97 research outputs found
Application of SDMA with scheduling for MIMO MC-CDMA
Incoming Beyond 3G systems provides high data rates by using several techniques including Beamforming. Convenient DRA design is required to optimize the capabilities offered by smart antennas. This paper is to presents a DRA algorithm based on the HSDPA of UMTS, including scheduling that exploit SDMA technique that was implemented in the ambit of the IST 4MORE project. Results shown cell throughput gain of SDMA compared to sectorized cells about 76%, and that SDMA gain will increase with user diversity within the cell
A MAC protocol for IP-based CDMA wireless networks.
Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2005.The evolution of the intemet protocol (IP) to offer quality of service
(QoS) makes it a suitable core network protocol for next generation
networks (NGN). The QoS features incorporated to IP will enable future lP-based wireless networks to meet QoS requirements of various multimedia traffic. The Differentiated Service (Diffserv) Architecture is a promising QoS technology due to its scalability which arises from traffic flow aggregates. For this reason, in this dissertation a network infrastructure based on DiffServ is assumed. This architecture provides assured service (AS) and premium service (PrS) classes in addition to best-effort service (BE). The medium access control (MAC) protocol is one of the important design issues in wireless networks. In a wireless network carrying multimedia traffic, the MAC protocol is required to provide simultaneous support for a wide variety of traffic types, support traffic with delay and jitter bounds, and assign bandwidth in an efficient and fair manner among traffic classes. Several MAC protocols capable of supporting multimedia services have been proposed in the literature, the majority of which were designed for wireless A1M (Asynchronous Transfer Mode). The focus of this dissertation is on time division multiple access and code division multiple access (TDMAlCDMA)
based MAC protocols that support QoS in lP-based wireless networks. This dissertation begins by giving a survey of wireless MAC protocols. The survey considers MAC protocols for centralised wireless networks and classifies them according to their multiple access technology and as well as their method of resource sharing. A novel TDMAlCDMA based MAC protocol incorporating techniques from existing protocols is then proposed. To provide the above-mentioned services, the bandwidth is partitioned amongst AS and PrS classes. The BE class utilizes the remaining bandwidth from the two classes because it does not have QoS requirements. The protocol employs a demand assignment (DA) scheme to support traffic from PrS and AS classes. BE traffic is supported by a random reservation access scheme with dual multiple access interference (MAl) admission thresholds. The performance of the protocol, i.e. the AS or PrS call blocking probability, and BE throughput are evaluated
through Markov analytical models and Monte-Carlo simulations.
Furthermore, the protocol is modified and incorporated into IEEE 802.16 broadband wireless access (BWA) network
Recommended from our members
Radio Resource Management for Satellite UMTS. Dynamic scheduling algorithm for a UMTS-compatible satellite network.
The third generation of mobile communication systems introduce
interactive Multicast and Unicast multimedia services at a fast data rate of
up to 2 Mbps and is expected to complete the globalization of the mobile
telecommunication systems. The implementation of these services on
satellite systems, particularly for broadcast and multicast applications to
complement terrestrial services is ideal since satellite systems are capable
of providing global coverage in areas not served by terrestrial
telecommunication services. However, the main bottleneck of such
systems is the scarcity of radio resources for supporting multimedia
applications which has resulted in the rapid growth in research efforts for
deriving efficient radio resource management techniques. This issue is
addressed in this thesis, where the main emphasis is to design a dynamic
scheduling framework and algorithm that can improve the overall
performance of the radio resource management strategy of a UMTS
compatible satellite network, taking into account the unique characteristics
of wireless channel conditions.
This thesis will initially be focused on the design of the network and
functional architecture of a UMTS -compatible satellite network. Based on
this architecture, an effective scheduling framework is designed, which
can provide different types of resource assigning strategies. A functional
model of scheduler is defined to describe the behaviours and interactions
between different functional entities.
An OPNET simulation model with a complete network protocol stack is
developed to validate the performance of the scheduling algorithms
implemented in the satellite network. Different types of traffic are
considered for the OPNET simulation, such as the Poisson Process, ONOFF
Source and Self Similar Process, so that the performance of
scheduling algorithm can be analyzed for different types of services.
A novel scheduling algorithm is proposed to optimise the channel
utilisation by considering the characteristics of the wireless channel, which
are bursty and location dependent. In order to overcome the channel
errors, different code rates are applied for the user under different channel
conditions. The proposed scheduling algorithm is designed to give higher
priority to users with higher code rate, so that the throughput of network is
optimized and at the same time, maintaining the end users¿ service level
agreements. The fairness of the proposed scheduling algorithm is
validated using OPNET simulation. The simulation results show that the
algorithm can fairly allocate resource to different connections not only
among different service classes but also within the same service class
depending on their QoS attributes.Inmarsat Global Ltd. BGAN and the European Space Agency (ESA
Adaptive scheduling in cellular access, wireless mesh and IP networks
Networking scenarios in the future will be complex and will include fixed networks and hybrid Fourth Generation (4G) networks, consisting of both infrastructure-based and infrastructureless, wireless parts. In such scenarios, adaptive provisioning and management of network resources becomes of critical importance. Adaptive mechanisms are desirable since they enable a self-configurable network that is able to adjust itself to varying traffic and channel conditions. The operation of adaptive mechanisms is heavily based on measurements. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how measurement based, adaptive packet scheduling algorithms can be utilized in different networking environments.
The first part of this thesis is a proposal for a new delay-based scheduling algorithm, known as Delay-Bounded Hybrid Proportional Delay (DBHPD), for delay adaptive provisioning in DiffServ-based fixed IP networks. This DBHPD algorithm is thoroughly evaluated by ns2-simulations and measurements in a FreeBSD prototype router network. It is shown that DBHPD results in considerably more controllable differentiation than basic static bandwidth sharing algorithms. The prototype router measurements also prove that a DBHPD algorithm can be easily implemented in practice, causing less processing overheads than a well known CBQ algorithm.
The second part of this thesis discusses specific scheduling requirements set by hybrid 4G networking scenarios. Firstly, methods for joint scheduling and transmit beamforming in 3.9G or 4G networks are described and quantitatively analyzed using statistical methods. The analysis reveals that the combined gain of channel-adaptive scheduling and transmit beamforming is substantial and that an On-off strategy can achieve the performance of an ideal Max SNR strategy if the feedback threshold is optimized. Finally, a novel cross-layer energy-adaptive scheduling and queue management framework EAED (Energy Aware Early Detection), for preserving delay bounds and minimizing energy consumption in WLAN mesh networks, is proposed and evaluated with simulations. The simulations show that our scheme can save considerable amounts of transmission energy without violating application level QoS requirements when traffic load and distances are reasonable
An Optimization Theoretical Framework for Resource Allocation over Wireless Networks
With the advancement of wireless technologies, wireless networking has become ubiquitous owing to the great demand of pervasive mobile applications. Some fundamental challenges exist for the next generation wireless network design such as time varying nature of wireless channels, co-channel interferences, provisioning of heterogeneous type of services, etc. So how to overcome these difficulties and improve the system performance have become an important research topic.
Dynamic resource allocation is a general strategy to control the interferences and enhance the performance of wireless networks. The basic idea behind dynamic resource allocation is to utilize the channel more efficiently by sharing the spectrum and reducing
interference through optimizing parameters such as the
transmitting power, symbol transmission rate, modulation scheme, coding scheme, bandwidth, etc. Moreover, the network performance can be further improved by introducing diversity, such as
multiuser, time, frequency, and space diversity. In addition, cross layer approach for resource allocation can provide advantages such as low overhead, more efficiency, and direct end-to-end QoS provision.
The designers for next generation wireless networks face the common problem of how to optimize the system objective under the user Quality of Service (QoS) constraint. There is a need of unified but general optimization framework for resource allocation
to allow taking into account a diverse set of objective functions with various QoS requirements, while considering all kinds of diversity and cross layer approach. We propose an optimization
theoretical framework for resource allocation and apply these ideas to different network situations such as:
1.Centralized resource allocation with fairness constraint
2.Distributed resource allocation using game theory
3.OFDMA resource allocation
4.Cross layer approach
On the whole, we develop a universal view of the whole wireless networks from multiple dimensions: time, frequency, space, user, and layers. We develop some schemes to fully utilize the resources. The success of the proposed research will significantly
improve the way how to design and analyze resource allocation over wireless networks. In addition, the cross-layer optimization nature of the problem provides an innovative insight into vertical
integration of wireless networks
Proceedings of the Fifth International Mobile Satellite Conference 1997
Satellite-based mobile communications systems provide voice and data communications to users over a vast geographic area. The users may communicate via mobile or hand-held terminals, which may also provide access to terrestrial communications services. While previous International Mobile Satellite Conferences have concentrated on technical advances and the increasing worldwide commercial activities, this conference focuses on the next generation of mobile satellite services. The approximately 80 papers included here cover sessions in the following areas: networking and protocols; code division multiple access technologies; demand, economics and technology issues; current and planned systems; propagation; terminal technology; modulation and coding advances; spacecraft technology; advanced systems; and applications and experiments
Policy-Based Radio Resource Management in Multicast OFDMA Systems
Η ασύρματηφασματική αποδοτικότητα είναι ένας, όλο και περισσότερο, σημαντικός
παράγοντας εξαιτίας της ταχείας ανάπτυξης των ασύρματων υπηρεσιών ευρείας
ζώνης. Η σχεδίαση ενός συστήματος με πολλά φέροντα, όπως είναι ένα σύστημα
OFDMA,επιτρέπει στα συστήματα να έχουν υψηλή χωρητικότητα για να ικανοποιήσουν
τις απαιτήσεις των υπηρεσιών ευρείας ζώνης.Αυτή η αυξημένη χωρητικότητα των
συστημάτων μπορεί να βελτιστοποιηθεί περαιτέρω εκμεταλλευόμενοι καλύτερα τα
χαρακτηριστικά των ασύρματων καναλιών. Ηθεμελιώδηςιδέα ενός σχήματος κατανομής
πόρων είναι η αποτελεσματική κατανομή των διαθέσιμων ασύρματων πόρων, όπως
είναι οι υποφορείς και η ισχύς εκπομπής, μεταξύ των χρηστών του συστήματος.
Σχετικά με τα προβλήματα της κατανομής πόρων σε ασύρματα συστήματα
τηλεπικοινωνιών βασισμένα στην τεχνική OFDMA, η περισσότερη έρευνα
επικεντρώνεται στην αναζήτηση πολιτικών ανάθεσης υποφορέων και ισχύος. Οι
διαθέσιμες τεχνικές της βιβλιογραφίας δεν μπορούν να εφαρμοστούν όπως είναι σε
συστήματα πολυεκπομπής. Επιπλέον, οι υπάρχουσες τεχνικές δεν μπορούν να
εφαρμοστούν αμετάβλητες σε πραγματικά συστήματα στα οποία υπάρχει μεγάλος
αριθμός OFDMυποφορέων, καθώς η υπολογιστική πολυπλοκότητα είναι πολύ μεγάλη.
Ο βασικός στόχος της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η πρόταση ικανών
μηχανισμών κατανομής των διαθέσιμων υποφορέων σε ασύρματα συστήματα
πολυεκπομπής χρησιμοποιώντας την τεχνολογία OFDMA. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, σχετικά με
τα συστήματα πολυεκπομπής, θεωρούμε ότι τόσο ο σταθμός βάσης όσο και κάθε
χρήστης είναι εφοδιασμένοι με μοναδική κεραία και η μονάδα κατανομής δεν είναι
ο υποφορέας, όπως στα συμβατικά συστήματα OFDMA, αλλά μία ομάδα
γειτονικώνυποφορέων, η οποία ονομάζεται τεμάχιο, με σκοπό τη μείωση της μεγάλης
υπολογιστικής πολυπλοκότητας.
Ένας αποτελεσματικός αλγόριθμος προτείνεται του οποίου ο στόχος είναι η
μεγιστοποίηση του συνολικού ρυθμού μετάδοσης δεδομένων με περιορισμούς στη
συνολική διαθέσιμη ισχύ, στο BERανά τεμάχιο και στους αναλογικούς περιορισμούς
μεταξύ των ρυθμών μετάδοσης δεδομένων των ομάδων χρηστών. Η προσομοίωση και η
ανάλυση της πολυπλοκότητας που παρουσιάζονται, υποστηρίζουν τα πλεονεκτήματα
της κατανομής πόρων σε συστήματα πολυεκπομπήςOFDMA τα οποία βασίζονται σε
κατανομή τεμαχίων και έχουν ως στόχος την εξασφάλιση της αναλογικότητας μεταξύ
των ρυθμών μετάδοσης δεδομένων των ομάδων χρηστών.Wireless spectral efficiency is increasingly important due to the rapid growth
of demand for high data rate wideband wireless services. The design of a
multi-carrier system, such as an OFDMA system, enables high system capacity
suited for these wideband wireless services. This system capacity can be
further optimized with a resource allocation scheme by exploiting the
characteristics of the wireless fading channels. The fundamental idea of a
resource allocation scheme is to efficiently distribute the available wireless
resources, such as the subcarriers and transmission power, among all admitted
users in the system.
Regarding the problems of resource allocation in OFDMA-based wireless
communicationsystems, much of the research effort mainly focuses on finding
efficient power controland subcarrier assignment policies. With systems
employing multicast transmission,the available schemes in literature are not
always applicable. Moreover, the existing approachesare particularly
inaccessible in practical systems in which there are a large numberof OFDM
subcarriers being utilized, as the required computational burden is
prohibitivelyhigh.
The ultimate goal of this Thesis is therefore to propose affordable mechanisms
toflexibly and effectively share out the available resources in multicast
wireless systems deployingOFDMA technology. Specifically, according to
multicast system, it is assumed thatboth the BS and each user are equipped
witha single antenna and the allocation unit is not the subcarrier,as in
conventional OFDMA systems, but a set of contiguoussubcarriers, which is called
chunk, in order to alleviate the heavy computational burden.
An efficient algorithmis proposed whose aim is to maximize the total throughput
subject to constraints on totalavailable power,BER over a chunk, and
proportional data rates constraints among multicast groups. Simulation and
complexity analysis are provided to support thebenefits of chunk-based resource
allocation to multicast OFDMA systems with targeting proportional data rates
among multicast groups
A General Framework for Analyzing, Characterizing, and Implementing Spectrally Modulated, Spectrally Encoded Signals
Fourth generation (4G) communications will support many capabilities while providing universal, high speed access. One potential enabler for these capabilities is software defined radio (SDR). When controlled by cognitive radio (CR) principles, the required waveform diversity is achieved via a synergistic union called CR-based SDR. Research is rapidly progressing in SDR hardware and software venues, but current CR-based SDR research lacks the theoretical foundation and analytic framework to permit efficient implementation. This limitation is addressed here by introducing a general framework for analyzing, characterizing, and implementing spectrally modulated, spectrally encoded (SMSE) signals within CR-based SDR architectures. Given orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a 4G candidate signal, OFDM-based signals are collectively classified as SMSE since modulation and encoding are spectrally applied. The proposed framework provides analytic commonality and unification of SMSE signals. Applicability is first shown for candidate 4G signals, and resultant analytic expressions agree with published results. Implementability is then demonstrated in multiple coexistence scenarios via modeling and simulation to reinforce practical utility
Resource Allocation for Cellular/WLAN Integrated Networks
The next-generation wireless communications have been envisioned to be supported by heterogeneous networks using various wireless access technologies. The popular cellular networks and wireless local area networks (WLANs) present perfectly complementary characteristics in terms of service capacity, mobility support, and quality-of-service (QoS) provisioning. The cellular/WLAN interworking is thus an effective way to promote the evolution of wireless networks. As an essential aspect of the interworking, resource allocation is vital for efficient utilization of the overall resources.
Specially, multi-service provisioning can be enhanced with cellular/WLAN interworking by taking advantage of the complementary network strength and an overlay structure. Call assignment/reassignment strategies and admission control policies are effective resource allocation mechanisms for the cellular/WLAN integrated network. Initially, the incoming calls are distributed to the overlay cell or WLAN according to call assignment strategies, which are enhanced with admission control policies in the target network. Further, call reassignment can be enabled to dynamically transfer the traffic load between the overlay cell and WLAN via vertical handoff. By these means, the multi-service traffic load can be properly shared between the interworked systems.
In this thesis, we investigate the load sharing problem for this heterogeneous wireless overlay network. Three load sharing schemes with different call assignment/reassignment strategies and admission control policies are proposed and analyzed. Effective analytical models are developed to evaluate the QoS performance and determine the call admission and assignment parameters. First, an admission control scheme with service-differentiated call assignment is studied to gain insights on the effects of load sharing on interworking effectiveness. Then, the admission scheme is extended by using randomized call assignment to enable distributed implementation. Also, we analyze the impact of user mobility and data traffic variability. Further, an enhanced call assignment strategy is developed to exploit the heavy-tailedness of data call size. Last, the study is extended to a multi-service scenario. The overall resource utilization and QoS satisfaction are improved substantially by taking into account the multi-service traffic characteristics, such as the delay-sensitivity of voice traffic, elasticity and heavy-tailedness of data traffic, and rate-adaptiveness of video streaming traffic
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