Enaction-Based Artificial Intelligence: Toward Coevolution with Humans in the Loop

This article deals with the links between the enaction paradigm and artificial intelligence. Enaction is considered a metaphor for artificial intelligence, as a number of the notions which it deals with are deemed incompatible with the phenomenal field of the virtual. After explaining this stance, we shall review previous works regarding this issue in terms of artifical life and robotics. We shall focus on the lack of recognition of co-evolution at the heart of these approaches. We propose to explicitly integrate the evolution of the environment into our approach in order to refine the ontogenesis of the artificial system, and to compare it with the enaction paradigm. The growing complexity of the ontogenetic mechanisms to be activated can therefore be compensated by an interactive guidance system emanating from the environment. This proposition does not however resolve that of the relevance of the meaning created by the machine (sense-making). Such reflections lead us to integrate human interaction into this environment in order to construct relevant meaning in terms of participative artificial intelligence. This raises a number of questions with regards to setting up an enactive interaction. The article concludes by exploring a number of issues, thereby enabling us to associate current approaches with the principles of morphogenesis, guidance, the phenomenology of interactions and the use of minimal enactive interfaces in setting up experiments which will deal with the problem of artificial intelligence in a variety of enaction-based ways

Connections Between Products and Contexts. Key Drivers for the Design of a Product

According to the recent economic situation, the actual business model will not be sustainable for a long time. In this paper we want propose a design methodology, which leads the possibility to influence people behaviours through the products. The aim of this paper is to underline the role of the designer, as director of the process, in order to coordinate involved actors and actions. This approach suggests a result, namely a product, which uses the local resources preserving material and cultural tradition and furthermore understanding the relationships between the costumer and his territory. The link between the product and its context defines a "surplus value" which characterizes the design process as "sustainable". According to that, the final aim should be a "customised product" defined through a muldisciplinary approach, where the role of the designer is creating a dialogue among all the different actors involved in the definition of the produc

Ethical Marketing AI?A Structured Literature Review of the Ethical Challenges Posed by Artificial Intelligence in the Domains of Marketing and Consumer Behavior

With the increasing use of AI in marketing, ethical repercussions are beginning to emerge. From privacy issues, through discrimination of marginalized groups, to emergent systemic social distortions, AI is changing the marketing ethical landscape. In this paper we conduct a structured literature review of the emerging ethical issues posed by AI in the domains of marketing and consumer behavior. We identify three clusters of ethical issues (algorithm, society and existential) and map these to the marketing domains of systems, brands, and consumers. We conclude that the field of ethical marketing AI is still very much in its infancy, but such is the rate of development ethical marketing AI is likely to become important field for academics and practitioners alike

The Past, Present, and Future of Artificial Life

For millennia people have wondered what makes the living different from the non-living. Beginning in the mid-1980s, artificial life has studied living systems using a synthetic approach: build life in order to understand it better, be it by means of software, hardware, or wetware. This review provides a summary of the advances that led to the development of artificial life, its current research topics, and open problems and opportunities. We classify artificial life research into fourteen themes: origins of life, autonomy, self-organization, adaptation (including evolution, development, and learning), ecology, artificial societies, behavior, computational biology, artificial chemistries, information, living technology, art, and philosophy. Being interdisciplinary, artificial life seems to be losing its boundaries and merging with other fields

Connections Between Products and Contexts. Key Drivers for the Design of a Product

According to the recent economic situation, the actual business model will not be sustainable for a long time. In this paper we want propose a design methodology, which leads the possibility to influence people behaviours through the products. The aim of this paper is to underline the role of the designer, as director of the process, in order to coordinate involved actors and actions. This approach suggests a result, namely a product, which uses the local resources preserving material and cultural tradition and furthermore understanding the relationships between the costumer and his territory. The link between the product and its context defines a “surplus value” which characterizes the design process as “sustainable”. According to that, the final aim should be a “customised product” defined through a muldisciplinary approach, where the role of the designer is creating a dialogue among all the different actors involved in the definition of the product

Robotics and automation in the city: a research agenda

Globally cities are becoming experimental sites for new forms of robotic and automation technologies applied across a wide variety of sectors in multiple areas of economic and social life. As these innovations leave the laboratory and factory, this paper analyses how robotics and automation systems are being layered upon existing urban digital networks, extending the capabilities and capacities of human agency and infrastructure networks, and reshaping the city and citizen’s everyday experiences. To date, most work in this field has been speculative and isolated in nature. We set out a research agenda that goes beyond analysis of discrete applications and effects, to investigate how robotics and automation connect across urban domains and the implications for: differential urban geographies, the selective enhancement of individuals and collective management of infrastructures, the socio-spatial sorting of cities and the potential for responsible urban innovation