Digitalization and Development

This book examines the diffusion of digitalization and Industry 4.0 technologies in Malaysia by focusing on the ecosystem critical for its expansion. The chapters examine the digital proliferation in major sectors of agriculture, manufacturing, e-commerce and services, as well as the intermediary organizations essential for the orderly performance of socioeconomic agents. The book incisively reviews policy instruments critical for the effective and orderly development of the embedding organizations, and the regulatory framework needed to quicken the appropriation of socioeconomic synergies from digitalization and Industry 4.0 technologies. It highlights the importance of collaboration between government, academic and industry partners, as well as makes key recommendations on how to encourage adoption of IR4.0 technologies in the short- and long-term. This book bridges the concepts and applications of digitalization and Industry 4.0 and will be a must-read for policy makers seeking to quicken the adoption of its technologies

Digitalization and Development

This book examines the diffusion of digitalization and Industry 4.0 technologies in Malaysia by focusing on the ecosystem critical for its expansion. The chapters examine the digital proliferation in major sectors of agriculture, manufacturing, e-commerce and services, as well as the intermediary organizations essential for the orderly performance of socioeconomic agents. The book incisively reviews policy instruments critical for the effective and orderly development of the embedding organizations, and the regulatory framework needed to quicken the appropriation of socioeconomic synergies from digitalization and Industry 4.0 technologies. It highlights the importance of collaboration between government, academic and industry partners, as well as makes key recommendations on how to encourage adoption of IR4.0 technologies in the short- and long-term. This book bridges the concepts and applications of digitalization and Industry 4.0 and will be a must-read for policy makers seeking to quicken the adoption of its technologies

An Analysis of General and Multi-Area ICT ODA

학위논문(석사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 국제대학원 국제학과(국제지역학전공), 2021.8. 오윤아.This research examines the ODA patterns between South Korea’s partnering countries in Southeast Asia during 2015-2019. The partnering countries are six nations in Southeast Asia designated under KOICA’s 3rd Mid-Term Strategy for International Development Cooperation (2021-2025) (Cambodia, Lao PDR, Indonesia, Myanmar, the Philippines, and Vietnam). The research aims to differentiate the cross-cutting traits of ICT projects by dividing them into two categories: General ICT and Multi-Area ICT. By doing so, the study organizes and recategorizes the existing ICT ODA projects into one group that focuses on the infrastructural and general technology-based aspect of ICT development and the other group that focuses on the integration with other sectors like agriculture, health, education, etc. Furthermore, the research analyzes the domestic ICT policies of the six partnering countries and compares the national focus given by the relevant ministry from 2015 to 2019. National Development Reports, Government Action Plans, and official news reports were observed to indicate the national agenda towards ICT development within the respective nation. Through the analysis, it was noticeable how some countries focused on ‘General ICT’ development, others toward ‘Multi-Area ICT’ development, and some countries focused on both. Ultimately, the ICT ODA statistics from EDCF and OECD are recategorized into the two groups and the ODA patterns by each group are compared with the policy analysis to conclude whether the ICT ODA patterns were consistent with the recipient country’s policies. Thereby, this research concludes how Indonesia, Lao PDR, and Vietnam’s ICT policies matched the ICT ODA patterns between South Korea while Cambodia, Myanmar, and the Philippines did not. Yet, all six countries expressed consistent, strong interest and need for ICT development within the recent five years which notes the potential South Korea can play as a donor country in the future for both General and Multi-Area ICT ODA.이 논문은 한국의 동남아시아 중점협력국 (캄보디아, 인도네시아, 라오스, 미얀마, 필리핀, 베트남) 공적개발원조(ODA) 양상을 고찰하며, 정보통신기술(ICT) 분야 ODA 재분류를 통해 해당 ODA와 협력국의 수요 일치 여부를 고찰한다. 한국은 국제사회에서 유일하게 원조 수원국에서 공여국으로 전환한 국가이며, 2009년 OECD DAC에 가입 후 본격적인 ODA 사업을 시작했다. 1990년대에 동남아시아 국가 연합(ASEAN)을 중심으로 경제통합이 활발해지며 경제성장 격차 해소를 위한 개발수요가 증가했다. 이후 한국은 ASEAN 특별정상회의를 지속적으로 가지며, 동남아시아 국가들 간의 개발격차 완화에 적극적인 지원을 해왔다. 특히 2021년 초 발표된 제3차 국제개발협력 종합기본계획 (‘21~’25년)을 살펴보면, ODA 규모의 2배 확대와 신남방정책에 맞춘 4대 전략목표 (포용적 ODA, 상생하는 ODA, 혁신적 ODA, 함께하는 ODA)와 12개의 중점과제를 제시했다. 또한 아시아 지역을 중점으로 한 지원정책을 통해 신남방 국가 사업 규모를 7,714억원으로 확장 시키며, 협력국들의 수요에 맞춘 효과적 개발협력 추진을 위해 노력하고 있다. 동시에 4차 산업혁명을 통해 ICT 인프라의 중요성이 강조되고 있고, 개발도상국들은 디지털 격차 (digital divide)로 인해 ICT 인프라 구축 및 기술 습득에 대한 수요가 높아지고 있다. 이를 바탕으로, 이 논문은 첫째, ICT ODA의 정의에 대한 재분류를 제시한다. OECD CRS분류에 따른 ‘ICT’의 분류 사업과 ICT 요소를 지닌 타 분류사업들을 수집 후 이를‘일반 ICT’와 ‘융합 ICT’로 재분류 한다. 둘째, 중점협력국의 각 국가개발보고서, 정보통신부의 정책들을 살펴보며 국가의 ICT 수요를 살펴본다. 셋째, 2015년도부터 2019년도 간 ICT ODA 양상을 살펴본 후 재분류를 통해 중점협력국의 수요에 부합하는 ICT ODA 사업이 추진되고 있는지 파악하고자 한다. 이 논문은 ICT ODA의 재분류와 중점협력국의 수요 분석을 통해 ICT의 범분야적 특성을 체계적으로 접근하여, ODA 사업 현황을 종합적으로 분석할 수 있음에 의미가 있다.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2. Significance and Purpose of Research 4 1.3 Research Question and Design 7 1.4 Overview of Chapters 7 Chapter 2. Analytical Framework 9 2.1 Literature Review 9 2.1.1 ICT and Development 9 2.1.2 ICT ODA Categorization 15 2.2 ICT ODA Recategorization Framework 17 Chapter 3. ICT Policy in Partnering Countries 22 3.1 ICT Environment Comparison 24 3.2 Country’s ICT Policies 29 3.3 Summary 45 Chapter 4. Examining South Korea’s ICT ODA to Partnering Countries under Recategorization 47 4.1 South Korea’s ICT ODA with Partnering Countries (2015-2019) 47 4.1.1 General ICT ODA Status 50 4.1.2 Multi-Area ICT ODA Status 52 4.2 Match between Partner's policy focus and ICT ODA patterns 54 4.2.1 Overall Patterns of ICT ODA 54 4.2.2 Partnering Country’s ICT Policy Focus and ICT ODA Patterns 56 4.3 Summary 62 Chapter 5. Conclusion 63 5.1 Findings 63 5.2 Limitation and Future Research 65 Bibliography 68 Appendix 77 Abstract in Korean 127석

Smart Energy for the World: The Rise of a Technonationalist Discourse in Japan in the Late 2000s

In recent years, "smart city" has become a buzzword in discussions about urbanisation. While in Europe and North America the initial utopian optimism has now receded, due to booming implementation costs and surveillance concerns, the smart city model has taken root in rapidly urbanising Asia in particular, thanks to the activism of China and Japan. For the latter, smart city technologies and technical know-how represent the new frontier of export goods. In April 2018, the Government of Japan and that of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam announced the construction of a new smart city on the outskirts of the Vietnamese capital Hanoi that is set to become Japan's largest ODA project to date. Despite changes in the global hegemonic narratives on smart cities, the new project bears the features of an urban settlement that revolves around technological data collection for the sake of perfect efficiency, rather than for its prospective inhabitants. Against this backdrop, how did the Government of Japan succeed in constructing a convincing narrative for made-in-Japan smart cities? Since 2011, thanks to specific initiatives by Japan's government and investments by Japanese tech companies in the sector, a Japanese discourse on smart cities has emerged. Through an examination of earlier critiques of the smart city model and a close analysis of official policies and books by energy policy intellectuals, this paper will identify the main features of the Japanese discourse on smart cities and place it in the context of an evolving broader global narrative. The study demonstrates how the Japanese discourse on smart cities largely reflects a corporate managerial vision of the city and, at the same time, a “technonationalist” approach that informs the country's foreign policy

Asia-Europe Sustainable Connectivity Scientific Conference - Book of Abstracts

This publication is a collection of extended abstracts submitted to the Asia-Europe Sustainable Connectivity Scientific Conference. The conference is jointly organised by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, the Asia-Europe Foundation, the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia and the Center for China and Globalization. It aims at creating a forum to share the latest research as well as to discuss the global and local challenges associated to connectivity.JRC.I.1-Monitoring, Indicators & Impact Evaluatio

Social and Political Issues on Sustainable Development in the Post Covid-19 Crisis

As a threat, a pandemic has indirect implications for social, economic and political conditions both at domestic and international levels. Thus, collective and comprehensive efforts are needed in responding to and preventing the expansion of infections caused by the virus, including Covid-19. This international conference provides the discourse on social, economic as well as political issues regarding the condition after the pandemic. Social issues are studied through social welfare, sociology, governance, communication and international relations approaches. Meanwhile, economic problems are discussed through business, economic development and economic management approaches. Under the First International Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences (ICHSOS) 2021, speakers from several countries provided solutions and alternative perspectives in preventing and dealing with problems after the Covid-19 pandemic. This book contains 42 papers presented at the conference