8,137 research outputs found
Neuropsychological Outcomes of U.S. Veterans with Report of Remote Blast-Related Concussion and Current Psychopathology
Get PDFThis study explored whether remote blast-related MTBI and/or current Axis I psychopathology contribute to neuropsychological outcomes among OEF/OIF veterans with varied combat histories. OEF/OIF veterans underwent structured interviews to evaluate history of blast-related MTBI and psychopathology and were assigned to MTBI (n = 18), Axis I (n = 24), Co-morbid MTBI/Axis I (n = 34), or post-deployment control (n = 28) groups. A main effect for Axis I diagnosis on overall neuropsychological performance was identified (F(3,100) = 4.81; p = .004), with large effect sizes noted for the Axis I only (d = .98) and Co-morbid MTBI/Axis I (d = .95) groups relative to the control group. The latter groups demonstrated primary limitations on measures of learning/memory and processing speed. The MTBI only group demonstrated performances that were not significantly different from the remaining three groups. These findings suggest that a remote history of blast-related MTBI does not contribute to objective cognitive impairment in the late stage of injury. Impairments, when present, are subtle and most likely attributable to PTSD and other psychological conditions. Implications for clinical neuropsychologists and future research are discussed. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1–11
Scarlet-Letter Politics: The Rhetoric of Shame in the Campaign to Unseat President Barack Hussein Obama
Get PDFThis essay considers the politics of racial shaming as deployed against Barack Obama, arguing that it targeted black and foreign bodies as threats to the American body politic
Language impairment and colour categories
Get PDFGoldstein (1948) reported multiple cases of failure to categorise colours in patients that he termed amnesic or anomic aphasics. these patients have a particular difficulty in producing perceptual categories in the absence of other aphasic impairments. we hold that neuropsychological evidence supports the view that the task of colour categorisation is logically impossible without labels
Quantitative Economic Evaluations of HIV-Related Prevention and Treatment Services: A Review
Get PDFDr. Holtgrave and colleagues at the CDC set forth an extensive taxonomy of HIV prevention and treatment services and review reports of efforts to subject some of those services to formal economic evaluation. They find few services thus far to have been so evaluated, no evaluation to have focused solely upon behavioral outcomes and most economic evaluations to lack formal quantitative analyses
Towards a common theory of explanation for artificial and biological intelligence
Get PDFMuch of the confusion that occurs when working at the intersection of cognitive science, artificial intelligence, and neuroscience stems from disagreement about what it means to explain intelligence. I claim that to integrate these fields, we must reconcile their different theories of explanation. I briefly review theories of scientific explanation in neuroscience and recontextualize the stated views of several prominent cognitive computational neuroscientists in terms of the theories of explanation they espouse. Finally, I describe some of the challenges of forging a new theory of explanation that would apply equally to artificial and biological intelligence. As a first step towards an integration of research on biological and artificial intelligence, my goal in writing this paper is to equip scientists of intelligence to interrogate and justify the theories of explanation that underlie their definitions of scientific progress
Towards a Global Reporting System for Development Cooperation on the SDGs: Promoting Transformational Potential and Impact
Get PDFThe proposed SDGs constitute a comprehensive, universal and interactive agenda of structural transformations as the pathway to sustainable development, leaving no-one behind while creating green economies. This new global development agenda demands a reporting system which both engages a much wider range of development co-operation actors than the traditional Development Co-operation Directorate (DCD-DAC) donors and reflects the radically changing structure and complexion of the global economy and development finance. Existing development cooperation reporting systems are not geared to supporting the programme design, implementation, coordination and review processes implicit in the SDGs. We propose a reporting system based around transformational potential and impact (TPI) statements in upstream programme and project reporting linked to the SDGs and involving all suppliers and forms of externally provided development cooperation, including market finance leveraged by sovereign creditworthiness. Our proposal provides a framework for thinking and acting at the level of transformation and facilitates the mapping of external cooperation to national and regional programmes of structural transformation. The TPI statements could thus constitute a commitment and review system analogous to the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) methodology being developed as the basis for a new global climate change regime to be agreed at the Paris Conference in December 2015
Towards a common theory of explanation for artificial and biological intelligence
Get PDFMuch of the confusion that occurs when working at the intersection of cognitive science, artificial intelligence, and neuroscience stems from disagreement about what it means to explain intelligence. I claim that to integrate these fields, we must reconcile their different theories of explanation. I briefly review theories of scientific explanation in neuroscience and recontextualize the stated views of several prominent cognitive computational neuroscientists in terms of the theories of explanation they espouse. Finally, I describe some of the challenges of forging a new theory of explanation that would apply equally to artificial and biological intelligence. As a first step towards an integration of research on biological and artificial intelligence, my goal in writing this paper is to equip scientists of intelligence to interrogate and justify the theories of explanation that underlie their definitions of scientific progress
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