Women and leadership working paper series: Paper no. 9: The dual-career phenomenon: Employer awareness and responses

Over the past thirty years, Western industrialised nations have witnessed major changes in their labour force characteristics. Of particular significance has been the steady increase of women in the paid workforce. Equal employment opportunity legislation, higher educational achievements and increasing numbers of female role models have fuelled women\u27s career possibilities and aspirations. Consequently, growing numbers of women are pursuing longer-term careers, often through the ranks of management. A career implies a longer term developmental occupation or profession, with a sequence of connections and networks over time, although this does not preclude lateral or downward moves or temporary withdrawals, in response to changed organisational and personal circumstances

Aspects of Career Management and Success in Educational Organizations

A modern educational institution should create the necessary conditions for the integration and development of the personal and professional competences of the teachers in order to obtain a successful career. In the current context of the educational system in the Republic of Moldova and Romania, the capitalization of human resources is a priority objective of the managers of educational institutions. The difficulties they face, the constantly changing educational reforms, the unpredictable and challenging situations are known partially or impartially theoretically and practically by teachers who are beginning to integrate into the institution, and the process of insertion from educational institutions is often not effective. We will analyse the characteristics of a successful career but also the motivation for achievement as an important component of the professionalization process, teachers thus tending to pursue challenging careers, complex enough, but not so difficult as to end in failure. Therefore, if professional motivation is an important endeavor, because it starts from the idea that a large part of everyone's life spends at work, performance denotes the achievement and ability of the teacher to respond to tasks and to be a model for those in the organization when it comes to involvement and responsibility

BASES: Large-scale Web Search User Simulation with Large Language Model based Agents

Due to the excellent capacities of large language models (LLMs), it becomes feasible to develop LLM-based agents for reliable user simulation. Considering the scarcity and limit (e.g., privacy issues) of real user data, in this paper, we conduct large-scale user simulation for web search, to improve the analysis and modeling of user search behavior. Specially, we propose BASES, a novel user simulation framework with LLM-based agents, designed to facilitate comprehensive simulations of web search user behaviors. Our simulation framework can generate unique user profiles at scale, which subsequently leads to diverse search behaviors. To demonstrate the effectiveness of BASES, we conduct evaluation experiments based on two human benchmarks in both Chinese and English, demonstrating that BASES can effectively simulate large-scale human-like search behaviors. To further accommodate the research on web search, we develop WARRIORS, a new large-scale dataset encompassing web search user behaviors, including both Chinese and English versions, which can greatly bolster research in the field of information retrieval. Our code and data will be publicly released soon

“It’s not all it’s cracked up to be”: Narratives of promotions in elite professional careers

How do organizational decision-makers and promotion candidates experience promotions in elite professional careers? Despite literature recognizing that promotions are important career events for organizations and individuals, this question has received little scholarly attention. Drawing on a narrative approach and combining spoken and visual accounts, this article examines how organizational decision-makers and promotion candidates experience the promotion to partnership in law firms. Our study reveals four narratives that illustrate important differences and similarities in their accounts. In the official script, organizational decision-makers uniformly recounted promotions in a detached way, emphasizing objective meanings of career success. In contrast, promotion candidates’ accounts were varied, ranging from joy and anticipation in walk in the park, to anger and frustration in dark art to anxiety and ambivalence in bittersweet narratives. The study makes three contributions to the literature on promotions. First, we develop an emotion-based understanding of promotions suggesting that promotions are constructed through people’s lived emotional experiences that inform their meaning making of the new role. Second, we argue that promotions are not always positive career events, but potentially contradictory and negative. Third, we contribute to extant research on promotions that has favoured quantitative methodologies by adopting a multimodal approach.</p

Genius in Bondage: Literature of the Early Black Atlantic

Until fairly recently, critical studies and anthologies of African American literature generally began with the 1830s and 1840s. Yet there was an active and lively transatlantic black literary tradition as early as the 1760s. Genius in Bondage situates this literature in its own historical terms, rather than treating it as a sort of prologue to later African American writings. The contributors address the shifting meanings of race and gender during this period, explore how black identity was cultivated within a capitalist economy, discuss the impact of Christian religion and the Enlightenment on definitions of freedom and liberty, and identify ways in which black literature both engaged with and rebelled against Anglo-American culture. This is an excellent, indeed a monumental collection of essays, one that will set the standard for scholarship in eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century Black Atlantic studies for years to come. —Adam Potkay A reminder that literature is a complex language because, regardless of condition, circumstance, class, or colour, people are endowed with genuine feelings and complicated thoughts that make up the human experience. —Dalhousie Review By introducing new texts and offering new perspectives on early Black writers, Genius in Bondage confirms the vigor of early Black Atlantic studies and the genius of the literature it represents. —Early American Literature Moves us back in time and significantly beyond the constraints of analysis rooted in the search for the origins of a unique African American literary tradition. Students will ignore eighteenth-century black autobiography at their peril. —Journal of American History This superb collection on the range of early black literary activity constitutes cutting-edge scholarship. . . . A work of enormous significance. —Kathryn Zabelle Derounian-Stodalahttps://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_english_language_and_literature_british_isles/1075/thumbnail.jp

"Hispano-Lusophone" community media : identity, cultural politics and difference

In recent years, the issue of identity has been the subject of an intensive analysis across different fields and disciplines. Indeed, in an era of accelerated social and technological changes under the phenomenon of globalization, with the rapid internationalization and expansion of urban centres across the world, this is of little surprise. According to Lyotard (2006), these sweeping changes have set a crucial moment in a much longer process of displacement, through which dominant narratives, traditions and structures have progressively lost their historic power. As a part of this social reconfiguration, institutions have dematerialized, while beliefs, traditions and cultural practices have gained flexibility through rapid and frequent changes. In such a context, we witness the advent of a new subject, whose identity is no longer fixed, as well as the development of new forms of inequality, as it all converges to modify the contemporary social and political landscape. In these terms, Arjun Appadurai (1996) uses the expression "global cultural economy" to describe the myriad of cultural meeting points and flows underpinning this new modern, globalized world. As the author explains, "the new global cultural economy has to be seen as a complex, overlapping, disjunctive order that cannot any longer be understood in terms of existing centre-periphery models" (Appadurai, 1996:32). Indeed, the ongoing renegotiation and traversal of traditional borders point towards a multiplicity of new, non-monolithic membership forms: collectivities in which the local and the global, as experiential entities, are intimately intertwined (Featherstone & Lash, 2002). With this in mind, we have operationalized the concept of 'multi-territoriality' as a guide for this book. Such an expression, initially proposed by Haesbaert (1994) but further developed by Augé (1995), Albagli and Maciel (2010), refers to the intensification of multiple territorial re-imaginings and repossessions. In this context, displacement does not mean the abandonment of already established territorial references, but rather the addition of new references, which come together to form a complex matrix of feelings of belonging and ownership, towards a multiplicity of places and spaces. The intense flow of people and information appears pivotal to this panorama. Hence, the proliferation of 'differences' establishes a strategic space for intervention, which goes beyond and onto a broader, non-universalizing understanding of culture. In this process, the differences and experiences are taken into consideration, creating the basic conditions for societies to be transformed and improved. One of the most notable consequences of these shifts is the current social reconfiguration, with the consequent surfacing of groups that were previously marginalized. Indeed, these groups find themselves now able to capitalize on new flows of information, communication and expertise. Consequently, novel social categories and relations of belonging are forged, extending both within and across national boundaries (Santos & Rodríguez, 2003). Inspired by the idea of 'territory' as a cultural construct, created, contested and transformed in various ways by media technologies (Canclini, 2001; Appadurai, 2001; Haesbaert, 1994), the works collected in this edition span and explore several of the community media projects, parts of a 'space'1 named the 'Hispano-Lusophone' sphere. By mapping and exploring the creative and intellectual production in the context of the Hispano-Lusophone imaginary, this project consciously endeavours to disarm and overturn certain cultural and raced hierarchies within the global knowledge production. Its authors come from a large array of professional backgrounds: they have worked intensively to overcome the significant linguistic and geographical barriers to intellectual collaboration. In this respect, the authors draw into critical examination the established frontiers of knowledge production, as well as the main agents and processes that create and legitimate those borders

Beginning a teaching career: Contradictions and alienations

 The teacher attrition at the beginning of the teaching career has aggravated the shortage of teachers in some countries. We carried out a case study of a novice physics teacher working in two Brazilian schools. Based on the Cultural-Historical Activity Theory, we analyzed the contradictions that emerged and how they transformed his teaching activity. The analysis indicates that the central contradiction, which emerged from how the capitalist modes of educational work are structured, determined an increasing teacher's work alienation, reinforcing his fear of losing his job. </p

Social roles of a career woman in the context of family partnership

Straipsnyje aptariama šeiminės partnerystės formų diversifikacija,šeimos / karjeros priešstatos, siejamos su įtampa vaidmenyse. Veiklios moters šeiminės partnerystės kontekste tyrimo teoriniai metodologiniai aspektai yra nagrinėjami simbolinio interakcionizmo struktūrinėje prieigoje parodant naujas veiklios moters sociologinio tyrimo galimybes. Tyrinėjami lūkesčiai, priskiriami veiklios moters statusui: kuo daugiau atliekama vienalaikių vaidmenų, tuo didesnis vaidmens konfliktas. Autorės išskirtas empirinio tyrimo modelis taikomas analizuojant lietuviškuose spaudos žurnaluose pateikiamą veiklios moters portretą jos vaidmenų suderinamumo požiūriu. Nustatyta, jog moters socialiniai vaidmenys grindžiami šeimos ir karjeros kategorijomis, kurios pateikiamos per vaidmenų suderinamumo ir vaidmens įtampos prizmes. Veikli moteris pristatoma kaip reflektuojanti tradicinius motinos, žmonos, namų šeimininkės vaidmenis bei susidurianti su vaidmenų derinimo problema. Daroma išvada, jog didesnė moters atliekamų vaidmenų įvairovė sąlygoja stipresnę vaidmens įtampą tarpasmeninių santykių kontekste.This article disputes theories that question the diversification of family partnership and the role of strain related to family / career contradictions. Theoretical methodological aspects of the survey of a career woman in family partnership are discussed according to the structural approach of symbolic interactionism, thus introducing new possibilities of sociological survey of a career woman. Expectations regarding the status and roles of a career woman are explored: the greater the diversification of simultaneous roles, the greater their conflict. The empirical model of the survey is applied in investigating the picture of a career woman in terms of her roles’ compatibility presented in Lithuanian mass media. It is shown that the social roles of a career woman are based on the categories of family and career, to which the competitive model is applied, which is given through the prisms of role compatibility and role strain. The career woman is presented as reflecting traditional roles of mother, wife and housewife in her own way and facing the problem of role compatibility as well. The conclusion is that the wider variety of roles performed by woman determines the greater role strain in the context of her interpersonal relations