2,649 research outputs found
Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Communication Networks for the Maritime Internet of Things: Key Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges
With the rapid development of marine activities, there has been an increasing
number of maritime mobile terminals, as well as a growing demand for high-speed
and ultra-reliable maritime communications to keep them connected.
Traditionally, the maritime Internet of Things (IoT) is enabled by maritime
satellites. However, satellites are seriously restricted by their high latency
and relatively low data rate. As an alternative, shore & island-based base
stations (BSs) can be built to extend the coverage of terrestrial networks
using fourth-generation (4G), fifth-generation (5G), and beyond 5G services.
Unmanned aerial vehicles can also be exploited to serve as aerial maritime BSs.
Despite of all these approaches, there are still open issues for an efficient
maritime communication network (MCN). For example, due to the complicated
electromagnetic propagation environment, the limited geometrically available BS
sites, and rigorous service demands from mission-critical applications,
conventional communication and networking theories and methods should be
tailored for maritime scenarios. Towards this end, we provide a survey on the
demand for maritime communications, the state-of-the-art MCNs, and key
technologies for enhancing transmission efficiency, extending network coverage,
and provisioning maritime-specific services. Future challenges in developing an
environment-aware, service-driven, and integrated satellite-air-ground MCN to
be smart enough to utilize external auxiliary information, e.g., sea state and
atmosphere conditions, are also discussed
Examining an Information System to Support Maritime Traffic and Commerce: Research Opportunities for the IS Discipline
This paper introduces a comprehensive information system for supporting maritime traffic and commerce and explores the information systems related research opportunities associated with this system. The paper begins by reviewing the existing dominant technologies deployed in the maritime environment: VHF Radio, Radar and GPS. Next, the paper describes a comprehensive system called the Automated Identification Systems (AIS) that is being proposed by the maritime industry, military, government, and The International Maritime Organization. A deployment scenario highlights how such a system could have unintended consequences if not carefully designed and deployed. The paper concludes by briefly examining several information systems related research opportunities surrounding the design and deployment of the AIS. Given that little research is leading the design and deployment of the AIS, and given the critical role the worldwide maritime industry plays in commerce, this paper provides a foundation for others to begin the examination of this important area
ANGOLAN PORT INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE COMPETITIVENESS IN THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY
Africa has nine transit corridors, two intra-regional corridors and two main east-west corridors. Africa accounts for about 13% of the world´s population and includes 54 countries, of which 38 have coastline access along the continent´s 30,490 Km of coastline and 16 are landlocked. However, 90% of the volume of cargo between Africa and the world is transported by sea, which typifies the importance of port infrastructure in economic development. This research presents a comparative analysis of the port infrastructures in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) based on the weight capacity that the ports support, waiting time for ships in ports, the connection of infrastructure networks, the growth of GDP per capita and the entry of ships in the country during the year by type of cargo. Similarly, determinant factors of port infrastructure management were identified. The objective is to characterize the competitive position of Angolan’s port infrastructure in the SADC context. The results show that Angola’s port infrastructure is not the worst in SADC. However, the lack of good roads and railroads reduce its competitiveness in relation to Namibian and South African port infrastructure. JEL: R40; R41 Article visualizations
A Survey on UAV-Aided Maritime Communications: Deployment Considerations, Applications, and Future Challenges
Maritime activities represent a major domain of economic growth with several
emerging maritime Internet of Things use cases, such as smart ports, autonomous
navigation, and ocean monitoring systems. The major enabler for this exciting
ecosystem is the provision of broadband, low-delay, and reliable wireless
coverage to the ever-increasing number of vessels, buoys, platforms, sensors,
and actuators. Towards this end, the integration of unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAVs) in maritime communications introduces an aerial dimension to wireless
connectivity going above and beyond current deployments, which are mainly
relying on shore-based base stations with limited coverage and satellite links
with high latency. Considering the potential of UAV-aided wireless
communications, this survey presents the state-of-the-art in UAV-aided maritime
communications, which, in general, are based on both conventional optimization
and machine-learning-aided approaches. More specifically, relevant UAV-based
network architectures are discussed together with the role of their building
blocks. Then, physical-layer, resource management, and cloud/edge computing and
caching UAV-aided solutions in maritime environments are discussed and grouped
based on their performance targets. Moreover, as UAVs are characterized by
flexible deployment with high re-positioning capabilities, studies on UAV
trajectory optimization for maritime applications are thoroughly discussed. In
addition, aiming at shedding light on the current status of real-world
deployments, experimental studies on UAV-aided maritime communications are
presented and implementation details are given. Finally, several important open
issues in the area of UAV-aided maritime communications are given, related to
the integration of sixth generation (6G) advancements
Coastal high-frequency radars in the Mediterranean ??? Part 1: Status of operations and a framework for future development
Due to the semi-enclosed nature of the Mediterranean
Sea, natural disasters and anthropogenic activities impose
stronger pressures on its coastal ecosystems than in any
other sea of the world.With the aim of responding adequately
to science priorities and societal challenges, littoral waters
must be effectively monitored with high-frequency radar
(HFR) systems. This land-based remote sensing technology
can provide, in near-real time, fine-resolution maps of the
surface circulation over broad coastal areas, along with reliable
directional wave and wind information. The main goal
of this work is to showcase the current status of the Mediterranean
HFR network and the future roadmap for orchestrated
actions. Ongoing collaborative efforts and recent progress of
this regional alliance are not only described but also connected
with other European initiatives and global frameworks,
highlighting the advantages of this cost-effective instrument
for the multi-parameter monitoring of the sea state.
Coordinated endeavors between HFR operators from different
multi-disciplinary institutions are mandatory to reach a
mature stage at both national and regional levels, striving to
do the following: (i) harmonize deployment and maintenance
practices; (ii) standardize data, metadata, and quality control
procedures; (iii) centralize data management, visualization,
and access platforms; and (iv) develop practical applications
of societal benefit that can be used for strategic planning and
informed decision-making in the Mediterranean marine environment.
Such fit-for-purpose applications can serve for
search and rescue operations, safe vessel navigation, tracking
of marine pollutants, the monitoring of extreme events,
the investigation of transport processes, and the connectivity
between offshore waters and coastal ecosystems. Finally, future
prospects within the Mediterranean framework are discussed
along with a wealth of socioeconomic, technical, and
scientific challenges to be faced during the implementatio
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