Acta kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis. 7(Supplement)

http://www.ester.ee/record=b1227224*es

Progression Magazine, 2019 Spring

Magazine of the College of Science at Coastal Carolina University.https://digitalcommons.coastal.edu/progression/1011/thumbnail.jp

A Clinician's Contribution to Biomedical Engineering in Experimental Echocardiography

The research of this thesis has been focused on the biomedical engineering aspects of new techniques of echocardiography. In close collaboration with the engineers of the Experimental Echocardiography Department of the Thoraxcentre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, new methods to measure coronary blood flow and arterial wall elasticity with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) have been developed. We have also investigated the clinical application of these measurements and have tried to improve traditional techniques based on intracoronary Doppler wires. In another field, we have developed a method to determine the radiation dose delivered in the wall of coronary arteries treated with brachytherapy. in collaboration with the Emory University, Atlanta, GA. This method utilizes 3-dimensional IVUS reconstruction combined with radiotherapy treatment planning. Finally, the tools developed for the recording of the signals of intracoronary Doppler wires have been adapted, during a stay at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OK for the study of left ventricular mechanics and the compliance of the large arteries. This has been achieved by simultaneous acquisition of non-invasive pressure (with tonometry) and flow (with transthoracic Doppler echocardiography) signals. The fruits of an old and close collaboration with the Institute Biomedical Technology of the Ghent University can also be found in different chapters. This work is subdivided in five major parts, and a detailed introductory chapter precedes each one

Health of the working-age population

Strokovnjaki raziskujejo, kako izboljšati, zagotavljati in ohraniti zdravje delovno aktivne populacije, sodobne države pa podpirajo izsledke raziskav z zakonodajo, ki nalaga delodajalcem, da temu področju namenijo posebno pozornost. Kako je v praksi? Katere so poglavitne težave in izzivi reševanja le-teh? Koliko nam lahko pri odpravljanju težav pomagajo informacijsko komunikacijske tehnologije in koliko "zdrava pamet"? Na omenjena vprašanja skuša odgovoriti pričujoča publikacija, ki je nastala v okviru znanstvene in strokovne konference Zdravje delovno aktivne populacije. V prispevkih avtorji predstavljajo aktualne študije in sodobne pristope, ki se uporabljajo v praksi na področju zdravstvene preventive in promocije zdravja delovno aktivne populacije

The Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century, volume 2

These 92 papers comprise a peer-reviewed selection of presentations by authors from NASA, the Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI), industry, and academia at the Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century. These papers go into more technical depth than did those published from the first NASA-sponsored symposium on the topic, held in 1984. Session topics included the following: (1) design and operation of transportation systems to, in orbit around, and on the Moon; (2) lunar base site selection; (3) design, architecture, construction, and operation of lunar bases and human habitats; (4) lunar-based scientific research and experimentation in astronomy, exobiology, and lunar geology; (5) recovery and use of lunar resources; (6) environmental and human factors of and life support technology for human presence on the Moon; and (7) program management of human exploration of the Moon and space

The effect of medium term physical activity interventions on cognitive function and indices of cardiovascular health in overweight and obese adults

The cumulative effect of obesity with a sedentary/low-active lifestyle at mid-life places individuals at elevated risk for obesity-associated comorbidities and accelerated cognitive decline in later life. There is a paucity of research examining the relationship between physical activity (PA) and cognitive function in middle-aged obese adults, further confounded by a lack of objective measurement of PA. Study 1 (n=63) aimed to examine the relationship between objectively measured physical activity with multiple cognitive test outcomes in a sample of low-active, overweight/obese, middle-aged adults. The findings indicated that IQ and age were the greatest predictors of cognitive function, with small contribution from PA and body composition. Increased physical activity and/or cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) translates to improved cognitive function in non-obese adults, yet this has largely been unexplored in overweight/obese adults. It is not known what aspects of exercise (volume or intensity) yield optimal improvements, or the physiological adaptations that are required to translate to cognitive change. Study 2 (n=28) aimed to compare the impact of 12-weeks high-intensity exercise regimes (interval and continuous) on indices of cardiovascular fitness and cognitive function in middle-aged, overweight/obese females relative to a no-exercise control group. The findings suggest equivalent improvement in CRF between groups, and a favourable effect of training following INT for a limited number of cognitive outcomes (executive function and spatial memory). Study 3 (n=33) aimed to examine the impact of increasing habitual activity through pedometer “step-count” targets over 12-weeks on indices of cardiometabolic health and cognitive function. Findings indicate that post-intervention step count was associated favourably with indices of executive function, verbal and spatial memory. Taken together these studies found a limited number of exercise associated improvements, predominantly in executive function and spatial working memory