906 research outputs found
The norm-1-property of a quantum observable
A normalized positive operator measure has the
norm-1-property if \no{E(X)}=1 whenever . This property reflects
the fact that the measurement outcome probabilities for the values of such
observables can be made arbitrary close to one with suitable state
preparations. Some general implications of the norm-1-property are
investigated. As case studies, localization observables, phase observables, and
phase space observables are considered.Comment: 14 page
Generalized Sums over Histories for Quantum Gravity I. Smooth Conifolds
This paper proposes to generalize the histories included in Euclidean
functional integrals from manifolds to a more general set of compact
topological spaces. This new set of spaces, called conifolds, includes
nonmanifold stationary points that arise naturally in a semiclasssical
evaluation of such integrals; additionally, it can be proven that sequences of
approximately Einstein manifolds and sequences of approximately Einstein
conifolds both converge to Einstein conifolds. Consequently, generalized
Euclidean functional integrals based on these conifold histories yield
semiclassical amplitudes for sequences of both manifold and conifold histories
that approach a stationary point of the Einstein action. Therefore sums over
conifold histories provide a useful and self-consistent starting point for
further study of topological effects in quantum gravity. Postscript figures
available via anonymous ftp at black-hole.physics.ubc.ca (137.82.43.40) in file
gen1.ps.Comment: 81pp., plain TeX, To appear in Nucl. Phys.
The intuitionistic temporal logic of dynamical systems
A dynamical system is a pair , where is a topological space and
is continuous. Kremer observed that the language of
propositional linear temporal logic can be interpreted over the class of
dynamical systems, giving rise to a natural intuitionistic temporal logic. We
introduce a variant of Kremer's logic, which we denote , and show
that it is decidable. We also show that minimality and Poincar\'e recurrence
are both expressible in the language of , thus providing a
decidable logic expressive enough to reason about non-trivial asymptotic
behavior in dynamical systems
Approximated Symbolic Computations over Hybrid Automata
Hybrid automata are a natural framework for modeling and analyzing systems
which exhibit a mixed discrete continuous behaviour. However, the standard
operational semantics defined over such models implicitly assume perfect
knowledge of the real systems and infinite precision measurements. Such
assumptions are not only unrealistic, but often lead to the construction of
misleading models. For these reasons we believe that it is necessary to
introduce more flexible semantics able to manage with noise, partial
information, and finite precision instruments. In particular, in this paper we
integrate in a single framework based on approximated semantics different over
and under-approximation techniques for hybrid automata. Our framework allows to
both compare, mix, and generalize such techniques obtaining different
approximated reachability algorithms.Comment: In Proceedings HAS 2013, arXiv:1308.490
A doubly exponential upper bound on noisy EPR states for binary games
This paper initiates the study of a class of entangled games, mono-state
games, denoted by , where is a two-player one-round game and
is a bipartite state independent of the game . In the mono-state game
, the players are only allowed to share arbitrary copies of .
This paper provides a doubly exponential upper bound on the copies of
for the players to approximate the value of the game to an arbitrarily small
constant precision for any mono-state binary game , if is a
noisy EPR state, which is a two-qubit state with completely mixed states as
marginals and maximal correlation less than . In particular, it includes
,
an EPR state with an arbitrary depolarizing noise .The structure of
the proofs is built the recent framework about the decidability of the
non-interactive simulation of joint distributions, which is completely
different from all previous optimization-based approaches or "Tsirelson's
problem"-based approaches. This paper develops a series of new techniques about
the Fourier analysis on matrix spaces and proves a quantum invariance principle
and a hypercontractive inequality of random operators. This novel approach
provides a new angle to study the decidability of the complexity class MIP,
a longstanding open problem in quantum complexity theory.Comment: The proof of Lemma C.9 is corrected. The presentation is improved.
Some typos are correcte
Knowability as continuity: a topological account of informational dependence
We study knowable informational dependence between empirical questions,
modeled as continuous functional dependence between variables in a topological
setting. We also investigate epistemic independence in topological terms and
show that it is compatible with functional (but non-continuous) dependence. We
then proceed to study a stronger notion of knowability based on uniformly
continuous dependence. On the technical logical side, we determine the complete
logics of languages that combine general functional dependence, continuous
dependence, and uniformly continuous dependence.Comment: 65 page
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