Addendum to Informatics for Health 2017: Advancing both science and practice

This article presents presentation and poster abstracts that were mistakenly omitted from the original publication

Where can teens find health information? A survey of web portals designed for teen health information seekers

The Web is an important source for health information for most teens with access to the Web (Gray et al, 2005a; Kaiser, 2001). While teens are likely to turn to the Web for health information, research has indicated that their skills in locating, evaluating and using health information are weak (Hansen et al, 2003; Skinner et al, 2003, Gray et al, 2005b). This behaviour suggests that the targeted approach to finding health information that is offered by web portals would be useful to teens. A web portal is the entry point for information on the Web. It is the front end, and often the filter, that users must pass through in order to link to actual content. Unlike general search engines such as Google, content that is linked to a portal has usually been pre-selected and even created by the organization that hosts the portal, assuring some level of quality control. The underlying architecture of the portal is structured and thus offers an organized approach to exploring a specific health topic. This paper reports on an environmental scan of the Web, the purpose of which was to identify and describe portals to general health information, in English and French, designed specifically for teens. It answers two key questions. First of all, what portals exist? And secondly, what are their characteristics? The portals were analyzed through the lens of four attributes: Usability, interactivity, reliability and findability. Usability is a term that incorporates concepts of navigation, layout and design, clarity of concept and purpose, underlying architecture, in-site assistance and, for web content with text, readability. Interactivity relates to the type of interactions and level of engagement required by the user to access health information on a portal. Interaction can come in the form of a game, a quiz, a creative experience, or a communication tool such as an instant messaging board, a forum or blog. Reliability reflects the traditional values of accuracy, currency, credibility and bias, and in the web-based world, durabililty. Findability is simply the ease with which a portal can be discovered by a searcher using the search engine that is most commonly associated with the Web by young people - Google - and using terms related to teen health. Findability is an important consideration since the majority of teens begin their search for health information using search engines (CIBER, 2008; Hansen et al, 2003). The content linked to by the portals was not evaluated, nor was the portals’ efficacy as a health intervention. Teens looking for health information on the Web in English have a wide range of choices available but French-language portals are much rarer and harder to find. A majority of the portals found and reviewed originated from hospitals, associations specializing in a particular disease, and governmental agencies, suggesting that portals for teens on health related topics are generally reliable. However, only a handful of the portals reviewed were easy to find, suggesting that valuable resources for teens remain buried in the Web

Social Media for the Promotion of Holistic Self-Participatory Care: An Evidence Based Approach

Objectives: As health information is becoming increasingly accessible, social media offers ample opportunities to track, be informed, share and promote health. These authors explore how social media and holistic care may work together; more specifically however, our objective is to document, from different perspectives, how social networks have impacted, supported and helped sustain holistic self-participatory care. Methods: A literature review was performed to investigate the use of social media for promoting health in general and complementary alternative care in particular. We also explore a case study of an intervention for improving the health of Greek senior citizens through digital and other means. Results: The Health Belief Model provides a framework for assessing the benefits of social media interventions in promoting comprehensive participatory self-care. Some interventions are particularly effective when integrating social media with real-world encounters. Yet not all social media tools are evidence-based and efficacious. Interestingly, social media is also used to elicit patient ratings of treatments (e.g., for depression), often demonstrating the effectiveness of complementary treatments, such as yoga and mindfulness meditation. Conclusions: To facilitate the use of social media for the promotion of complementary alternative medicine through self-quantification, social connectedness and sharing of experiences, exploration of concrete and abstract ideas are presented herewithin. The main mechanisms by which social support may help improve health - emotional support, an ability to share experiences, and non-hierarchal roles, emphasizing reciprocity in giving and receiving support – are integral to social media and provide great hope for its effective us

A data-driven agent based simulation platform for early health economics device evaluation

Health economics is a relatively new but growing field within the discipline of economics and is concerned with making the best use of scarce resources. Early health economic estimates of new medical devices, in particular, can assist producers of health technology in making appropriate product design and investment decisions. It allows companies to understand their likely market and possible reimbursement more thoroughly. Despite the many advantages of point-of-care testing the key problem facing decision makers at the moment is the poor understanding of the potential value gained from new or alternative product or service offerings. Understanding medical device features in the wider market place can be addressed used agent based modelling and simulation (ABMS). In this paper we examine the use of ABMS underpinned by a novel data-driven approach to model generation. A sepsis use case is presented where pathway and device characteristics are defined using the ‘headroom’ method and a semantic evidence capture application. Types and sub-types are automatically extracted into agent models and subsequently executed in our own data-driven agent based simulation platform (TEASIM). A highly typed data-driven approach is evaluated in a manner that clearly presents the technical aspects of TEASIM platform and its practical usage. Initial evaluation of a data-driven approach (and the TEASIM platform) is positive. The approach offers a viable guide to product development in a cost-effective manner, especially in the earlier stages when deciding between potential product configurations or features.Innovate UK provided the funding for the Tea-PoCT project

The web 2.0 Internet: Democratized Internet collaborations in the healthcare sector

Les col•laboracions democratitzades a Internet, entenent-les com les eines participatives de la xarxa, o la Web 2.0, afecten en l'actualitat a nombrosos aspectes la nostra vida. Els acadèmics destaquen el potencial de la Web 2.0 per millorar l’aprenentatge o la salut, així com el seu continu impacte en sectors com el de la tecnologia de mitjans de comunicació. També plantegen un gran nombre de qüestions importants als professionals i estudiosos. Per exemple, la consideració crítica de la Web 2.0 com una bombolla o bé com un element més del màrqueting, que necessita d'una determinació del seu abast i naturalesa. Aquest mateix punt és aplicable a l'ús de la Web 2.0 en el sector sanitari, també anomenat com Medicina 2.0 o Sanitat 2.0. Referent a això, considerant el risc que el contingut generat per altres usuaris sigui utilitzat per prendre decisions relatives a la salut, i tenint en compte l'eficàcia no provada de la Web 2.0 com a instrument de la política sanitària, els acadèmics del tema conviden a la definició de millors models que es puguin aplicar a l'ús pràctic d'aquesta eina. Aquesta tesi es centra en l'estudi d'aquestes qüestions fonamentals, en un camp que es mou a gran velocitat, per darrera de la pràctica real, i que requereix la concertació d'una investigació interdisciplinària. Per tant, aquesta tesi incorpora set obres diferents que ofereixen àmplies perspectives sobre l'ús d'eines de col•laboració en la xarxa en el camp de l'atenció sanitària, cadascuna analitzant el tema amb una profunditat suficient com per seguir sent rellevant en un camp en ràpida evolució. Aquestes obres inclouen un examen d'(1) la Web 2.0 i (2) la Medicina 2.0, utilitzant l'anàlisi del contingut de milions de converses de la xarxa per identificar les principals qüestions pràctiques o teòriques i les tensions subjacents a cada concepte. Dos estudis addicionals analitzen (3) com i per què els metges fan servir les eines de la Web 2.0, i (4) com els metges busquen la informació en aquest context en constant moviment com és el d'Internet. Aquests dos estudis es basen en enquestes, diaris i entrevistes amb els metges que treballen en el Servei Nacional de Salut del Regne Unit. Tots dos destaquen resultats importants com ara models per a l'ús de la Medicina 2.0, o contribucions importants a la literatura com la connexió de la recerca cognitiva en la xarxa i la valoració de la informació en xarxa, tots dos camps sense connexió amb anterioritat a aquest treball. Tres estudis addicionals analitzen la web 2.0 des d'una perspectiva organitzacional, incloent (5) un estudi dels models de disseny de l'ús de la Web 2.0 en el sector farmacèutic, el qual detalla els millors models de pràctiques d'ús, i la seva clara relació amb els models de disseny de codi obert, i (6) també les estratègies d'innovació oberta al sector farmacèutic, on les eines de col•laboració en la xarxa permeten aquest tipus d'estratègies. Els dos últims estudis fan servir entrevistes amb 120 executius del sector farmacèutic analitzats a través d'anàlisi temàtic. Tots dos fan contribucions importants a la literatura mitjançant la caracterització de les estratègies d'innovació oberta i les implicacions per generar la capacitat d'absorció en el context d'innovació oberta. L'últim estudi (7) examina la Medicina 2.0 des de la perspectiva dels proveïdors de serveis de salut, per ajudar a la gestió d'ús de la Web 2.0 com un instrument per a millorar l’atenció sanitària. En general, hi ha moltes contribucions importants a la literatura, que en conjunt aconsegueixen ampliar el panorama de la Web 2.0 en l'assistència sanitària, i aporten consideracions especifiques a la literatura que abasta els sistemes d'informació, les ciències de la informació i la informàtica mèdica , així com la innovació oberta i l'estratègia. Las colaboraciones democratizadas en Internet, entendiéndolas como las herramientas participativas de la red o la Web 2.0, afectan en la actualidad a numerosos aspectos nuestra vida. Los académicos destacan el potencial de la Web 2.0 para mejorar el eAprendizaje o la salud, así como su continuo impacto en sectores como el de la tecnología de medios de comunicación. También plantean un gran número de cuestiones importantes a los profesionales y estudiosos. Por ejemplo, la consideración crítica de la Web 2.0 como una burbuja o bien como un elemento más del marketing, que necesita de una determinación de su alcance y naturaleza. Este mismo punto es aplicable al uso de la Web 2.0 en el sector sanitario, también denominado como Medicina 2.0 o Sanitad 2.0. A este respecto y considerando el riesgo de que el contenido generado por otros usuarios sea utilizado para tomar decisiones relativas a la salud, y la eficacia no probada de la Web 2.0 como instrumento de la política sanitaria; los académicos del tema invitan a la definición de mejores modelos que se puedan aplicar al uso práctico de esta herramienta. Esta tesis se centra en el estudio de estas cuestiones fundamentales, en un campo que se mueve a gran velocidad, por detrás de la práctica real, y que requiere la concertación de una investigación interdisciplinaria. Por lo tanto, esta tesis incorpora siete obras distintas que ofrecen amplias perspectivas sobre el uso de herramientas de colaboración en la red en el campo de la atención sanitaria, cada una analizando el tema con una profundidad suficiente como para seguir siendo relevante en un campo en rápida evolución. Estas obras incluyen un examen de (1) la Web 2.0 y (2) la Medicina 2.0, utilizando el análisis del contenido de millones de conversaciones de la red, para identificar las principales cuestiones prácticas o teóricas y las tensiones que subyacen a cada concepto. Dos estudios adicionales analizan (3) cómo y por qué los médicos usan las herramientas de la Web 2.0, y (4) cómo los médicos buscan la información en este contexto en constante movimiento como es el de Internet. Estos dos estudios se basan en encuestas, diarios y entrevistas con los médicos que trabajan en el Servicio Nacional de Salud del Reino Unido. Ambos destacan resultados importantes tales como modelos para el uso de la Medicina 2.0, o contribuciones importantes a la literatura como la conexión de la búsqueda cognitiva en la red y la valoración de la información en red, ambos campos sin conexión con anterioridad al presente trabajo.Tres estudios adicionales analizan la Web 2.0 desde una perspectiva organizacional, incluyendo (5) un estudio de los modelos de diseño del uso de la Web 2.0 en el sector farmacéutico, el cual detalla los mejores modelos de prácticas de uso, y su clara relación con los modelos de diseño de la open source, y (6) y también las estrategias de innovación abierta en el sector farmacéutico donde las herramientas de colaboración en la red permiten este tipo de estrategias. Los dos últimos estudios emplean entrevistas con 120 ejecutivos del sector farmacéutico analizados a través de análisis temático. Ambos hacen contribuciones importantes a la literatura mediante la caracterización de las estrategias de innovación abierta y las implicaciones para generar la capacidad de absorción en el contexto de innovación abierta. El último estudio (7) examina la Medicina 2.0 desde la perspectiva de los proveedores de servicios de salud, para ayudar a la gestión de uso de la Web 2.0 como un instrumento para la gestión de una mejor atención sanitaria. En general, hay muchas contribuciones importantes a la literatura, que en conjunto logran ampliar el panorama de la Web 2.0 en la asistencia sanitaria, y aportan consideraciones específicas a la literatura que abarca los sistemas de información, las ciencias de la información, la informática médica, así como la innovación abierta y la estrategia.Democratized internet collaborations, referring to participatory online tools or Web 2.0, now impact many aspects of people’s lives. Scholars note Web 2.0’s potential to improve eLearning or healthcare, and its ongoing impact in sectors such as tech-media. They also raise a plethora of important questions for practitioners and scholars, such as the criticism of Web 2.0 as hype or marketing term, which necessitates some determination of the scope and nature of Web 2.0. This holds equally for Web 2.0’s use in health care, denoted as Medicine 2.0 or Health 2.0. Moreover, given the risks of people using user-generated content for health decisions, and its unproven effectiveness as a health policy tool, scholars have called for best practice models of use. This thesis addresses these fundamental issues, in a field that is fast moving, behind actual practice, and that requires concerted inter-disciplinary research. Therefore, this thesis incorporates seven distinct works that provide broad perspectives on the use of online collaboration tools in healthcare, each analyzing a specific topic in enough depth to remain relevant in a fast moving field. These works include an examination of (1) Web 2.0 and (2) Medicine 2.0, using content analysis of millions of online conversations to surface the major practical or theoretical issues and tensions that underpin each concept. Two further studies examine (3) how and why doctors use Web 2.0 tools, and (4) how doctors search or forage for information in this evolving internet environment. These two studies rely on surveys, diaries and interviews from doctors working in the UK’s National Health Service (NHS). Both highlight important results, such as models for Medicine 2.0 use, or make important contributions to literature such as connecting the previously separate cognitive online search and internet information judgment literatures. Three further studies examine Web 2.0 from an organizational perspective, including (5) design patterns of Web 2.0’s use in global Pharma, which details best practice models of use and its clear link to Open Source design patterns, and (6) global Pharma’s Open Innovation strategies, where online collaboration tools enable these strategies. The latter two studies employ interviews with 120 pharmaceutical executives analyzed through thematic analysis. They make major contributions to literature by characterizing open innovation strategies and gleaning implications for Absorptive Capacity in the Open Innovation context. The final study (7) examines Medicine 2.0 form the perspective of health service providers, informing management using eHealth as an instrument for improved healthcare management. Overall, there are many major contributions to literature, which together achieve both a broad overview of Web 2.0 in healthcare, but also make specific additions to literature encompassing information systems, information science, medical informatics, and open innovation and strategy

Innovation in Mobile Learning: A European Perspective

In the evolving landscape of mobile learning, European researchers have conducted significant mobile learning projects, representing a distinct perspective on mobile learning research and development. Our paper aims to explore how these projects have arisen, showing the driving forces of European innovation in mobile learning. We propose context as a central construct in mobile learning and examine theories of learning for the mobile world, based on physical, technological, conceptual, social and temporal mobility. We also examine the impacts of mobile learning research on educational practices and the implications for policy. Throughout, we identify lessons learnt from European experiences to date

The state of the art in clinical knowledge management: An inventory of tools and techniques

Purpose To explore the need for, and use of, high-quality, collaborative, clinical knowledge management (CKM) tools and techniques to manage clinical decision support (CDS) content. Methods In order to better understand the current state of the art in CKM, we developed a survey of potential CKM tools and techniques. We conducted an exploratory study by querying a convenience sample of respondents about their use of specific practices in CKM. Results The following tools and techniques should be priorities in organizations interested in developing successful computer-based provider order entry (CPOE) and CDS implementations: (1) a multidisciplinary team responsible for creating and maintaining the clinical content; (2) an external organizational repository of clinical content with web-based viewer that allows anyone in the organization to review it; (3) an online, collaborative, interactive, Internet-based tool to facilitate content development; (4) an enterprise-wide tool to maintain the controlled clinical terminology concepts. Even organizations that have been successfully using computer-based provider order entry with advanced clinical decision support features for well over 15 years are not using all of the CKM tools or practices that we identified. Conclusions If we are to further stimulate progress in the area of clinical decision support, we must continue to develop and refine our understanding and use of advanced CKM capabilities