5,458 research outputs found
AI Solutions for MDS: Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Misuse Detection and Localisation in Telecommunication Environments
This report considers the application of Articial Intelligence (AI) techniques to
the problem of misuse detection and misuse localisation within telecommunications
environments. A broad survey of techniques is provided, that covers inter alia
rule based systems, model-based systems, case based reasoning, pattern matching,
clustering and feature extraction, articial neural networks, genetic algorithms, arti
cial immune systems, agent based systems, data mining and a variety of hybrid
approaches. The report then considers the central issue of event correlation, that
is at the heart of many misuse detection and localisation systems. The notion of
being able to infer misuse by the correlation of individual temporally distributed
events within a multiple data stream environment is explored, and a range of techniques,
covering model based approaches, `programmed' AI and machine learning
paradigms. It is found that, in general, correlation is best achieved via rule based approaches,
but that these suffer from a number of drawbacks, such as the difculty of
developing and maintaining an appropriate knowledge base, and the lack of ability
to generalise from known misuses to new unseen misuses. Two distinct approaches
are evident. One attempts to encode knowledge of known misuses, typically within
rules, and use this to screen events. This approach cannot generally detect misuses
for which it has not been programmed, i.e. it is prone to issuing false negatives.
The other attempts to `learn' the features of event patterns that constitute normal
behaviour, and, by observing patterns that do not match expected behaviour, detect
when a misuse has occurred. This approach is prone to issuing false positives,
i.e. inferring misuse from innocent patterns of behaviour that the system was not
trained to recognise. Contemporary approaches are seen to favour hybridisation,
often combining detection or localisation mechanisms for both abnormal and normal
behaviour, the former to capture known cases of misuse, the latter to capture
unknown cases. In some systems, these mechanisms even work together to update
each other to increase detection rates and lower false positive rates. It is concluded
that hybridisation offers the most promising future direction, but that a rule or state
based component is likely to remain, being the most natural approach to the correlation
of complex events. The challenge, then, is to mitigate the weaknesses of
canonical programmed systems such that learning, generalisation and adaptation
are more readily facilitated
New Directions in Data Analysis
In the next decade, high energy physicists will use very sophisticated
equipment to record unprecedented amounts of data in the hope of making major
advances in our understanding of particle phenomena. Some of the signals of new
physics will be small, and the use of advanced analysis techniques will be
crucial for optimizing signal to noise ratio. I will discuss new directions in
data analysis and some novel methods that could prove to be particularly
valuable for finding evidence of any new physics, for improving precision
measurements and for exploring parameter spaces of theoretical models.Comment: 5 pages, 1 Figure, Presented at DPF2000. Proceedings of the American
Physical Society DPF2000 Meeting, Columbus, Ohio, to be published in the
International Journal of Modern Physics
Computational intelligence approaches to robotics, automation, and control [Volume guest editors]
No abstract available
A frequency-based RF partial discharge detector for low-power wireless sensing
Partial discharge (PD) monitoring has been the subject of significant research in recent years, which has given rise to a range of well-established PD detection and measurement techniques, such as acoustic and RF, on which condition monitoring systems for highvoltage equipment have been based. This paper presents a novel approach to partial discharge monitoring by using a low-cost, low-power RF detector. The detector employs a frequency-based technique that can distinguish between multiple partial discharge events and other impulsive noise sources within a substation, tracking defect severity over time and providing information pertaining to plant health. The detector is designed to operate as part of a wireless condition monitoring network, removing the need for additional wiring to be installed into substations whilst still gaining the benefits of the RF technique. This novel approach to PD detection not only provides a low-cost solution to on-line partial discharge monitoring, but also presents a means to deploy wide-scale RF monitoring without the associated costs of wide-band monitoring systems
Are we at the dawn of quantum-gravity phenomenology?
A handful of recent papers has been devoted to proposals of experiments
capable of testing some candidate quantum-gravity phenomena. These lecture
notes emphasize those aspects that are most relevant to the questions that come
to mind when one is exposed for the first time to these research developments:
How come theory and experiments are finally meeting in spite of all the gloomy
forecasts that pervade traditional reviews? Is this a case of theorists having
put forward more and more speculative ideas until a point was reached at which
conventional experiments could rule out the proposed phenomena? Or has there
been such a remarkable improvement in experimental techniques and ideas that we
are now capable of testing plausible candidate quantum-gravity phenomena? These
questions are analysed rather carefully for the recent proposals of
interferometry-based tests and tests using observations of gamma rays of
astrophysical origin. I also briefly discuss other proposed experiments
(including tests of quantum-gravity-induced decoherence using the neutral-kaon
system and accelerator tests of models with large extra dimensions). The
emerging picture suggests that we are finally starting the exploration of a
large class of plausible quantum-gravity effects. However, our chances to
obtain positive (discovery) experimental results depend crucially on the
magnitude of these effects. In most cases the level of sensitivity that the
relevant experiments should achieve within a few years corresponds to effects
suppressed only linearly by the Planck length.Comment: 47 pages, Latex. Based on lectures given at the XXXV Karpacz Winter
School of Theoretical Physics "From Cosmology to Quantum Gravity", Polanica,
Poland, 2-12 February, 1999. To appear in the proceeding
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