Using Blockchain Technology in Smart Life Applications

مقدمة: Blockchain هي قاعدة بيانات يتم تخزينها بترتيب زمني بطريقة آمنة ومستقرة. كانت Bitcoin هي التطبيق الأولي لتقنية Blockchain ، ولكن نظرًا لفوائدها من حيث الأمان والخصوصية والتحكم الذاتي ، فقد تم اعتمادها منذ ذلك الحين من قبل مجموعة متنوعة من التطبيقات. يتم إنشاء تقنية Blockchain عن طريق ربط الكتل معًا بشكل مشفر. نظرًا لأن كل كتلة تحتوي على كلٍ من التجزئة الخاصة بها وتجزئة الكتلة السابقة لها ، فلا يمكن لأي شخص خارجي كسر السلسلة. تُستخدم تقنية Blockchain ضمن مجموعة متنوعة من التطبيقات ، بما في ذلك الصناعية والتجارية والأمنية وسلسلة التوريد وإنترنت الأشياء وغيرها. هذا لأنه يتميز بمزايا التحكم في البيانات وتنظيمها وتخزينها. الغرض من هذه المقالة هو سرد بعض التطبيقات ومجالات التطوير الخاصة بـ Blockchain.   طرق العمل: في تقنية Blockchain ، يعد الأمان والاستقرار (الثبات) واللامركزية من بين الأشياء المهمة التي تجعل هذه التقنية مفيدة في مختلف مجالات الحياة التي تخدم المستخدم. تم استخدام هذه المزايا لحل العديد من المشكلات التي تواجه الشبكة ، بما في ذلك المشكلات المتعلقة بالإنتاجية ووقت المعالجة وقابلية التوسع. تم استخدام طرق مختلفة في الحل ، بما في ذلك العمل على تغيير هيكل الشبكة ، واختيار عقدة أساسية (المدير) ، والتعدين الموازي ، والتنافس مع عمال المناجم الآخرين. الاستنتاجات: ازداد الميل إلى استخدام تقنية Blockchain في العديد من المجالات ، بما في ذلك المالية والزراعية والتجارية والصحية وإنترنت الأشياء وغيرها ، نظرًا لمزاياها ، بما في ذلك اللامركزية والتوزيع والموثوقية والاستقرار. هناك اتجاهات أخرى عملت على تطوير أداء وكفاءة وأمان نظام Blockchain نفسه في إنترنت الأشياء والرعاية الصحية وسلسلة التوريد والقطاع المصرفي والتسويق الرقمي بالإضافة إلى الدراسات التي تشمل تحسين الكفاءة والأمان وتطوير النظام.Background: Materials and Methods:      In Blockchain technology, security, stability (immutability), and decentralization are among the important things that make this technology useful in various areas of life that serve the user. These advantages were used to solve many problems facing the network, including those of productivity, processing time, and scalability. Various methods were used in the solution, including working on a change in the network structure, choosing a basic node (the manager), parallel mining, and competing with other miners. Results:     Through recent studies, it has been shown that the Blockchain technology has been used in various fields, as it is characterized by many advantages, the most important of which are security, decentralization, and stability. Because of these advantages, it outperforms other technologies. Conclusion:     Due to its advantages, the tendency to use blockchain technology has increased in many fields, including financial, agricultural, commercial, health, the Internet of Things, and others. It includes decentralization, distribution, reliability, and stability. There are other trends that have worked to improve the performance, efficiency, and security of the blockchain system itself, In the Internet of Things, healthcare, supply chain management, the banking sector, and digital marketing In addition to studies that include improving the efficiency, security, and development of the system

Security and immutability of open data in healthcare

Clinical data are sensitive data given the origin of the information. Since the implementation of health information systems, some issues such as interoperability, security, and privacy have been strongly questioned. Storing and consulting them raises the same concerns. Given these concerns, any attempt to introduce healthcare information systems must guarantee the security and privacy, integrity, and immutability of patient information. It is in this sense that blockchain technology and the openEHR open data model appear, as they manage to guarantee interoperability between systems, data security and guarantees about queries of each stored data. In order to understand how to increase security and immutability in an implementation of open data models in hospitals, two distinct architectures were developed. In these architectures, several performance tests were carried out. To understand which of them represents more value to a health institution, an analysis of the results was prepared and, consequently, a discussion about them was held to be able to draw the respective conclusions.(undefined

Data Security and Privacy on Blockchain Technology

Healthcare is an aspect that possibly to use of blockchain technology, for example for historical treatment, health insurance and patient medical records. In health services, personal health data will be recorded in the form of a blockchain. This research explains its mechanism and implementation in the healthcare field. On the other hand, this study also discussed the vulnerability caused by the mechanism that applies in the blockchain

Enhancing healthcare information sharing with blockchain technology

Blockchain, the foundation of many cryptocurrencies, also can be useful for many other industries such as healthcare. Blockchain can enforce immutability and non-repudiation for information stored on it. Although some say the technology is not yet mature enough, others are putting blockchain to the test with programs and pilots. Examining these efforts and dissecting the detail allows us to look at blockchain’s qualities and pitfalls to allow data sharing efforts with medical records.It is widely agreed that sharing medical data outside of the silos where it is captured or created will benefit the individual’s care and outcomes. Regulation and personal humility often stand in the way of this sharing. Blockchain is offering new and novel ways to share data properly and securely with only the providers or researchers who are supposed to receive it. Blockchain is also allowing the patient to take control of their health data and in some cases, even profit from it. This is the concept behind a proposal by the author to allow a patient to share all or part of their data for research and to be justly compensated for that sharing

A Comprehensive Review on Blockchain Technology in Healthcare System

Blockchain technology is a transformative force with far-reaching implications in various professional sectors, including healthcare. This technology is characterized by its continuous evolution, fostering trust and information security across geographical distances through a linked series of data blocks. In recent years, the surge in blockchain adoption has spurred extensive research and innovation, particularly in healthcare applications. This survey offers a comprehensive examination of emerging blockchain-based healthcare technologies and their associated applications. It delves into key research areas within this rapidly growing field, providing detailed insights. Moreover, it underscores the potential of blockchain technology to revolutionize the healthcare industry by enhancing data security, fostering transparency, and enabling innovative solutions

Creating an Inter-hospital Resilient Network for Pandemic Response Based on Blockchain and Dynamic Digital Twins

This study proposes to develop new knowledge about how to configure digital information for pandemic rapid response, which can use blockchain and digital-driven approaches to facilitate analyses and develop a total solution. Developing and using the rich data implied by dynamic digital twins and blockchain is relevant to manage both patients and medical resources (e.g., doctors/nurses, PPE, beds and ventilators etc.) at the COVID-19 and post COVID period. This paper learns from the experiences of resources deployment/redeployment and pandemic response from UK Hospitals to explore the blockchain solutions for preparing healthcare systems ready for both efficient operation daily and in pandemic thorough (1) information integration of patient (privacy protected) flow and medical resource flow from healthcare and medical records; (2) optimizing the deployment of such resources based on hospitals, regions and local pandemic levels switching from normal to the outbreak. The main idea is to develop the novel framework for creating an inter-hospital resilient network for pandemic response based on blockchain and dynamic digital twin, which will set up innovative ways to best care for patients, protect NHS staff, and support government scientific decisions to beat COVID-19 now and manage the crisis in the future

Digital service innovation enabled by the blockchain use in healthcare: the case of the allergic patients ledger

International audienceBy combining the institutional approach and the rational model of digital innovation, there is increasingly a great interest in the implementation of blockchain solutions in healthcare but, until then concrete evidence for this type of project is missing. At the same time the healthcare sector, allergology in particular seems to face security (confidentiality, availability and integrity) issues and information audit trail weaknesses. For these reasons, our study focuses on the co-construction of a distributed ledger for patients allergies with healthcare professionals. The aim is to design and implement a reliable tool to deal with the availability , integrity and confidentiality of information about new allergies and distinguish between validated allergies and declarative allergies for the purpose of mitigating negative effects of unavailability of reliable information about patients allergies. This article defers the first step of our methodological cycle by explaining how collaboration is organized between Pikcio (blockchain technology provider) and allergists. As a result, we have first versions of some deliverables such as formal specifications, risk matrix document and a UML design (class diagram, use case diagram and sequence diagram) as the research project is iterative

Exploration of Health Data Management Systems; a Scandinavian Point of View

In the era of digitalization, healthcare has become highly dependent on data management. As a result, health data management systems have become increasingly important in cost reduction, treatment improvement, and healthcare procedures enhancement. This study explores blockchain-based health data management systems and their development factors in the context of smart city assets. The features and challenges of blockchain-based development solutions are explored based on the General Data Protection Regulation act and Regulations for the Directorate for e-Health of Norway. Latent Semantic Analysis correlation examination and word cloud analysis were conducted on scholarly documents and Tweets and a conceptual smart asset development framework for health data management systems has been proposed from a Scandinavian point of view. Moreover, based on the findings, this paper proposes a conceptual patient-centered blockchain-based architecture for the development of current health data management systems in Scandinavia

Blockchain Technology, Technical Challenges and Countermeasures for Illegal Data Insertion

Blockchain is a decentralized transaction and data management technology. It was developed for the world’s first cryptocurrency known as Bitcoin in 2008. The reason behind its popularity was its properties which provide pseudonymity, security, and data integrity without third-party intervention.  Initially, most of the researches were focused on the Bitcoin system and its limitation, but later other applications of Blockchain e.g. smart contracts and licensing [1] also got famous. Blockchain technology has the potential to change the way how transactions are conducted in daily life. It is not limited to cryptocurrencies but could be possibly applied in various environments where any forms of transactions are done. This article presents a comprehensive overview of Blockchain technology, its development, applications, security issues, and their countermeasures. In particular, the security towards illegal data insertion and the countermeasures is focused. Our analysis of countermeasures of illegal data insertion can be combined for increased efficiency. After the introduction of the Blockchain and consensus algorithm, some famous Blockchain applications and expected future of Blockchain are deliberated. Then, the technical challenges of Blockchain are discussed, in which the main focus here is on the security and the data insertion in Blockchain. The review of the possible countermeasures to overcome the security issues related to data insertion are elaborated