Measure Theory in Noncommutative Spaces

The integral in noncommutative geometry (NCG) involves a non-standard trace called a Dixmier trace. The geometric origins of this integral are well known. From a measure-theoretic view, however, the formulation contains several difficulties. We review results concerning the technical features of the integral in NCG and some outstanding problems in this area. The review is aimed for the general user of NCG

Defect measures on graded lie groups

In this article, we define a generalisation of microlocal defect measures (also known as H-measures) to the setting of graded nilpotent Lie groups. This requires to develop the notions of homogeneous symbols and classical pseudo-differential calculus adapted to this setting and defined via the representations of the groups. Our method relies on the study of the C *-algebra of 0-homogeneous symbols. Then, we compute microlocal defect measures for concentrating and oscillating sequences, which also requires to investigate the notion of oscillating sequences in graded Lie groups. Finally, we discuss compacity compactness approaches in the context of graded nilpotent Lie groups

The notion of dimension in geometry and algebra

This talk reviews some mathematical and physical ideas related to the notion of dimension. After a brief historical introduction, various modern constructions from fractal geometry, noncommutative geometry, and theoretical physics are invoked and compared.Comment: 29 pages, a revie

Local Operator Multipliers and Positivity

We establish an unbounded version of Stinespring's Theorem and a lifting result for Stinespring representations of completely positive modular maps defined on the space of all compact operators. We apply these results to study positivity for Schur multipliers. We characterise positive local Schur multipliers, and provide a description of positive local Schur multipliers of Toeplitz type. We introduce local operator multipliers as a non-commutative analogue of local Schur multipliers, and obtain a characterisation that extends earlier results concerning operator multipliers and local Schur multipliers. We provide a description of the positive local operator multipliers in terms of approximation by elements of canonical positive cones.Comment: 31 page

On the structure of ∞\infty-Harmonic maps

Let $H \in C^2(\mathbb{R}^{N \times n})$, $H\geq 0$. The PDE system \label{1} A_\infty u \, :=\, \Big(H_P \otimes H_P + H [H_P]^\bot H_{PP} \Big)(Du) : D^2 u\, = \, 0 \tag{1} arises as the ``Euler-Lagrange PDE" of vectorial variational problems for the functional $E_{\infty}(u,\Omega) = \| H(Du) \|_{L^\infty(\Omega)}$ defined on maps $u : \Omega \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n \longrightarrow \mathbb{R}^N$. \eqref{1} first appeared in the author's recent work \cite{K3}. The scalar case though has a long history initiated by Aronsson in \cite{A1}. Herein we study the solutions of \eqref{1} with emphasis on the case of $n=2\leq N$ with $H$ the Euclidean norm on $\mathbb{R}^{N \times n}$, which we call the ``$\infty$-Laplacian". By establishing a rigidity theorem for rank-one maps of independent interest, we analyse a phenomenon of separation of the solutions to phases with qualitatively different behaviour. As a corollary, we extend to $N \geq 2$ the Aronsson-Evans-Yu theorem regarding non-existence of zeros of $|Du|$ and prove a Maximum Principle. We further characterise all $H$ for which \eqref{1} is elliptic and also study the initial value problem for the ODE system arising for $n=1$ but with $H(\cdot,u,u')$ depending on all the arguments.Comment: 30 pages, 10 figures, revised including referees' comments, (Communications in PDE