6 research outputs found

    Actualitzaci贸 consistent de bases de dades deductives

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    En aquesta tesi, proposem un nou m猫tode per a l'actualitzaci贸 consistent de bases de dades deductives. Donada una petici贸 d'actualitzaci贸, aquest m猫tode tradueix de forma autom脿tica aquesta petici贸 en el conjunt de totes les possibles formes d'actualitzar la base de dades extensional de forma que la petici贸 sigui satisfeta i que no es violi cap restricci贸 d'integritat. Aquest nostre m猫tode est脿 basat en un conjunt de regles que defineixen la difer猫ncia entre dos estats consecutius de la base de dades. Aquesta difer猫ncia es determina definint expl铆citament les insercions, esborrats i les modificacions que es poden induir com a conseq眉猫ncia de l'aplicaci贸 d'una actualitzaci贸 a la base de dades. El m猫tode est脿 basat en una extensi贸 del procediment de resoluci贸 SLDNF. Sigui D una base de dades deductiva, A(D) la base de dades augmentada associada, U una petici贸 inicial d'actualitzaci贸 i T un conjunt d'actualitzacions de fets b脿sics. Direm que el conjunt T satisf脿 la petici贸 d'actualitzaci贸 U i no viola cap restricci贸 d'integritat de D si, utilitzant la resoluci贸 SLDNF, l'objectiu  U  卢Ic t茅 猫xit amb el conjunt d'entrada A(D)  T. Aix铆 doncs, el m猫tode consistir脿 en fer tenir 猫xit a les derivacions SLDNF fracassades. Per a fer-ho, s'inclouran al conjunt T aquelles actualitzacions de fets b脿sics que cal realitzar per tal de que la derivaci贸 assoleixi l'猫xit. Les diferent formes com es pot assolir aquest 猫xit es corresponen a les diferents solucions a la petici贸 d'actualitzaci贸 U. El m猫tode proposat es demostra que 茅s correcte i complet. En aquest sentit, es garanteix que donada una petici贸 d'actualitzaci贸 U, el m猫tode obt茅 totes les possibles formes de satisfer aquesta petici贸 i que, a la vegada, se satisfacin les restriccions d'integritat definides a la base de dades. A difer猫ncia d'altres m猫todes, el nostre gestiona les modificacions de fets com un nou tipus d'actualitzaci贸 b脿sic. Aquest nou tipus d'actualitzaci贸, junt amb la demostraci贸 de correctesa i completesa, 茅s una de les principals aportacions del nostre m猫tode respecte els m猫todes apareguts recentment. La segona gran aportaci贸 del nostre m猫tode 茅s el fet d'utilitzar t猫cniques per a millorar l'efici猫ncia del proc茅s de traducci贸 de vistes i del proc茅s de manteniment de restriccions d'integritat. Per a millorar l'efici猫ncia del proc茅s de manteniment de restriccions d'integritat, proposem una t猫cnica per a determinar l'ordre en qu猫 cal comprovar les restriccions d'integritat. Aquesta t猫cnica est脿 basada en la generaci贸 en temps de compilaci贸 del anomenat Graf de Preced猫ncies, el qual estableix les relacions entre violadors i reparadors potencials d'aquestes restriccions. Aquest Graf 茅s utilitzat en temps d'execuci贸 per a determinar l'ordre en qu猫 es comproven i reparen les restriccions d'integritat. Aquest ordre redueix el nombre de vegades que cada restricci贸 d'integritat ha de ser comprovada (i reparada) despr茅s de reparar qualsevol altre restricci贸. Per a millorar l'efici猫ncia del proc茅s d'actualitzaci贸 de vistes, proposem fer una an脿lisi de la petici贸 d'actualitzaci贸, del contingut de la base de dades i de les regles de la base de dades augmentada abans d'iniciar la traducci贸 de la petici贸 d'actualitzaci贸 U. Aquesta an脿lisi t茅 com a objectiu el minimitzar el nombre d'accessos al contingut de base de dades que cal realitzar per a traduir la petici贸 d'actualitzaci贸, i per altra banda, aquesta an脿lisi tamb茅 ha de permetre determinar quines alternatives no podran donar lloc a una traducci贸 v脿lida a la petici贸 U, permetent aix铆, considerar 煤nicament aquelles alternatives que s铆 proporcionaran una traducci贸 v脿lida a U.Deductive databases generalize relational databases by including not only base facts and integrity constraints, but also deductive rules. Several problems may arise when a deductive database is updated. The problems that are addressed in this thesis are those of integrity maintenance and view updating. Integrity maintenance is aimed to ensure that, after a database update, integrity constraints remain satisfied. When these integrity constraints are violated by some update, such violations must be repaired by performing additional updates. The second problem we deal with is view updating. In a deductive database, derived facts are not explicitly stored into the database and they are deduced from base facts using deductive rules. Therefore, requests to update view (or derived) facts must be appropriately translated into correct updates of the underlying base facts. There is a close relationship between updating a deductive database and maintaining integrity constraints because, in general, integrity constraints can only be violated when performing an update. For instance, updates of base facts obtained as a result of view updating could violate some integrity constraint. On the other hand, to repair an integrity constraint could require to solve the view update problem when integrity constraint may be defined by some derived predicate.In this thesis, we propose a method that deals satisfactorily and efficiently with both problems in an integrated way. In this sense, given an update request, our method automatically translates it into all possible ways of changing the extensional database such that the update request is satisfied and no integrity constraint is violated. Concretely, we formally define the proposed method and we prove its soundness and completeness. The method is sound and complete in the sense that it provides all possible ways to satisfy an update request and that each provided solution satisfies the update request and does not violate any integrity constraint. Moreover, to compare how our method extends previous work in the area, we have proposed a general framework that allows us to classify and to compare previous research in the field of view updating and integrity constraint maintenance. This framework is based on taking into account five relevant dimensions that participate into this process, i.e. the kind of update requests, the database schema considered, the problem addressed, the solutions obtained and the technique used to obtain these solutions. Efficiency issues are also addressed in our approach, either for integrity maintenance as well as for view updating.To perform integrity maintenance efficiently, we propose a technique for determining the order in which integrity constraints should be handled. This technique is based on the generation at compile time of a graph, the Precedence Graph, which states the relationships between potential violations and potential repairs of integrity constraints. This graph is used at run-time to determine the proper order to check and repair integrity constraints. This order reduces significantly the number of times that each integrity constraint needs to be reconsidered after any integrity constraint repair. To improve efficiency during view updating, we propose to perform an initial analysis of the update request, the database contents and the rules of the database. The purpose of this analysis is to minimize the number of accesses to the base facts needed to translate a view update request and to explore only relevant alternatives that may lead to valid solutions of the update request. Furthermore, a detailed comparison with respect to some methods for integrity maintenance that consider efficiency issues is also provided, showing several contributions of our approach

    A Review of integrity constraint maintenance and view updating techniques

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    Two interrelated problems may arise when updating a database. On one hand, when an update is applied to the database, integrity constraints may become violated. In such case, the integrity constraint maintenance approach tries to obtain additional updates to keep integrity constraints satisfied. On the other hand, when updates of derived or view facts are requested, a view updating mechanism must be applied to translate the update request into correct updates of the underlying base facts. This survey reviews the research performed on integrity constraint maintenance and view updating. It is proposed a general framework to classify and to compare methods that tackle integrity constraint maintenance and/or view updating. Then, we analyze some of these methods in more detail to identify their actual contribution and the main limitations they may present.Postprint (published version

    Query containment checking as a view updating problem

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    In this paper we present a new approach that handles query containment problems by expressing them as a view updating problem. Since this approach is independent of any particular view updating method, it provides a general framework that joins research efforts in both the query containment checking and view updating fields. In particular, the larger development of current view updating technology allows us to check properly query containment when considering negative-derived literals or integrity constraints. Existing methods for query containment checking that deal with these cases do not check actually containment but another related property called uniform containment, which is a sufficient but not necessary condition for containment. Therefore, an important outcome of our proposal is that, to the best of our knowledge, it is the first approach that checks true query containment instead of uniform query containment in the presence of negation and integrity constraints.Postprint (published version

    Analysing the process of enforcing integrity constraints

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    Two different approaches have been traditionally considered for dealing with the process of integrity constraints enforcement: integrity constraints checking and integrity constraints maintenance. However, while previous research in the first approach has mainly addressed efficiency issues, research in the second approach has been mainly concentrated in being able to generate all possible repairs that falsify an integrity constraint violation. Moreover, the methods proposed up to date are only concerned with handling one of the approaches in an isolated manner, without taking into account the strong relationship between the problems to be solved in both cases. In this paper we address efficiency issues during the process of integrity constraints maintenance. In this sense, we propose a technique which improves efficiency of existing methods by defining the order in which maintenance of integrity constraints should be performed. Moreover, we use also this technique for being able to handle in an integrated way the integrity constraints enforcement approaches mentioned above.Postprint (published version
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