Diseño de una herramienta de asignación de actividades en áreas de servicio

El problema de la asignación de actividades se ve reflejado multidisciplinariamente en todos los ámbitos donde el trabajo cooperativo es requerido. El buen funcionamiento de una empresa, asociación, grupo o institución siempre dependerá de qué tan bien logradas estén las actividades planeadas con las cuales cumplen su razón de ser, puesto que la ineficiencia a la hora de asignar puede generar re procesos, pérdidas de tiempo, desperdicios, inutilización de recursos o insatisfacción del talento humano. En muchas ocasiones, la asignación de actividades es hecha aleatoriamente y desinformadamente generando un funcionamiento muy alejado del óptimo y repercutiendo en las metas o resultados esperados. El objetivo de asignar acertadamente las actividades puede variar desde la disminución en costos hasta incluso la mejora en la calidad del trabajo de la fuerza laboral. En el presente documento se propone el diseño de una herramienta de asignación de actividades en áreas de servicio con el propósito de disminuir significativamente la improductividad, ineficiencia e insatisfacción que conlleva la mala asignación de actividades utilizando técnicas o herramientas como heurísticas, meta heurísticas, algoritmos y modelaciones matemáticas. Como caso de estudio se escogió un grupo estudiantil por el servicio que brinda a una comunidad en específico. Al final, como objetivo, se pretende disminuir la máxima diferencia en los puntajes de desempeño individual de los miembros del grupo con el propósito de nivelar cargas de trabajo y lograr mejores resultados en sus metas.Ingeniero (a) IndustrialPregrad

A heuristic procedure to solve the project staffing problem with discrete time/resource trade-offs and personnel scheduling constraints

Highlights • Project staffing with discrete time/resource trade-offs and calendar constraints. • An iterated local search procedure is proposed. • Different problem decomposition techniques are applied. Abstract When scheduling projects under resource constraints, assumptions are typically made with respect to the resource availability and activities are planned each with its own duration and resource requirements. In resource scheduling, important assumptions are made with respect to the staffing requirements. Both problems are typically solved in a sequential manner leading to a suboptimal outcome. We integrate these two interrelated scheduling problems to determine the optimal personnel budget that minimises the overall cost. Integrating these problems increases the scheduling flexibility, which improves the overall performance. In addition, we consider some resource demand flexibility in this research as an activity can be performed in multiple modes. In this paper, we present an iterated local search procedure for the integrated multi-mode project scheduling and personnel staffing problem. Detailed computational experiments are presented to evaluate different decomposition heuristics and comparison is made with alternative optimisation techniques

An exact algorithm for an integrated project staffing problem with a homogeneous workforce

When scheduling projects under resource constraints, assumptions are typically made with respect to the resource availability. In resource scheduling problems important assumptions are made with respect to the resource requirements. As projects are typically labour intensive, the underlying (personnel) resource scheduling problems tend to be complex due to different rules and regulations. In this paper, we aim to integrate these two interrelated scheduling problems to minimise the overall cost. For that purpose, we propose an exact algorithm for the project staffing with resource scheduling constraints. Detailed computational experiments are presented to evaluate different branching rules and pruning strategies and to compare the proposed procedure with other optimisation techniques

An exact algorithm for an integrated project staffing problem with a homogeneous workforce

When scheduling projects under resource constraints, assumptions are typically made with respect to the resource availability. In resource scheduling problems important assumptions are made with respect to the resource requirements. As projects are typically labour intensive, the underlying (personnel) resource scheduling problems tend to be complex due to different rules and regulations. In this paper, we aim to integrate these two interrelated scheduling problems to minimise the overall cost. For that purpose, we propose an exact algorithm for the project staffing with resource scheduling constraints. Detailed computational experiments are presented to evaluate different branching rules and pruning strategies and to compare the proposed procedure with other optimisation techniques

Exploring A Project Management Dilemma: A Case Study Examining the Shortage of Qualified Project Personnel in a Four-Year Research University

Qualified individuals are an essential resource of project teams. A primary goal of the project manager is to ensure appropriate team members are hired to meet project objectives and stakeholder expectations. However, this is not always the case since a shortage of qualified project personnel seldom occurs, and prevents the project from being completed successfully. The project personnel shortage problem is prevalent in a four-year research university as inaccessibility to qualified individuals threatens the project deadline and delivery to sponsors. Research suggested these qualified individuals are recruited to provide scientific and technical expertise to academic projects. They possess knowledge and capabilities utilized in three dimensions of research, fundamental, applied and experimental scientific. Some results of their effort in these dimensions have produced theories, methods, algorithms, technology, equipment, instrument, mechanism, and systems. This study explored the reasons for the shortage of qualified project personnel and the actions of project managers relating to the shortage. The study utilized a qualitative methodology, along with a case study design to explore the problem, as experienced by project managers in a four-year research university in the Southeast. Findings revealed problems in the areas of compensation, leadership involvement, pipeline issues, project funding, and the need for adequate project planning. The implications of the findings were also examined, followed by recommendations to project stakeholders. As Christ cautioned his followers that before building a tower one must first consider the cost; likewise, project managers must carefully plan before execution of project resources, specifically qualified project personnel which are needed to achieve successful project completion

Short-Term Resource Allocation and Management

Almost all sectors of the economy, such as, government, healthcare, education, ship repair, construction, and manufacturing require project management. A key component of project management deals with scheduling of tasks such that limited resources are utilized in an effective manner. Current research on resource constrained project-scheduling has been classified as: a) Single project with single mode for various tasks, b) Single project with multiple task modes, c) Multiple projects with single task mode, and d) Multiple projects with multiple task modes.;This work extends the current multi-project, multi-mode scheduling techniques. The resources can be renewable, and non-renewable. In addition, it focuses on short term scheduling, that is, scheduling on an hourly, daily, or weekly basis. Long term scheduling assumes a stable system, that is, resources, priorities, and other constraints do no change during the scheduling period. In this research, short term scheduling assumes a dynamic system, that is, resources, priorities, and other constraints change over time.;A hybrid approach is proposed to address the dynamic nature of the problem. It is based on discrete event simulation and a set of empirical rules provided by the project manager. The project manager is assumed to be highly knowledgeable about the project. He/she is regarded as an integral part of the system. Such an approach is better suited to deal with real world scheduling. The proposed approach does not seek to provide a single optimum solution, instead, it generates a series of feasible solutions, along with the impact of each solution on schedule and cost.;Two project case studies dealing with finding an optimum solution were selected from the literature. The proposed technique was applied to the data set in these studies. In both cases the proposed approach found the optimum solution. The model was then applied to two additional problems to test the features that could not be tested on the dataset from the literature.;As for practical implications, the proposed approach enhances the decision making process, by providing more resource allocation flexibility, and results in improved solutions in terms of total project duration and cost. From an academic viewpoint, this research enriches the existing literature, as it provides an extension of the resource constrained project scheduling problems, a discrete event simulation and four cases studies which highlights relevant issues to model properly the complexity of real-life projects