MobiBits: Multimodal Mobile Biometric Database

This paper presents a novel database comprising representations of five different biometric characteristics, collected in a mobile, unconstrained or semi-constrained setting with three different mobile devices, including characteristics previously unavailable in existing datasets, namely hand images, thermal hand images, and thermal face images, all acquired with a mobile, off-the-shelf device. In addition to this collection of data we perform an extensive set of experiments providing insight on benchmark recognition performance that can be achieved with these data, carried out with existing commercial and academic biometric solutions. This is the first known to us mobile biometric database introducing samples of biometric traits such as thermal hand images and thermal face images. We hope that this contribution will make a valuable addition to the already existing databases and enable new experiments and studies in the field of mobile authentication. The MobiBits database is made publicly available to the research community at no cost for non-commercial purposes.Comment: Submitted for the BIOSIG2018 conference on June 18, 2018. Accepted for publication on July 20, 201

Multimodal biometric authentication based on voice, fingerprint and face recognition

openNew decison module to combine the score of voice, fingerprint and face recognition in a multimodal biometric system.New decison module to combine the score of voice, fingerprint and face recognition in a multimodal biometric system

Evaluation and analysis of hybrid intelligent pattern recognition techniques for speaker identification

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.The rapid momentum of the technology progress in the recent years has led to a tremendous rise in the use of biometric authentication systems. The objective of this research is to investigate the problem of identifying a speaker from its voice regardless of the content (i.e. text-independent), and to design efficient methods of combining face and voice in producing a robust authentication system. A novel approach towards speaker identification is developed using wavelet analysis, and multiple neural networks including Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN), General Regressive Neural Network (GRNN)and Radial Basis Function-Neural Network (RBF NN) with the AND voting scheme. This approach is tested on GRID and VidTIMIT cor-pora and comprehensive test results have been validated with state- of-the-art approaches. The system was found to be competitive and it improved the recognition rate by 15% as compared to the classical Mel-frequency Cepstral Coe±cients (MFCC), and reduced the recognition time by 40% compared to Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN), Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Another novel approach using vowel formant analysis is implemented using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). Vowel formant based speaker identification is best suitable for real-time implementation and requires only a few bytes of information to be stored for each speaker, making it both storage and time efficient. Tested on GRID and Vid-TIMIT, the proposed scheme was found to be 85.05% accurate when Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) is used to extract the vowel formants, which is much higher than the accuracy of BPNN and GMM. Since the proposed scheme does not require any training time other than creating a small database of vowel formants, it is faster as well. Furthermore, an increasing number of speakers makes it di±cult for BPNN and GMM to sustain their accuracy, but the proposed score-based methodology stays almost linear. Finally, a novel audio-visual fusion based identification system is implemented using GMM and MFCC for speaker identi¯cation and PCA for face recognition. The results of speaker identification and face recognition are fused at different levels, namely the feature, score and decision levels. Both the score-level and decision-level (with OR voting) fusions were shown to outperform the feature-level fusion in terms of accuracy and error resilience. The result is in line with the distinct nature of the two modalities which lose themselves when combined at the feature-level. The GRID and VidTIMIT test results validate that the proposed scheme is one of the best candidates for the fusion of face and voice due to its low computational time and high recognition accuracy

Generic multimodal biometric fusion

Biometric systems utilize physiological or behavioral traits to automatically identify individuals. A unimodal biometric system utilizes only one source of biometric information and suffers from a variety of problems such as noisy data, intra-class variations, restricted degrees of freedom, non-universality, spoof attacks and unacceptable error rates. Multimodal biometrics refers to a system which utilizes multiple biometric information sources and can overcome some of the limitation of unimodal system. Biometric information can be combined at 4 different levels: (i) Raw data level; (ii) Feature level; (iii) Match-score level; and (iv) Decision level. Match score fusion and decision fusion have received significant attention due to convenient information representation and raw data fusion is extremely challenging due to large diversity of representation. Feature level fusion provides a good trade-off between fusion complexity and loss of information due to subsequent processing. This work presents generic feature information fusion techniques for fusion of most of the commonly used feature representation schemes. A novel concept of Local Distance Kernels is introduced to transform the available information into an arbitrary common distance space where they can be easily fused together. Also, a new dynamic learnable noise removal scheme based on thresholding is used to remove shot noise in the distance vectors. Finally we propose the use of AdaBoost and Support Vector Machines for learning the fusion rules to obtain highly reliable final matching scores from the transformed local distance vectors. The integration of the proposed methods leads to large performance improvement over match-score or decision level fusion