SPSA-Based Tracking Method for Single-Channel-Receiver Array

A novel tracking method in the phased antenna array with a single-channel receiver for the moving signal source is presented in this paper. And the problems of the direction-of-arrival track and beamforming in the array system are converted to the power maximization of received signal in the free-interference conditions, which is different from the existing algorithms that maximize the signal to interference and noise ratio. The proposed tracking method reaches the global optimum rather than local by injecting the extra noise terms into the gradient estimation. The antenna beam can be steered to coincide with the direction of the moving source fast and accurately by perturbing the output of the phase shifters during motion, due to the high efficiency and easy implementation of the proposed beamforming algorithm based on the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA). Computer simulations verify that the proposed tracking scheme is robust and effective

Array of sensors: A spatiotemporal-state-space model for target trajectory tracking

In this paper, with the objective of tracking the trajectory of multiple mobile targets, a novel spatiotemporal-state-space model is introduced for an array of sensors distributed in space. Under the wideband assumption, the proposed model incorporates the array geometry in conjunction with crucial target parameters namely (i) ranges, (ii) directions, (iii) velocities and (iv) associated Doppler effects. Computer simulation studies show some representative examples where the proposed model is utilised to track the locations of sources in space with a very high accuracy

Localization and tracking of electronic devices with their unintended emissions

The precise localization and tracking of electronic devices via their unintended emissions has a broad range of commercial and security applications. Active stimulation of the receivers of such devices with a known signal generates very low power unintended emissions. This dissertation presents localization and tracking of multiple devices using both simulation and experimental data in the form of five papers. First the localization of multiple emitting devices through active stimulation under multipath fading with a Smooth MUSIC based scheme in the near field region is presented. Spatial smoothing helps to separate the correlated sources and the multipath fading and results confirm improved accuracy. A cost effective near-field localization method is proposed next to locate multiple correlated unintended emitting devices under colored noise conditions using two well separated antenna arrays since colored noise in the environment degrades the subspace-based localization techniques. Subsequently, in order to track moving sources, a near-field scheme by using array output is introduced to monitor direction of arrival (DOA) and the distance between the antenna array and the moving source. The array output, which is a nonlinear function of DOA and distance information, is employed in the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). In order to show the near- and far-field effect on estimation accuracy, computer simulation results are included for localization and tracking techniques. Finally, an L-shaped array is constructed and a suite of schemes are introduced for localization and tracking of such devices in the three-dimensional environment. Experimental results for localization and tracking of unintended emissions from single and multiple devices in the near-field environment of an antenna array are demonstrated --Abstract, page iv

Computationally Efficient DOA Tracking Algorithm in Monostatic MIMO Radar with Automatic Association

We consider the problem of tracking the direction of arrivals (DOA) of multiple moving targets in monostatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar. A low-complexity DOA tracking algorithm in monostatic MIMO radar is proposed. The proposed algorithm obtains DOA estimation via the difference between previous and current covariance matrix of the reduced-dimension transformation signal, and it reduces the computational complexity and realizes automatic association in DOA tracking. Error analysis and Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of DOA tracking are derived in the paper. The proposed algorithm not only can be regarded as an extension of array-signal-processing DOA tracking algorithm in (Zhang et al. (2008)), but also is an improved version of the DOA tracking algorithm in (Zhang et al. (2008)). Furthermore, the proposed algorithm has better DOA tracking performance than the DOA tracking algorithm in (Zhang et al. (2008)). The simulation results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Our work provides the technical support for the practical application of MIMO radar

Performance Evaluation of Target Trajectory and Angular Position Discovery Methods in Wireless Sensor Networks

In sensor networks Target Tracking defines how accurate a targets position can be measured. We consider both stationary target and mobile target. Since the mobile target is unknown, the mobile sensor controller utilizes the measurement collected by a wireless sensor network in terms of the mobile target signal2019;s time of arrival (TOA).We proposed time of arrival2 (TOA2) algorithms which consider time to live (TTL). We investigate the correlations and sensitivity from a set of system parameters. We derive the minimum number of mobile sensors that are required to maintain the resolution for target tracking in a mobile sensor network (MSN).The simulation results demonstrate the tracking performance can be improved by an order of magnitude with the same number of sensors when compared with that of the static sensor environment