Energy efficiency in heterogeneous wireless access networks

In this article, we bring forward the important aspect of energy savings in wireless access networks. We specifically focus on the energy saving opportunities in the recently evolving heterogeneous networks (HetNets), both Single- RAT and Multi-RAT. Issues such as sleep/wakeup cycles and interference management are discussed for co-channel Single-RAT HetNets. In addition to that, a simulation based study for LTE macro-femto HetNets is presented, indicating the need for dynamic energy efficient resource management schemes. Multi-RAT HetNets also come with challenges such as network integration, combined resource management and network selection. Along with a discussion on these challenges, we also investigate the performance of the conventional WLAN-first network selection mechanism in terms of energy efficiency (EE) and suggest that EE can be improved by the application of intelligent call admission control policies

A Novel Approach for Always Best Connected in Future Wireless Networks

Basically, Vertical handover (VHO) decision relies on the selection of the 2018;best2019; available network that could meet the QoS requirements for the end-user. Therefore, a network selection mechanism is required to help mobile users choose the best network; that is, one that provides always best connected (ABC) that suits users needs and is able to change dynamically with the change in conditions. The definition of best depends on a number of different aspects such as user personal preferences, device size and capabilities, application requirements, security, present network traffic, and network signal strength. This work proposes to assign weight to all the above stated aspects so as to compute ABC. The novelty of this work is to exploit intelligent agents for weight calculations after analyzing the explored parameters for various networks. An analysis and a comparison of both services and factors for different networks are also provided in the paper

Cost Analysis of 5th Generation Technology

In the global telecommunication manufacturing, the wireless telecommunication advertises is recognized as the wildest and the most dynamic growing sections over the past years. However, due to the science’s improvement, the modern world started to shrink. Also, the human’s technical requirements are enhancing over the time. Meanwhile, the new generations seem to be a merging of the existing technologies into a particular platform. However, as the internet generations started to be adapted and growth over the world and it can be used wherever the people go; so, Mobile access broadband is reality. 5G systems are the hottest topic to many researchers, although 4G systems are being deployed. Now a day, 5G is not being officially used yet by any company or calibration bodies as WiMAX Forum, ITU-R or 3GPP. Our main focus in this paper is to analyze the cost of both 4G and 5G and how the people can feel the progress with 5G but less price than 4G

Interworking in heterogeneous wireless networks: comprehensive framework and future trends

Interworking mechanisms are of prime importance to achieve ubiquitous access and seamless mobility in heterogeneous wireless networks. In this article we develop a comprehensive framework to categorize interworking solutions by defining a generic set of interworking levels and its related key interworking mechanisms. The proposed framework is used to analyze some of the most relevant interworking solutions being considered in different standardization bodies. More specifically, I-WLAN and GAN approaches for WLAN and cellular integration, solutions for WiMAX and 3GPP LTE/SAE interworking, and the forthcoming IEEE 802.21 standard are discussed from the common point of view provided by the elaborated framework.Postprint (published version

An Overview on Evolution of Mobile Wireless Communication Networks: 1G-6G

There has been a huge advancement in mobile wireless communication since the last few decades. This advancement consist of several generations and is still going on. The journey of mobile wireless communication began with 1G followed by 2G,3G,4G,and under research future generations 5G,6G,7G. In this paper an attempt has been made to provide an overview of evolution of mobile generations by comparing the challenges and features that have evolved from each generation and explaining how improvements have been made from earlier generation to the next one. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150513

Future Trends and Challenges for Mobile and Convergent Networks

Some traffic characteristics like real-time, location-based, and community-inspired, as well as the exponential increase on the data traffic in mobile networks, are challenging the academia and standardization communities to manage these networks in completely novel and intelligent ways, otherwise, current network infrastructures can not offer a connection service with an acceptable quality for both emergent traffic demand and application requisites. In this way, a very relevant research problem that needs to be addressed is how a heterogeneous wireless access infrastructure should be controlled to offer a network access with a proper level of quality for diverse flows ending at multi-mode devices in mobile scenarios. The current chapter reviews recent research and standardization work developed under the most used wireless access technologies and mobile access proposals. It comprehensively outlines the impact on the deployment of those technologies in future networking environments, not only on the network performance but also in how the most important requirements of several relevant players, such as, content providers, network operators, and users/terminals can be addressed. Finally, the chapter concludes referring the most notable aspects in how the environment of future networks are expected to evolve like technology convergence, service convergence, terminal convergence, market convergence, environmental awareness, energy-efficiency, self-organized and intelligent infrastructure, as well as the most important functional requisites to be addressed through that infrastructure such as flow mobility, data offloading, load balancing and vertical multihoming.Comment: In book 4G & Beyond: The Convergence of Networks, Devices and Services, Nova Science Publishers, 201

Implementation of Vertical Handoff Algorithm between IEEE802.11 WLAN and CDMA Cellular Network

Today’s wireless users expect great things from tomorrow’s wireless networks. These expectations have been fueled by hype about what the next generations of wireless networks will offer. The rapid increase of wireless subscribers increases the quality of services anytime, anywhere, and by any-media becoming indispensable. Integration of various networks such as CDMA2000 and wireless LAN into IP-based networks is required in these kinds of services, which further requires a seamless vertical handoff to 4th generation wireless networks. The proposed handoff algorithm between WLAN and CDMA2000 cellular network is implemented. The results of the simulation shows the behavior of the handoff and the time spent in WLAN or CDMA. The number of weak signal beacons determines whether a handoff is required or not. In this algorithm, traffic is classified into real-time and non real-time services

MIRAI Architecture for Heterogeneous Network

One of the keywords that describe next-generation wireless communications is "seamless." As part of the e-Japan Plan promoted by the Japanese Government, the Multimedia Integrated Network by Radio Access Innovation project has as its goal the development of new technologies to enable seamless integration of various wireless access systems for practical use by 2005. This article describes a heterogeneous network architecture including a common tool, a common platform, and a common access. In particular, software-defined radio technologies are used to develop a multiservice user terminal to access different wireless networks. The common platform for various wireless networks is based on a wireless-supporting IPv6 network. A basic access network, separated from other wireless access networks, is used as a means for wireless system discovery, signaling, and paging. A proof-of-concept experimental demonstration system is available

A Cross-System Approach for Multimedia Services with IP Multicast in 4G Networks

The increased demand for multimedia services by mobile end users in recent years have driven both Broadcast and Wireless Network operators to develop new systems and architectures for the deployment of such services. The proposed solutions are nonetheless limited either in terms of QoS or Capabilities to deliver new interactive services. This paper highlights strengths and drawbacks of the existing technologies in terms of QoS, Security and Mobility. In order to fill the gap between current solutions we propose a new architecture that builds itself on the synergies created by a heterogeneous network made of existing delivering technologies, such as 3GPP/MBMS and DVB, where services can be delivered to end-users in the most appropriate way for end-users and operators alike. A prototype implementation is further described.EU project - IST-2002- 506997 Daidalos I