, Imprecise belief
structures, 2-Tuple linguistic label, Electre Tri Method, hierarchical proportional redistribution, basic belief assignment, subjective probability measure, Smarandache codification, neutrosophic logic, Evidence theory, outranking methods, Dempster-Shafer Theory, Bayes fusion rule, frequentist probability, mean square error, controlling factor, optimal assignment solution, data association, Transferable Belief Model, and others.
More applications of DSmT have emerged in the past years since the apparition of the third book of DSmT 2009. Subsequently, the second part of this volume is about applications of DSmT in correlation with Electronic Support Measures, belief function, sensor networks, Ground Moving Target and Multiple target tracking, Vehicle-Born Improvised Explosive Device, Belief Interacting Multiple Model filter, seismic and acoustic sensor, Support Vector Machines, Alarm
classification, ability of human visual system, Uncertainty Representation and Reasoning Evaluation Framework, Threat Assessment, Handwritten Signature Verification, Automatic Aircraft Recognition, Dynamic Data-Driven Application System, adjustment of secure communication trust analysis, and so on.
Finally, the third part presents a List of References related with DSmT published or presented along the years since its inception in 2004, chronologically ordered
Advances and Applications of DSmT for Information Fusion
This book is devoted to an emerging branch of Information Fusion based on new approach for modelling the fusion problematic when the information provided by the sources is both uncertain and (highly) conflicting. This approach, known in literature as DSmT (standing for Dezert-Smarandache Theory), proposes new useful rules of combinations
Advances and Applications of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT), Vol. 1
The Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) of plausible and paradoxical reasoning is a natural extension of the classical Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) but includes fundamental differences with the DST. DSmT allows to formally combine any types of independent sources of information represented in term of belief functions, but is mainly focused on the fusion of uncertain, highly conflicting and imprecise quantitative or qualitative sources of evidence. DSmT is able to solve complex, static or dynamic fusion problems beyond the limits of the DST framework, especially when conflicts between sources become large and when the refinement of the frame of the problem under consideration becomes inaccessible because of vague, relative and imprecise nature of elements of it. DSmT is used in cybernetics, robotics, medicine, military, and other engineering applications where the fusion of sensors\u27 information is required
Evidential Reasoning for Multimodal Fusion in Human Computer Interaction
Fusion of information from multiple modalities in Human Computer Interfaces
(HCI) has gained a lot of attention in recent years, and has far reaching
implications in many areas of human-machine interaction. However, a major
limitation of current HCI fusion systems is that the fusion process tends to
ignore the semantic nature of modalities, which may reinforce, complement or
contradict each other over time. Also, most systems are not robust in
representing the ambiguity inherent in human gestures. In this work, we
investigate an evidential reasoning based approach for intelligent multimodal
fusion, and apply this algorithm to a proposed multimodal system consisting of
a Hand Gesture sensor and a Brain Computing Interface (BCI). There are three
major contributions of this work to the area of human computer interaction.
First, we propose an algorithm for reconstruction of the 3D hand pose given a
2D input video. Second, we develop a BCI using Steady State Visually Evoked
Potentials, and show how a multimodal system consisting of the two sensors can
improve the efficiency and the complexity of the system, while retaining the
same levels of accuracy. Finally, we propose an semantic fusion algorithm based
on Transferable Belief Models, which can successfully fuse information from
these two sensors, to form meaningful concepts and resolve ambiguity. We also
analyze this system for robustness under various operating scenarios