Mixing the reactive with the personal: Opportunities for end-user programming in personal information management

The transition of personal information management (PIM) tools off the desktop to the Web presents an opportunity to augment these tools with capabilities provided by the wealth of real-time information readily available. In this chapter, we describe a personal information assistance engine that lets end-users delegate to it various simple context- and activity-reactive tasks and reminders. Our system, Atomate, treats RSS/ATOM feeds from social networking and life-tracking sites as sensor streams, integrating information from such feeds into a simple unified RDF world model representing people, places and things and their time-varying states and activities. Combined with other information sources on the web, including the user's online calendar, web-based e-mail client, news feeds and messaging services, Atomate can be made to automatically carry out a variety of simple tasks for the user, ranging from context-aware filtering and messaging, to sharing and social coordination actions. Atomate's open architecture and world model easily accommodate new information sources and actions via the addition of feeds and web services. To make routine use of the system easy for non-programmers, Atomate provides a constrained-input natural language interface (CNLI) for behavior specification, and a direct-manipulation interface for inspecting and updating its world model

NILMTK: An Open Source Toolkit for Non-intrusive Load Monitoring

Non-intrusive load monitoring, or energy disaggregation, aims to separate household energy consumption data collected from a single point of measurement into appliance-level consumption data. In recent years, the field has rapidly expanded due to increased interest as national deployments of smart meters have begun in many countries. However, empirically comparing disaggregation algorithms is currently virtually impossible. This is due to the different data sets used, the lack of reference implementations of these algorithms and the variety of accuracy metrics employed. To address this challenge, we present the Non-intrusive Load Monitoring Toolkit (NILMTK); an open source toolkit designed specifically to enable the comparison of energy disaggregation algorithms in a reproducible manner. This work is the first research to compare multiple disaggregation approaches across multiple publicly available data sets. Our toolkit includes parsers for a range of existing data sets, a collection of preprocessing algorithms, a set of statistics for describing data sets, two reference benchmark disaggregation algorithms and a suite of accuracy metrics. We demonstrate the range of reproducible analyses which are made possible by our toolkit, including the analysis of six publicly available data sets and the evaluation of both benchmark disaggregation algorithms across such data sets.Comment: To appear in the fifth International Conference on Future Energy Systems (ACM e-Energy), Cambridge, UK. 201

Knowledge Representation Concepts for Automated SLA Management

Outsourcing of complex IT infrastructure to IT service providers has increased substantially during the past years. IT service providers must be able to fulfil their service-quality commitments based upon predefined Service Level Agreements (SLAs) with the service customer. They need to manage, execute and maintain thousands of SLAs for different customers and different types of services, which needs new levels of flexibility and automation not available with the current technology. The complexity of contractual logic in SLAs requires new forms of knowledge representation to automatically draw inferences and execute contractual agreements. A logic-based approach provides several advantages including automated rule chaining allowing for compact knowledge representation as well as flexibility to adapt to rapidly changing business requirements. We suggest adequate logical formalisms for representation and enforcement of SLA rules and describe a proof-of-concept implementation. The article describes selected formalisms of the ContractLog KR and their adequacy for automated SLA management and presents results of experiments to demonstrate flexibility and scalability of the approach.Comment: Paschke, A. and Bichler, M.: Knowledge Representation Concepts for Automated SLA Management, Int. Journal of Decision Support Systems (DSS), submitted 19th March 200

Mechanism Deduction from Noisy Chemical Reaction Networks

We introduce KiNetX, a fully automated meta-algorithm for the kinetic analysis of complex chemical reaction networks derived from semi-accurate but efficient electronic structure calculations. It is designed to (i) accelerate the automated exploration of such networks, and (ii) cope with model-inherent errors in electronic structure calculations on elementary reaction steps. We developed and implemented KiNetX to possess three features. First, KiNetX evaluates the kinetic relevance of every species in a (yet incomplete) reaction network to confine the search for new elementary reaction steps only to those species that are considered possibly relevant. Second, KiNetX identifies and eliminates all kinetically irrelevant species and elementary reactions to reduce a complex network graph to a comprehensible mechanism. Third, KiNetX estimates the sensitivity of species concentrations toward changes in individual rate constants (derived from relative free energies), which allows us to systematically select the most efficient electronic structure model for each elementary reaction given a predefined accuracy. The novelty of KiNetX consists in the rigorous propagation of correlated free-energy uncertainty through all steps of our kinetic analyis. To examine the performance of KiNetX, we developed AutoNetGen. It semirandomly generates chemistry-mimicking reaction networks by encoding chemical logic into their underlying graph structure. AutoNetGen allows us to consider a vast number of distinct chemistry-like scenarios and, hence, to discuss assess the importance of rigorous uncertainty propagation in a statistical context. Our results reveal that KiNetX reliably supports the deduction of product ratios, dominant reaction pathways, and possibly other network properties from semi-accurate electronic structure data.Comment: 36 pages, 4 figures, 2 table

Implementation of Restorative Justice Practices within our Schools

This School Improvement Plan details the importance of implementing a restorative justice system for high school students amongst the current educational climate. Current research points to restorative practices for long term improvement of student behavior and eliminating racial disparities in exclusionary discipline policies. Research indicates schools that places value on empathy and growth foster positive student-teacher relationships leading to a positive school climate. With those findings in mind, this plan focuses on creating school policy that eliminates racial disparities in discipline, reduces office referrals, and improving school culture. The plan outlines an implementation guide for administrators and teachers along with details for all staff professional development

Context-Adaptive Coordination of Pervasive Services by Interpreting Models during Runtime

[EN] One of the most important goals of pervasive systems is to help users in their daily life by automating their behaviour patterns. To achieve this, pervasive services must be dynamically coordinated, executed and adapted to context according to user behaviour patterns. In this work, we propose a model-driven solution to meet this challenge. We propose a task model and a context ontology to design context-adaptive coordination of services at a high level of abstraction. This design facilitates the coordination analysis at design time and is also reused at runtime. We propose a software architecture that interprets the models at runtime in order to coordinate the service execution that is required to support user behaviour patterns. This coordination is done in a context-adaptive way and decoupled from service implementation. This approach makes the models the only representation of service coordination, which facilitates the maintenance and evolution of the executed service coordination after deployment.This work has been developed with the support of (a) MICINN under the project EVERYWARE TIN2010-18011 and (b) MITYC under the project LIFEWEAR TSI-020400-2010-100 co-funded with ERDF.Serral Asensio, E.; Valderas Aranda, PJ.; Pelechano Ferragud, V. (2013). Context-Adaptive Coordination of Pervasive Services by Interpreting Models during Runtime. Computer Journal. 56(1):87-114. https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxs019S8711456

An Analysis of the Efficacy of Disciplinary Methods

The practice of punitive discipline is the most common response to misbehavior in American school systems, despite having no evidence to support its continued use. However, there is research that demonstrates its active harm to students in multiple capacities. Punitive discipline has been found to only exacerbate students’ behavior issues, as well as negatively impact their academic performance. Additionally, research has pointed out that punitive discipline impacts students of minority demographics at a significantly higher rate than students belonging to majority demographics. More research in the way of alternative restorative policies, such as Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS), is desperately needed so that districts can see an effective substitute. Punitive discipline does not correct behavior, improve grades, or provide any benefit to students. Therefore, punitive discipline should be abandoned in favor of restorative policies that are proven to help students get back on track

A deployed multi agent system for meteorological alerts

The Australian Bureau of Meteorology has a requirement for complex and evolving systems to manage its weather forecasting, monitoring and alerts. This paper describes a system that monitors in real time the current terminal area forecasts (forecasts for areas around airports) and alerts forecasters to inconsistencies between these and observations obtained from automatic weather station (AWS) data. The contributions of the paper are a description of the overall architecture including legacy components, and the mechanisms that have been used to interface to legacy components; a description of an inferencing mechanism, available in recent versions of the JACK Intelligent Agents toolkit which has been particularly useful in some of the reasoning needed in this application; and a detailed description of the architecture for data sharing and data management. The system is currently deployed and a project is underway to extend this to a much larger system