Cooperative energy management for a cluster of households prosumers

© 2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other worksThe increment of electrical and electronic appliances for improving the lifestyle of residential consumers had led to a larger demand of energy. In order to supply their energy requirements, the consumers have changed the paradigm by integrating renewable energy sources to their power grid. Therefore, consumers become prosumers in which they internally generate and consume energy looking for an autonomous operation. This paper proposes an energy management system for coordinating the operation of distributed household prosumers. It was found that better performance is achieved when cooperative operation with other prosumers in a neighborhood environment is achieved. Simulation and experimental results validate the proposed strategy by comparing the performance of islanded prosumers with the operation in cooperative modePeer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Secondary Frequency and Voltage Control of Islanded Microgrids via Distributed Averaging

In this work we present new distributed controllers for secondary frequency and voltage control in islanded microgrids. Inspired by techniques from cooperative control, the proposed controllers use localized information and nearest-neighbor communication to collectively perform secondary control actions. The frequency controller rapidly regulates the microgrid frequency to its nominal value while maintaining active power sharing among the distributed generators. Tuning of the voltage controller provides a simple and intuitive trade-off between the conflicting goals of voltage regulation and reactive power sharing. Our designs require no knowledge of the microgrid topology, impedances or loads. The distributed architecture allows for flexibility and redundancy, and eliminates the need for a central microgrid controller. We provide a voltage stability analysis and present extensive experimental results validating our designs, verifying robust performance under communication failure and during plug-and-play operation.Comment: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronic

Power Quality Management of Interconnected Microgrids using Model Predictive Control

Cuenta con otro ed. : IFAC-PapersOnLine Incluida en el vol. 53 Article number: 145388In this paper, the power quality of interconnected microgrids is managed using a Model Predictive Control (MPC) methodology which manipulates the power converters of the microgrids in order to achieve the requirements. The control algorithm is developed for the microgrids working modes: grid-connected, islanded and interconnected. The results and simulations are also applied to the transition between the different working modes. In order to show the potential of the control algorithm a comparison study is carried out with classical Proportional-Integral Pulse Width Modulation (PI-PWM) based controllers. The proposed control algorithm not only improves the transient response in comparison with classical methods but also shows an optimal behavior in all the working modes, minimizing the harmonics content in current and voltage even with the presence of non-balanced and non-harmonic-free three-phase voltage and current systems.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) DPI2016-78338-RInterreg SUDOE SOE3 / P3 / E090

Microgrid, Its Control and Stability: The State of The Art

Some of the challenges facing the power industries globally include power quality and stability, diminishing fossil fuel, climate change amongst others. The use of distributed generators however is growing at a steady pace to address these challenges. When interconnected and integrated with storage devices and controllable load, these generators operate together in a grid, which has incidental stability and control issues. The focus of this paper, therefore, is on the review and discussion of the different control approaches and the hierarchical control on a microgrid, the current practice in the literature concerning stability and the control techniques deployed for microgrid control; the weakness and strength of the different control strategies were discussed in this work and some of the areas that require further research are highlighted

Review on Multi-Objective Control Strategies for Distributed Generation on Inverter-Based Microgrids

[EN] Microgrids have emerged as a solution to address new challenges in power systems with the integration of distributed energy resources (DER). Inverter-based microgrids (IBMG) need to implement proper control systems to avoid stability and reliability issues. Thus, several researchers have introduced multi-objective control strategies for distributed generation on IBMG. This paper presents a review of the different approaches that have been proposed by several authors of multi-objective control. This work describes the main features of the inverter as a key component of microgrids. Details related to accomplishing efficient generation from a control systems' view have been observed. This study addresses the potential of multi-objective control to overcome conflicting objectives with balanced results. Finally, this paper shows future trends in control objectives and discussion of the different multi-objective approaches.Gonzales-Zurita, Ó.; Clairand, J.; Peñalvo-López, E.; Escrivá-Escrivá, G. (2020). Review on Multi-Objective Control Strategies for Distributed Generation on Inverter-Based Microgrids. Energies. 13(13):1-29. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13133483S1291313Ross, M., Abbey, C., Bouffard, F., & Joos, G. (2015). Multiobjective Optimization Dispatch for Microgrids With a High Penetration of Renewable Generation. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 6(4), 1306-1314. doi:10.1109/tste.2015.2428676Murty, V. V. S. N., & Kumar, A. (2020). Multi-objective energy management in microgrids with hybrid energy sources and battery energy storage systems. Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems, 5(1). doi:10.1186/s41601-019-0147-zKatircioğlu, S., Abasiz, T., Sezer, S., & Katırcıoglu, S. (2019). 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Nonisolated High Gain DC–DC Converter for DC Microgrids. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 65(2), 1205-1212. doi:10.1109/tie.2017.2733463Yin, C., Wu, H., Locment, F., & Sechilariu, M. (2017). Energy management of DC microgrid based on photovoltaic combined with diesel generator and supercapacitor. Energy Conversion and Management, 132, 14-27. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.11.018Chen, D., Xu, Y., & Huang, A. Q. (2017). Integration of DC Microgrids as Virtual Synchronous Machines Into the AC Grid. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 64(9), 7455-7466. doi:10.1109/tie.2017.2674621Abhinav, S., Schizas, I. D., Ferrese, F., & Davoudi, A. (2017). Optimization-Based AC Microgrid Synchronization. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 13(5), 2339-2349. doi:10.1109/tii.2017.2702623Liu, Z., Su, M., Sun, Y., Li, L., Han, H., Zhang, X., & Zheng, M. (2019). Optimal criterion and global/sub-optimal control schemes of decentralized economical dispatch for AC microgrid. 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An inclusive methodology for Plug-in electrical vehicle operation with G2V and V2G in smart microgrid environments. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 102, 312-323. doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2018.04.037Ghosh, S., & Chattopadhyay, S. (2020). Three-Loop-Based Universal Control Architecture for Decentralized Operation of Multiple Inverters in an Autonomous Grid-Interactive Microgrid. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 56(2), 1966-1979. doi:10.1109/tia.2020.2964746Mohapatra, S. R., & Agarwal, V. (2020). Model Predictive Control for Flexible Reduction of Active Power Oscillation in Grid-Tied Multilevel Inverters Under Unbalanced and Distorted Microgrid Conditions. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 56(2), 1107-1115. doi:10.1109/tia.2019.2957480Ziouani, I., Boukhetala, D., Darcherif, A.-M., Amghar, B., & El Abbassi, I. (2018). Hierarchical control for flexible microgrid based on three-phase voltage source inverters operated in parallel. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 95, 188-201. doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2017.08.027Golshannavaz, S., & Mortezapour, V. (2018). A generalized droop control approach for islanded DC microgrids hosting parallel-connected DERs. Sustainable Cities and Society, 36, 237-245. doi:10.1016/j.scs.2017.09.038Safa, A., Madjid Berkouk, E. L., Messlem, Y., & Gouichiche, A. (2018). A robust control algorithm for a multifunctional grid tied inverter to enhance the power quality of a microgrid under unbalanced conditions. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 100, 253-264. doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2018.02.042Andishgar, M. H., Gholipour, E., & Hooshmand, R. (2017). An overview of control approaches of inverter-based microgrids in islanding mode of operation. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 80, 1043-1060. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.267Li, Z., Zang, C., Zeng, P., Yu, H., Li, S., & Bian, J. (2017). 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Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 76, 256-267. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.060Shen, X., Wang, H., Li, J., Su, Q., & Gao, L. (2019). Distributed Secondary Voltage Control of Islanded Microgrids Based on RBF-Neural-Network Sliding-Mode Technique. IEEE Access, 7, 65616-65623. doi:10.1109/access.2019.2915509Arbab-Zavar, B., Palacios-Garcia, E., Vasquez, J., & Guerrero, J. (2019). Smart Inverters for Microgrid Applications: A Review. Energies, 12(5), 840. doi:10.3390/en12050840Bullich-Massagué, E., Díaz-González, F., Aragüés-Peñalba, M., Girbau-Llistuella, F., Olivella-Rosell, P., & Sumper, A. (2018). Microgrid clustering architectures. Applied Energy, 212, 340-361. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.12.048Kerdphol, T., Rahman, F., Mitani, Y., Hongesombut, K., & Küfeoğlu, S. (2017). Virtual Inertia Control-Based Model Predictive Control for Microgrid Frequency Stabilization Considering High Renewable Energy Integration. 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IET Power Electronics, 9(4), 761-770. doi:10.1049/iet-pel.2015.0317Wu, Y., Guerrero, J. M., Vasquez, J. C., & Wu, Y. (2019). Bumpless Optimal Control over Multi-Objective Microgrids with Mode-Dependent Controllers. Energies, 12(19), 3619. doi:10.3390/en12193619Sedighizadeh, M., Esmaili, M., & Eisapour-Moarref, A. (2017). Voltage and frequency r

Performance evaluation of secondary control policies with respect to digital communications properties in inverter-based islanded microgrids

A key challenge for inverted-based microgrids working in islanded mode is to maintain their own frequency and voltage to a certain reference values while regulating the active and reactive power among distributed generators and loads. The implementation of frequency and voltage restoration control policies often requires the use of a digital communication network for real-time data exchange (tertiary control covers the coordi- nated operation of the microgrid and the host grid). Whenever a digital network is placed within the loop, the operation of the secondary control may be affected by the inherent properties of the communication technology. This paper analyses the effect that properties like transmission intervals and message dropouts have for four existing representative approaches to secondary control in a scalable islanded microgrid. The simulated results reveals pros and cons for each approach, and identifies threats that properly avoided or handled in advance can prevent failures that otherwise would occur. Selected experimental results on a low- scale laboratory microgrid corroborate the conclusions extracted from the simulation study.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft