3,303 research outputs found
EChO Payload electronics architecture and SW design
EChO is a three-modules (VNIR, SWIR, MWIR), highly integrated spectrometer,
covering the wavelength range from 0.55 m, to 11.0 m. The baseline
design includes the goal wavelength extension to 0.4 m while an optional
LWIR module extends the range to the goal wavelength of 16.0 m.
An Instrument Control Unit (ICU) is foreseen as the main electronic subsystem
interfacing the spacecraft and collecting data from all the payload
spectrometers modules. ICU is in charge of two main tasks: the overall payload
control (Instrument Control Function) and the housekeepings and scientific data
digital processing (Data Processing Function), including the lossless
compression prior to store the science data to the Solid State Mass Memory of
the Spacecraft. These two main tasks are accomplished thanks to the Payload On
Board Software (P-OBSW) running on the ICU CPUs.Comment: Experimental Astronomy - EChO Special Issue 201
The ARIEL Instrument Control Unit design for the M4 Mission Selection Review of the ESA's Cosmic Vision Program
The Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey mission
(ARIEL) is one of the three present candidates for the ESA M4 (the fourth
medium mission) launch opportunity. The proposed Payload will perform a large
unbiased spectroscopic survey from space concerning the nature of exoplanets
atmospheres and their interiors to determine the key factors affecting the
formation and evolution of planetary systems. ARIEL will observe a large number
(>500) of warm and hot transiting gas giants, Neptunes and super-Earths around
a wide range of host star types, targeting planets hotter than 600 K to take
advantage of their well-mixed atmospheres. It will exploit primary and
secondary transits spectroscopy in the 1.2-8 um spectral range and broad-band
photometry in the optical and Near IR (NIR). The main instrument of the ARIEL
Payload is the IR Spectrometer (AIRS) providing low-resolution spectroscopy in
two IR channels: Channel 0 (CH0) for the 1.95-3.90 um band and Channel 1 (CH1)
for the 3.90-7.80 um range. It is located at the intermediate focal plane of
the telescope and common optical system and it hosts two IR sensors and two
cold front-end electronics (CFEE) for detectors readout, a well defined process
calibrated for the selected target brightness and driven by the Payload's
Instrument Control Unit (ICU).Comment: Experimental Astronomy, Special Issue on ARIEL, (2017
From Quantum Optics to Quantum Technologies
Quantum optics is the study of the intrinsically quantum properties of light.
During the second part of the 20th century experimental and theoretical
progress developed together; nowadays quantum optics provides a testbed of many
fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics such as coherence and quantum
entanglement. Quantum optics helped trigger, both directly and indirectly, the
birth of quantum technologies, whose aim is to harness non-classical quantum
effects in applications from quantum key distribution to quantum computing.
Quantum light remains at the heart of many of the most promising and
potentially transformative quantum technologies. In this review, we celebrate
the work of Sir Peter Knight and present an overview of the development of
quantum optics and its impact on quantum technologies research. We describe the
core theoretical tools developed to express and study the quantum properties of
light, the key experimental approaches used to control, manipulate and measure
such properties and their application in quantum simulation, and quantum
computing.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, Accepted, Prog. Quant. Ele
A survey on scheduling and mapping techniques in 3D Network-on-chip
Network-on-Chips (NoCs) have been widely employed in the design of
multiprocessor system-on-chips (MPSoCs) as a scalable communication solution.
NoCs enable communications between on-chip Intellectual Property (IP) cores and
allow those cores to achieve higher performance by outsourcing their
communication tasks. Mapping and Scheduling methodologies are key elements in
assigning application tasks, allocating the tasks to the IPs, and organising
communication among them to achieve some specified objectives. The goal of this
paper is to present a detailed state-of-the-art of research in the field of
mapping and scheduling of applications on 3D NoC, classifying the works based
on several dimensions and giving some potential research directions
A survey of carbon nanotube interconnects for energy efficient integrated circuits
This article is a review of the state-of-art carbon nanotube interconnects for Silicon application with respect to the recent literature. Amongst all the research on carbon nanotube interconnects, those discussed here cover 1) challenges with current copper interconnects, 2) process & growth of carbon nanotube interconnects compatible with back-end-of-line integration, and 3) modeling and simulation for circuit-level benchmarking and performance prediction. The focus is on the evolution of carbon nanotube interconnects from the process, theoretical modeling, and experimental characterization to on-chip interconnect applications. We provide an overview of the current advancements on carbon nanotube interconnects and also regarding the prospects for designing energy efficient integrated circuits. Each selected category is presented in an accessible manner aiming to serve as a survey and informative cornerstone on carbon nanotube interconnects relevant to students and scientists belonging to a range of fields from physics, processing to circuit design
VarSim: A Fast Process Variation-aware Thermal Modeling Methodology Using Green's Functions
Despite temperature rise being a first-order design constraint, traditional
thermal estimation techniques have severe limitations in modeling critical
aspects affecting the temperature in modern-day chips. Existing thermal
modeling techniques often ignore the effects of parameter variation, which can
lead to significant errors. Such methods also ignore the dependence of
conductivity on temperature and its variation. Leakage power is also
incorporated inadequately by state-of-the-art techniques. Thermal modeling is a
process that has to be repeated at least thousands of times in the design
cycle, and hence speed is of utmost importance.
To overcome these limitations, we propose VarSim, an ultrafast thermal
simulator based on Green's functions. Green's functions have been shown to be
faster than the traditional finite difference and finite element-based
approaches but have rarely been employed in thermal modeling. Hence we propose
a new Green's function-based method to capture the effects of leakage power as
well as process variation analytically. We provide a closed-form solution for
the Green's function considering the effects of variation on the process,
temperature, and thermal conductivity. In addition, we propose a novel way of
dealing with the anisotropicity introduced by process variation by splitting
the Green's functions into shift-variant and shift-invariant components. Since
our solutions are analytical expressions, we were able to obtain speedups that
were several orders of magnitude over and above state-of-the-art proposals with
a mean absolute error limited to 4% for a wide range of test cases.
Furthermore, our method accurately captures the steady-state as well as the
transient variation in temperature.Comment: 15 page
CoMeT: An Integrated Interval Thermal Simulation Toolchain for 2D, 2.5 D, and 3D Processor-Memory Systems
Processing cores and the accompanying main memory working in tandem enable
the modern processors. Dissipating heat produced from computation, memory
access remains a significant problem for processors. Therefore, processor
thermal management continues to be an active research topic. Most thermal
management research takes place using simulations, given the challenges of
measuring temperature in real processors. Since core and memory are fabricated
on separate packages in most existing processors, with the memory having lower
power densities, thermal management research in processors has primarily
focused on the cores.
Memory bandwidth limitations associated with 2D processors lead to
high-density 2.5D and 3D packaging technology. 2.5D packaging places cores and
memory on the same package. 3D packaging technology takes it further by
stacking layers of memory on the top of cores themselves. Such packagings
significantly increase the power density, making processors prone to heating.
Therefore, mitigating thermal issues in high-density processors (packaged with
stacked memory) becomes an even more pressing problem. However, given the lack
of thermal modeling for memories in existing interval thermal simulation
toolchains, they are unsuitable for studying thermal management for
high-density processors.
To address this issue, we present CoMeT, the first integrated Core and Memory
interval Thermal simulation toolchain. CoMeT comprehensively supports thermal
simulation of high- and low-density processors corresponding to four different
core-memory configurations - off-chip DDR memory, off-chip 3D memory, 2.5D, and
3D. CoMeT supports several novel features that facilitate overlying system
research. Compared to an equivalent state-of-the-art core-only toolchain, CoMeT
adds only a ~5% simulation-time overhead. The source code of CoMeT has been
made open for public use under the MIT license.Comment: https://github.com/marg-tools/CoMe
A study of recent contributions on simulation tools for Network-on-Chip (NoC)
The growth in the number of Intellectual Properties (IPs) or the number of cores on the same chip becomes a critical issue in System-on-Chip (SoC) due to the intra-communication problem between the chip elements. As a result, Network-on-Chip (NoC) has emerged as a new system architecture to overcome intra-communication issues. New approaches and methodologies have been developed by many researchers to improve NoC. Also, many NoC simulation tools have been proposed and adopted by both academia and industry. This paper presents a study of recent contributions on simulation tools for NoC. Furthermore, an overview of NoC is covered as well as a comparison between some NoC simulators to help facilitate research in on-chip communication
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