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E-strategy in the UK retail grocery sector
After a decade of Internet trading, retailers in the UK have experienced mixed fortunes with their Internet-based ventures. Online shopping success stories include; Tescoâs, which has positioned itself as a world leader in online grocery retailing by providing an Internet-based home delivery of over 40,000 products and making the service available to almost 95 per cent of UK residents. Similarly, Sainsburyâs offers 71% per cent of UK residents the opportunity to shop online however the company does not have the same international recognition. Waitrose too has expanded its Internet-based shopping services, aided by its acquisitions in OCADO. By contrast, Somerfield, and more recently Iceland have stopped their Internet shopping operations due to poor trading results and economic difficulties, despite the fact that Iceland was the first grocery retailer to offer online shopping to the majority of the UK mainland. The key aims of this paper are to explore how major grocery retailers coming to the one line market; to consider why some are more successful than others and to develop an understanding of the role of strategic thinking in online retailing. More specifically, the paper will initially, investigate the strategic options open to retailers developing activities online and finally, discuss the extent to which e-strategies represent a long-term approach to planning. The paper presents a literature review, which provides the conceptual foundations for investigation of the significance of e-strategy development within retailing. This model is then compared with evidence from secondary data sources and business results from leading UK grocery retailers in order to debate and analyse the likely importance of e-strategies in the success of online grocery retailing in the UK
Data Mining in Electronic Commerce
Modern business is rushing toward e-commerce. If the transition is done
properly, it enables better management, new services, lower transaction costs
and better customer relations. Success depends on skilled information
technologists, among whom are statisticians. This paper focuses on some of the
contributions that statisticians are making to help change the business world,
especially through the development and application of data mining methods. This
is a very large area, and the topics we cover are chosen to avoid overlap with
other papers in this special issue, as well as to respect the limitations of
our expertise. Inevitably, electronic commerce has raised and is raising fresh
research problems in a very wide range of statistical areas, and we try to
emphasize those challenges.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/088342306000000204 in the
Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
The distance selling directive: consumer champion or complete irrelevance?
This paper investigates the origins, significant content, UK and EU implementation and outcomes of Directive 97/7/EC on distance selling, hereafter referred to as the Distance Selling Directive (DSD). The DSD has been implemented in national legislation by all EU Member States. In the UK this legislation was the Consumer Protection (Distance Selling) Regulations 2000 (SI 2000 No. 2334), hereafter referred to as the CPDSR
INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS ON POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAM IN THE SOCIETY: A CASE STUDY OF NATIONAL PROGRAM FOR COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT OF INDEPENDENT URBAN (PNPM-MP) IN SEMARANG, INDONESIA
Institutional PNPM-MP in Semarang put poverty alleviation as the main priority of the empowerment-based development policy. The strategy developed is to synergize government agencies with community institutions built by PNPM-MP program at the village and base level, that is, Community Institutional Agency (BKM) and the Community Self-Reliance Group (KSM). The problem studied in this research is: How does PNPM-MP institutional in society involve in poverty reduction, with the aim of describing and analyzing institutional programs in the community. The research approach used phenomenological qualitative, by conducting interviews, observation, focus group discussion to obtain data from informants (BKM / KSM). Informants include two BKM and ten KSM which is purposively selected (deliberately) from two villages in two districts. The analysis was performed interactively, that is, analysis techniques which are integral cycle among data collection, data reduction, data performance and conclusion withdrawal. Research conclusion: PNPM-MP institutional at the village and base level (BKM / KSM) has not been able to be a driving force in poverty reduction and is still seen by the community as a program requirement, not institutionalized on both horizontal and vertical level. Recommendation for the research result is that it needed awareness that poverty reduction requires a synergy between government agencies and community agencies embodied in the development planning of one village one planning
The strategic use of business method patents: a pilot study of out of court settlements
A patent is an exclusive right preventing the use or exploitation of an invention by others than the owner of the patent. A patent can be accurately described as a statutory monopoly within the scope and the jurisdiction of its grant. Proprietary positions in electronic commerce are particularly critical because of the low barriers to entry in the digital environment, and the huge potential value buried in reengineering supply chains and direct retailing services
The assessment of usability of electronic shopping: A heuristic evaluation
Today there are thousands of electronic shops accessible via the Web. Some provide user-friendly features whilst others seem not to consider usability factors at all. Yet, it is critical that the electronic shopping interface is user-friendly so as to help users to obtain their desired results. This study applied heuristic evaluation to examine the usability of current electronic shopping. In particular, it focused on four UK-based supermarkets offering electronic services: including ASDA, Iceland, Sainsbury, and Tesco. The evaluation consists of two stages: a free-flow inspection and a task-based inspection. The results indicate that the most significant and common usability problems have been found to lie within the areas of âUser Control and Freedomâ and âHelp and Documentationâ. The findings of this study are applied to develop a set of usability guidelines to support the future design of effective interfaces for electronic shopping
Encryptionâs Importance to Economic and Infrastructure Security
Det övergripande syftet med den hĂ€r avhandlingen var att utreda om network coopetition, samarbete mellan konkurrerande aktörer, kan öka vĂ€rdeskapandet inom hĂ€lso- och sjukvĂ„rden. Inom hĂ€lso- och sjukvĂ„rden Ă€r network coopetition ett Ă€mne som fĂ„tt liten uppmĂ€rksamhet i tidigare studier. För att besvara syftet utvecklades en modell för network coopetition inom hĂ€lso- och sjukvĂ„rden. Modellen applicerades sedan pĂ„ en del av vĂ„rdkedjan för patienter i behov av neurokirurgisk vĂ„rd. Resultaten frĂ„n avhandlingen visar att: (1) FörutsĂ€ttningarna för network coopetition i vĂ„rdkedjan för patienter i behov av neurokirurgisk vĂ„rd Ă€r uppfyllda. (2) Det finns exempel pĂ„ horisontell network coopetition i den studerade vĂ„rdkedjan. (3) Det existerar en diskrepans mellan hur aktörerna ser pĂ„Â sitt eget och de andra aktörernas vĂ€rdeskapande. (4) VĂ€rdeskapandet bör utvĂ€rderas som ett gemensamt system dĂ€r hĂ€nsyn tas till alla aktörer och utvĂ€rderas pĂ„ process- nivĂ„ dĂ€r hĂ€nsyn tas till alla intressenter. Dessa resultat leder fram till den övergripande slutsatsen Ă€r att network coopetition bör kunna öka vĂ€rdeskapandet för högspecialiserade vĂ„rdkedjor med en stor andel inomlĂ€nspatienter.The overall purpose of this thesis was to investigate whether network coopetition, cooperation between competitive actors, can increase the value creation within the health care system. Within health care, network coopetition is a subject granted little attention in previous research. To fulfil the purpose a model for network coopetition within the health care system was developed. The model was the applied to one part of the chain of care for patients in need of neurosurgery. The results from this thesis show: (1) The conditions for network coopetition in the chain of care for patients in need of neurosurgery are fulfilled. (2) Examples of horizontal network coopetition have been found in the studied chain of care. (3) There is an existing discrepancy between how each actor recognizes its own and the other actorsâ value creation. (4) The value creation ought to be evaluated as a common system where all actors are taken into account and at a process level where all stakeholders are considered. These results supports the final conclusion that network coopetition ought to be able to increase the value creation for highly specialized chain of cares with a large share of within-county patients
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