Internal Structure Evaluation on the Indonesian Version of Psychological Well-Being Scales

The purpose of this research is to examine the internal structure of the Indonesian version of the Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWBS). This is a quantitative and cross-sectional research with the convenience sampling method used to obtain data from 1,337 students. The validity of the PWBS internal structure is evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and composite reliability. The results showed that the Indonesian version of the 42-item PWBS and the 18-item PWBS do not have a satisfactory factor structure and internal consistency. Instead, it has few items that can accurately measure the concept of psychological well-being and are less able to represent the concept proposed by Ryff (1989). However, this research is not the only evidence that the Indonesian version of the PWBS cannot be used to measure psychological well-being

A Web-Based Self-help Intervention for Coping With the Loss of a Partner: Protocol for Randomized Controlled Trials in 3 Countries.

BACKGROUND The death of a partner is a critical life event in later life, which requires grief work as well as the development of a new perspective for the future. Cognitive behavioral web-based self-help interventions for coping with prolonged grief have established their efficacy in decreasing symptoms of grief, depression, and loneliness. However, no study has tested the efficacy for reducing grief after losses occurring less than 6 months ago and the role of self-tailoring of the content. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and acceptance of a web-based self-help intervention to support the grief process of older adults who have lost their partner. It will compare the outcomes, adherence, and working alliance in a standardized format with those in a self-tailored delivery format and investigate the effects of age, time since loss, and severity of grief at baseline as predictors. Focus groups to understand user experience and a cost-effectiveness analysis will complement the study. METHODS The study includes 3 different randomized control trials. The trial in Switzerland comprises a waitlist control group and 2 active arms consisting of 2 delivery formats, standardized and self-tailored. In the Netherlands and in Portugal, the trials follow a 2-arm design that will be, respectively, complemented with focus groups on technology acceptance and cost-effectiveness analysis. The main target group will consist of adults aged >60 years from the general population in Switzerland (n≥85), the Netherlands (n≥40), and Portugal (n≥80) who lost their partner and seek help for coping with grief symptoms, psychological distress, and adaptation problems in daily life. The trials will test the intervention's clinical efficacy for reducing grief (primary outcome) and depression symptoms and loneliness (secondary outcomes) after the intervention. Measurements will take place at baseline (week 0), after the intervention (week 10), and at follow-up (week 20). RESULTS The trials started in March 2022 and are expected to end in December 2022 or when the needed sample size is achieved. The first results are expected by January 2023. CONCLUSIONS The trials will provide insights into the efficacy and acceptance of a web-based self-help intervention among older adults who have recently lost a partner. Results will extend the knowledge on the role of self-tailoring, working alliance, and satisfaction in the effects of the intervention. Finally, the study will suggest adaptations to improve the acceptance of web-based self-help interventions for older mourners and explore the cost-effectiveness of this intervention. Limitations include a self-selective sample and the lack of cross-cultural comparisons. TRIAL REGISTRATION Switzerland: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05280041; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05280041; Portugal: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05156346; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05156346. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/37827

Internal Structure Evaluation on the Indonesian Version of Psychological Well-Being Scales

The purpose of this research is to examine the internal structure of the Indonesian version of the Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWBS). This is a quantitative and cross-sectional research with the convenience sampling method used to obtain data from 1,337 students. The validity of the PWBS internal structure is evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and composite reliability. The results showed that the Indonesian version of the 42- item PWBS and the 18-item PWBS do not have a satisfactory factor structure and internal consistency. Instead, it has few items that can accurately measure the concept of psychological well-being and are less able to represent the concept proposed by Ryff (1989). However, this research is not the only evidence that the Indonesian version of the PWBS cannot be used to measure psychological well-being. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji struktur internal PWBS versi Indonesia. Digunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Partisipan sebanyak 1,337 mahasiswa yang direkrut dengan metode convenience sampling. Validitas struktur internal PWBS dievaluasi menggunakan analisis konfirmatori faktor, exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM), dan reliabilitas komposit. Hasil penelitian menemukan PWBS-42 item dan PWBS-18 item versi Indonesia tidak memiliki struktur faktor dan konsistensi internal memuaskan. PWBS versi Indonesia memiliki sedikit item yang dapat mengukur secara tepat konsep kesejahteraan psikologis pada sampel Indonesia. Temuan ini mengindikasikan PWBS versi Indonesia kurang dapat merepresentasikan konsep kesejahteraan psikologis yang dikemukakan Ryff (1989). Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini tidak dapat menjadi satu-satunya bukti bahwa PWBS versi Indonesia tidak dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kesejahteraan psikologis pada sampel Indonesia

Understanding the user experience of customer service chatbots: An experimental study of chatbot interaction design

Understanding the user experience of chatbots for customer service is essential to realize the potential of this technology. Such chatbots are typically designed for efficient and effective interactions, accentuating pragmatic quality, and there is a need to understand how to make these more pleasant and engaging, strengthening hedonic quality. One promising approach is to design for more humanlike chatbot interactions, that is, interactions resembling those of skilled customer service personnel. In a randomized experiment (n = 35) we investigated two chatbot interaction design features that may strengthen the impression of a humanlike character: (a) topic-led conversations, encouraging customer reflection, in contrast to task-led conversations, aiming for efficient goal completion, and (b) free text interaction, where users interact mainly using their own words, rather than button interaction, where users mainly interact through predefined answer alternatives. dependent variables were participant perceptions of anthropomorphism and social presence, two key concepts related to chatbot human likeness, in addition to pragmatic quality and hedonic quality. To further explore user perceptions of the interaction designs, the study also included semi-structured interviews. Topic-led conversations were found to strengthen anthropomorphism and hedonic quality. A similar effect was not found for free text interaction, reportedly due to lack in chatbot flexibility and adaptivity. Implications for theory and practice are suggested.publishedVersio

Ordinary user experiences at work: a study of greenhouse growers

We investigate professional greenhouse growers’ user experience (UX) when using climate-management systems in their daily work. We build on the literature on UX, in particular UX at work, and extend it to ordinary UX at work. In a ten-day diary study, we collected data with a general UX instrument (AttrakDiff), a domain-specific instrument, and interviews. We find that AttrakDiff is valid at work; its three-factor structure of pragmatic quality, hedonic identification quality, and hedonic stimulation quality is recognizable in the growers’ responses. In this paper, UX at work is understood as interactions among technology, tasks, structure, and actors. Our data support the recent proposal for the ordinariness of UX at work. We find that during continued use UX at work is middle-of-the-scale, remains largely constant over time, and varies little across use situations. For example, the largest slope of the four AttrakDiff constructs when regressed over the ten days was as small as 0.04. The findings contrast existing assumptions and findings in UX research, which is mainly about extraordinary and positive experiences. In this way, the present study contributes to UX research by calling attention to the mundane, unremarkable, and ordinary user experiences at work