1,134 research outputs found

    Alʔilbīrī’s Book of the rational conclusions. Introduction, Critical Edition of the Arabic Text and Materials for the History of the Ḫawāṣṣic Genre in Early Andalus

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    [eng] The Book of the rational conclusions, written perhaps somewhen in the 10th c. by a physician from Ilbīrah (Andalus), is a multi-section medical pandect. The author brings together, from a diversity of sources, materials dealing with matters related to drug-handling, natural philosophy, therapeutics, medical applications of the specific properties of things, a regimen, and a dispensatory. This dissertation includes three different parts. First the transmission of the text, its contents, and its possible context are discussed. Then a critical edition of the Arabic text is offered. Last, but certainly not least, the subject of the specific properties is approached from several points of view. The analysis of Section III of the original book leads to an exploration of the early Andalusī assimilation of this epistemic tradition and to the establishment of a well-defined textual family in which our text must be inscribed. On the other hand, the concept itself of ‘specific property’ is often misconstrued and it is usually made synonymous to magic and superstition. Upon closer inspection, however, the alleged irrationality of the knowledge of these properties appears to be largely the result of anachronistic interpretation. As a complement of this particular research and as an illustration of the genre, a sample from an ongoing integral commentary on this section of the book is presented.[cat] El Llibre de les conclusions racionals d’un desconegut metge d’Ilbīrah (l’Àndalus) va ser compilat probablement durant la segona meitat del s. X. Es tracta d’un rudimentari però notablement complet kunnaix (un gènere epistèmic que és definit sovint com a ‘enciclopèdia mèdica’) en què l’autor aplega materials manllevats (sovint de manera literal i no-explícita) de diversos gèneres. El llibre obre amb una secció sobre apoteconomia (una mena de manual d’apotecaris) però se centra després en les diferents branques de la medicina. A continuació d’uns prolegòmens filosòfics l’autor copia, amb mínima adaptació lingüística, un tractat sencer de terapèutica, després un altre sobre les aplicacions mèdiques de les propietats específiques de les coses, una sèrie de fragments relacionats amb la dietètica (un règim en termes tradicionals) i, finalment, una col·lecció de receptes mèdiques. Cadascuna d’aquestes seccions mostren evidents lligams d’intertextualitat que apunten cap a una intensa activitat sintetitzadora de diverses tradicions aliades a la medicina a l’Àndalus califal. El text és, de fet, un magnífic objecte sobre el qual aplicar la metodologia de la crítica textual i de fonts. L’edició crítica del text incorpora la dimensió cronològica dins l’aparat, que esdevé així un element contextualitzador. Quant l’estudi de les fonts, si tot al llarg de la primera part d’aquesta tesi és només secundari, aquesta disciplina pren un protagonisme gairebé absolut en la tercera part, especialment en el capítol dedicat a l’anàlisi individual de cada passatge recollit en la secció sobre les propietats específiques de les coses

    CULTURAL COMPETENCY IN HEALTH CARE

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    The research and dossier presented in this dissertation address the cultural competency of health care providers in their interactions with racial, ethnic, and cultural minority patients. Sociocultural factors significantly contribute to stigma at multiple levels of the ecological system, influencing patient engagement in care and impacting health outcomes. Among the most salient and actionable factors fostering health care providers' preparedness to meet the needs of diverse patients in culturally responsive ways were the provider's knowledge, attitude, and skills. The needs assessment examined these factors in psychiatric residents caring for racial, ethnic, and cultural minority patients. The non-experimental, cross-sectional, convergent mixed-method study found that residents identified the need for additional knowledge on specific content and concepts that included history, structural discrimination, intersectionality, and microaggressions. However, despite confidence in their knowledge, they were challenged in translating that knowledge into clinical skills. Resident attitudes in caring for diverse patients were positive as they expressed openness, empathy, valuing others' perspectives, and were intolerant of microaggressions. Nevertheless, potential areas of vulnerability were revealed secondary to their limitations in knowledge or comfort initiating interactions addressing challenging issues. Residents articulated their needs to be more confident in caring for minority patients and shared specific recommendations related to didactic content, preparatory activities, clinical activities, and resources. As a result of this needs assessment, dossier applied projects were shaped based upon key theoretical and conceptual models: transformational learning, cultural competence, and a model of broaching behaviors, addressing the problem of practice of focus in this dossier. The applied project and dissemination artifacts contributed to the residency training literature integrating cultural competency within psychiatry residency training programs with the aim of increasing awareness of residents' need to engage in challenging conversations with racial, ethnic, and minority patients and advance a curriculum. The applied project was a grant application submitted to the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. The dissemination artifacts included an educational case report manuscript submitted to Academic Psychiatry and a proposal for a symposium presentation at the 23rd World Congress of Psychotherapy

    Mismarked Flesh: The Interpretability of the Male Body in Julio-Claudian Literature

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    This dissertation studies the increasing failure of the elite Roman male body to serve, as it had done for centuries, as an easily interpretable sign of social identity. The socio-political shift from Republic to Empire led to general disorientation and a crisis of male elite identity that found expression through depictions of the male body. Through Ovid’s Metamorphoses, Petronius’ Satyrica, and Senecan drama, I study this preoccupation in light of the Roman socio-historical context and modern theories of bodily identity found in Kristeva, Spillers, and Scarry, among others. I argue that we can trace the frequent scenes of misrecognition and confusion and the preponderance of wounded, marked, and dismembered non-slave bodies to this identity crisis. The mutilated male body in Julio-Claudian literature becomes a nodal point for multiple intersecting anxieties about gender, class, and status in an uncertain world. Chapter One reviews the socio-political context of the early empire and contemporary theories of embodied identity, and surveys the scholarship on embodied masculinity in early imperial literature. Chapter Two shines light on the confusion of bodily signifiers in the disorienting worlds of Ovid’s Metamorphoses and of Augustan Rome, showing through such stories as Actaeon and Pyramus that failure to interpret signs or to act as an interpretable signifier can be disastrous. Chapter Three examines the new vulnerability of elite men in Augustus’ Rome through the mutilated and dehumanized male bodies of the Metamorphoses, including Marsyas and Hippolytus. Chapter Four connects the confusion of bodily signifiers with a larger failure of the body in Petronius’ Satyrica and in Neronian Rome: whether they do not display legible social identities, fail to perform sexually, or are assaulted, bodies in Petronius’ novel are problems. Chapter Five connects the abject bodies of Seneca’s Oedipus, Thyestes, and Phaedra to the violence of Nero’s reign, reading them as broken signifiers whose misinterpretation spells disaster for their onlookers. Chapter Six offers concluding thoughts, as well as case studies of Pompey’s head in Lucan’s Bellum Civile and Hercules’ suffering in the pseudo-Senecan Hercules Oetaeus.Doctor of Philosoph

    Trans and non-binary people’s experiences of cancer care in Aotearoa/New Zealand

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    Cancer is a severe and life-threatening disease affecting many people and their loved ones. Much is still unknown about cancer as a disease; however, it is known that the care that patients receive can play a vital role in producing better illness outcomes and improving quality of life during treatment. Understanding people’s experiences of cancer care is important for creating better care protocols, understanding barriers to care access, and ensuring patients receive care that meets their needs. This thesis explores the gap in knowledge surrounding trans and non-binary (TNB) people’s experiences of cancer care in Aotearoa/New Zealand. There is limited cancer research internationally regarding TNB communities and cancer, and little-to-no known research has been published specific to Aotearoa/New Zealand. The research question of this study was, what are the cancer care experiences of TNB people in Aotearoa/New Zealand? To understand this question, I undertook an interpretive qualitative study theoretically informed by community psychology. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three participants who identified as trans or non-binary and had received treatment in Aotearoa/New Zealand within the last ten years. A narrative case study approach was utilised, in order for the complexity and diversity of each participant’s experiences to be recognised. It was found that TNB people experience barriers in accessing cancer care and receiving quality cancer care. These barriers are related to wider structural issues resulting from cisgenderism that are reflected within cancer care. Cisgenderism acts to constrain how TNB patients define their own narrative of illness and interrupts the ability to move forward through cancer in ways that are personally meaningful. The study also found that TNB people are not passive in the face of constraint, as the participants each found ways to maintain a sense of agency within their experience of cancer care. There was significant diversity within the participants’ experiences, which was an important finding in-itself. This diversity particularly demonstrated the benefit of a methodological approach that could account for complexity and intersectionality, when seeking to understand TNB people’s experiences of cancer care. Overall, this thesis provides new insight into an underexplored topic and has important implications for TNB cancer patients in Aotearoa/New Zealand

    University of Windsor Graduate Calendar 2023 Spring

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    Germanic Latin Lyric Diction: Regional Variations in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria

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    In this dissertation, I discuss the various regional Latin lyric diction practices in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria and the extent to which Germanic Latin diction (also termed German Latin diction), Italianate Latin diction, and Roman Latin diction are performed beginning circa 1950 until 2022. I argue that Germanic Latin lyric diction is not standardized throughout Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. First, I explore Roman and Italianate lyric diction practices compared across various sources in order to distinguish between Latin pronunciation choices, then I discuss trends in Germanic Latin lyric diction “rules.” Extensive tables in appendices A (Roman Latin) and B (Germanic Latin) provide in-depth comparisons of rules for each vowel and consonant sound, as well as combinations of sounds, with example words using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). In order to compare these rules for Germanic Latin lyric diction with performance practices, I examine samples from numerous recordings and individual native-German-speaking subjects. Using spectrum analysis for locating vowel formants in selected samples from these recordings, I assess the actual pronunciations as they occur. Although I identify some general trends, I do not find that there is a standard practice for Germanic Latin lyric diction

    Identifying with Conspiracy Theorists: Uncovering Rhetorical Questions in the QAnon Movement

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    Inspired by Kenneth Burke’s call to understand even the most distasteful rhetorics, this project directly explores arguments imagined by contemporary conspiracy theorists within the modern QAnon movement. After careful analysis of the rhetorical questions posed within “Q drops,” this project understands conspiracy theories to be a rhetorical act that narrates a socially constructed reality in opposition to an imagined or real “other,” recognizing the narratives to be the articulation of an inquisitive and collective positionality that attempts to provide answers to difficult questions. This definition guides my empathetic reading of the conspiracy theory’s origins, but also provides critique of the act as the creation of an often harmful narrative of division. The first chapter of this project analyzes the term “conspiracy theory” from multiple disciplines, including rhetorical studies. Next, I provide a detailed literature review of the scholars who have studied Q drops before me, finding that few scholars have taken on the task of directly analyzing the rhetoric. The third chapter details the methods and methodology of my study of Q’s drops, defining more precisely how Burke’s work on identification and dialectic informs the project. From there, I explain my findings, focusing much of my analysis on questions that begin with “how” or “why,” which represent the most common kind of question Q poses. The concluding chapter initiates a conversation regarding the role of questions in composition studies–especially relating to the way instructors generate writing prompts. I suggest that instructors of First-Year Writing pay careful attention not just to teaching students how to ask questions, but also to countering the impulse to generate narratives of division by facilitating acts of rhetorical listening, a method of deliberately considering arguments made by others rather than harping on the creation of one’s own, individualized claims

    From the Ground Up: An Anarchic Methodology for Creative Practice Beyond Capitalism

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    This research addresses the constraints of creative practice as it exists within the realm of mainstream capitalist culture and the possibilities for creative practice when practiced through a lens of anarchism. Drawing from Silvia Federici’s historical analysis of Marxist enclosures, and Gregory Sholette’s argument of art as a form of enclosure, this research advocates for an expansion of what is considered creative practice. The Dominant Art World Structures indicate institutional organization, a relationship with the cultivation of capital, and a hierarchical construction, making space for the conversations, practices, and people that have been allocated to this realm of mainstream contemporary art practice. In my research, I explore the potential for a creative commons, that allows for inclusion of voices that would traditionally be excluded from the Dominant Art World Structures. I engage with practices that often lie outside of the Dominant Art World, that may not even be commonly identified as art. The research also includes examples of creative practitioners whose practices are not acknowledged. Sources include punk zines, small town newspapers, posters from events that were not otherwise documented, and interviews with community members. This research advocates for a foundation of anarchic perspective that grounds itself on consciousness as stemming from the relational of being part of the other, of being a participant of the collective. The first half of the dissertation examines what capitalism, consumption, and commodification has created in relation to art, leaving a realm filled with competition with the eventual outcome being the monetization of people and relationships themselves. The second half of the dissertation begins to construct a perspective of what creative practice could be, when coming from a consciousness that employs anarchic sensibilities. These chapters identify characteristics of the creative commons and explore practices that demonstrate these characteristics, including collaboration or collective action without claim to authorship, skill sharing, and what it means to build from the ground up.https://digitalmaine.com/academic/1048/thumbnail.jp
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