6 research outputs found
Evaluarea accesibilității web în eHealth: un studiu de caz pe șapte site-uri
This paper analyzes the accessibility of web content of medical platforms in accordance with the
international guidelines established by W3C and the Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI). The article presents
the results of a May 2018 study on web accessibility for health sites. The evaluation was done on a sample of
seven sites using an automated testing tool. The evaluation was performed on a sample of seven sites using
an automated test tool - Total Validator. The study demonstrated a relatively low web accessibility of the
analyzed eHealth websites and highlighted general accessibility recommendations
Validação automatizada da análise da acessibilidade dos websites do judiciário brasileiro
The Brazil have rules to ensure that e-government websites meet accessibility requirements.
However, legislation regulating accessibility on the Web does not guarantee
application. Therefore, it is necessary to check the level of accessibility compliance
on the Web portals to have a diagnosis of the current situation. The web pages of
the Brazilian Judiciary are portals of access to justice and information on the judicial
processes that the citizen needs. This project aims to develop a system capable of
automatically assessing the accessibility of the websites of the Brazilian Judiciary for
the benefit of citizens. The 94 websites of the Brazilian Judiciary were evaluated within
the guidelines of WCAG 2.0, developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
The result showed a picture of how accessibility standards are being met by the Brazilian
Judiciary, where none of the 94 websites analyzed to met the Success Criteria
required by the WCAG 2.0 guidelines. The Success Criteria violated by the websites
were analyzed using the Pareto principle, which identifies the main problems found in
the websites analyzed.O Brasil têm normas para garantir que os websites de governo eletrônico atendam
aos requisitos de acessibilidade. No entanto, a legislação que regulamenta a acessibilidade
na Web não garantem a aplicação. Portanto, é necessário verificar o nÃvel
de conformidade da acessibilidade na Web dos portais para ter um diagnóstico da
situação atual. As páginas web do Judiciário Brasileiro são portais de acesso à justiça
e a informação dos processos judiciais de que o cidadão precisa. Este trabalho
visa desenvolver um sistema capaz de avaliar automaticamente a acessibilidade dos
websites do Judiciário Brasileiro em benefÃcio aos cidadãos. Os 94 websites do Judiciário
Brasileiro foram avaliados dentro das diretrizes do WCAG 2.0, desenvolvido
pela World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). O resultado apontou um retrato, de como as
normas sobre acessibilidade estão sendo cumpridas pelo Judiciário Brasileiro, onde
nenhum dos 94 websites analisados conseguiu atender os Critérios de Sucesso exigidos
pelas diretrizes do WCAG 2.0. Os Critérios de Sucesso violados pelos websites
foram analisados utilizando o princÃpio de Pareto, que consegue identificar os principais
problemas encontrados nos websites analisados
E-Governance: Strategy for Mitigating Non-Inclusion of Citizens in Policy Making in Nigeria
The Nigerian federation that currently has 36 states structure adopted the Weberian Public Administrative system
before now as an ideal way of running government, which was characterized with the traditional way of doing things without
recourse to the deployment of Information Communication Technology (ICT). Today e-governance is seen as a paradigm
shift from the previous way of governance. Research has shown that, the adoption and implementation of e-governance is
more likely to bring about effective service delivery, mitigate corruption and ultimately enhance citizens’ participation in
governmental affairs. However, it has been argued that infrastructure such as regular electricity power and access to the
Internet, in addition to a society with high rate of literacy level are required to effectively implement and realize the
potentials of e-governance for improved delivery of services. Due to the difficulties currently experienced, developing nations
need to adequately prepare for the implementation of e-governance on the platform of Information Communication
Technology (ICT). Hence, this study seeks to examine whether the adoption and implementation of e-governance in the
context of Nigeria would mitigate the hitherto non-inclusion of citizens in the formulation and implementation of
government policies aimed at enhanced development. To achieve the objective of the study, data were sourced and analyzed
majorly by examining government websites of 20 states in the Nigerian federation to ascertain if there are venues for citizens
to interact with government in the area of policy making and feedback on government actions, as a way of promoting
participatory governance. The study revealed that the adoption and implementation of e-governance in the country is yet to
fully take place. This is due to lack of infrastructure, low level of literacy rate and government inability to provide the
necessary infrastructure for e-governance to materialize. The paper therefore, recommends among others the need for the
Federal Government to involve a sound and clear policy on how to go about the adoption and implementation of egovernance
through deliberate effort at increasing budgetary allocation towards infrastructural development and mass
education of citizens
The Impact of e-Democracy in Political Stability of Nigeria
The history of the Nigerian electoral process has been hitherto characterized by violence stemming from disputes
in election outcomes. For instance, violence erupted across some states in Northern Nigeria when results indicated that a
candidate who was popular in that part of the country was losing the election leading to avoidable loss of lives. Beside, this
dispute in election outcome lingers for a long time in litigation at the electoral tribunals which distracts effective governance.
However, the increasing penetrating use of ICTs in Nigeria is evident in the electoral processes with consequent shift in the
behavior of actors in the democratic processes, thus changing the ways Nigerians react to election outcomes. This paper
examines the trend in the use ICT in the Nigerian political system and its impact on the stability of the polity. It assesses the
role of ICT in recent electoral processes and compares its impact on the outcome of the process in lieu of previous
experiences in the Nigeria. Furthermore, the paper also examines the challenges and risks of implementing e-Democracy in
Nigeria and its relationship to the economy in the light of the socio-economic situation of the country. The paper adopted
qualitative approach in data gathering and analysis. From the findings, the paper observed that e-democracy is largely
dependent on the level of ICT adoption, which is still at its lowest ebb in the country. It recognizes the challenges in the
provision of ICT infrastructure and argues that appropriate low-cost infrastructure applicable to the Nigerian condition can
be made available to implement e-democracy and thus arouse the interest of the populace in governance, increase the
number of voters, and enhance transparency, probity and accountability, and participation in governance as well as help
stabilize the nascent democrac
Understanding accessibility problems of blind users on the web
The web is an eminently visual medium. However, not everyone accesses web content visually. Research shows that using the web is challenging for blind users. To create a good user experience for blind users on the web, we need a comprehensive understanding of the users’ problems. Currently, there is little knowledge about the problem differences between blind and sighted users, which makes it difficult to suggest and test design solutions that address these problems.
This research aims to provide a further understanding of the problems blind users have on the web by comparing and contrasting problems between blind and sighted users and testing how design solutions to prevalent problems benefit blind users’ experience.
The first study draws together the research literature into a common unified definition of web accessibility that was used to operationalise studies. The second study compared which verbal protocol (concurrent or retrospective) is better in user-based studies. The results showed that retrospective verbal protocol is a better option for eliciting problems on the web for blind and sighted users.
Then, an empirical study compared the problems between blind and sighted users on the web. The results showed that the problems the two user groups encounter largely differ. There are specific problem types distinct to blind users, but also the characteristics of the problem types that had instances by both user groups were very different. Moreover, many problems blind users encounter were in relation to the search and browse features of the websites.
A further investigation by two studies with blind users of how specific design solutions to prevalent problems users had (poor page structure, lack of feedback and excessive effort) in this specific design aspect showed that simple design solutions improve specific aspects of users’ experience. Although, for major improvements in the overall user experience a combination of design solutions is needed