Radar Technology

In this book “Radar Technology”, the chapters are divided into four main topic areas: Topic area 1: “Radar Systems” consists of chapters which treat whole radar systems, environment and target functional chain. Topic area 2: “Radar Applications” shows various applications of radar systems, including meteorological radars, ground penetrating radars and glaciology. Topic area 3: “Radar Functional Chain and Signal Processing” describes several aspects of the radar signal processing. From parameter extraction, target detection over tracking and classification technologies. Topic area 4: “Radar Subsystems and Components” consists of design technology of radar subsystem components like antenna design or waveform design

Standardized testing conditions for satellite communications on-the-move (SOTM) terminals

Von Beginn an haben Satelliten Kommunikationsdienste über große Distanzen bereitgestellt. Endgeräte für die mobile Satellitenkommunikation sind mit einer Nachführeinrichtung ausgestattet, um den verwendeten Satelliten bei Bewegung zu verfolgen. Für höchstmöglichen Datendurchsatz und um Störaussendungen zu benachbarten Satelliten zu vermeiden bedarf es akkurater Nachführalgorithmen. Die Prüfung solcher Satcom-On-The-Move (SOTM) Terminals wird dabei zunehmend wichtig, wie Betreiber von Satellitendiensten anhand des negativen Einflusses suboptimaler Geräte auf ihre Infrastruktur bemerken. Herkömmlich werden SOTM-Terminals im Rahmen von Feldtests mit operativen Satelliten geprüft. Solche Tests sind allerdings nicht exakt wiederholbar. Die Reproduzierbarkeit von Tests ist jedoch insbesondere beim Vergleichstest mehrerer Terminals wichtig. Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der Untersuchung eines umfassenden Qualifikationstests von SOTM-Terminals innerhalb einer Laborumgebung, welche Reproduzierbarkeit ermöglicht. Wesentlicher Vorteil der Laborumgebung ist die Möglichkeit, Terminals unter realitätsnahen Bedingungen zu testen - ohne dass reale Satelliten benötigt werden, was die Kosten reduziert. Diese Arbeit behandelt darüber hinaus die Testmethodik in der Fraunhofer-Testanlage ”Facility for Over-the-air Research and Testing (FORTE)”. Wichtige Leistungsparameter wie Nachführgenauigkeit (Antenna De-pointing) und Nachbarsatellitenstörung (Adjacent Satellite Interference, ASI) können akkurat gemessen und ausgewertet werden. Die verwendete Methodik zur Gewinnung der vorgeschlagenen Profile wird in der Arbeit ebenso behandelt wie Testergebnisse von Ka-Band-SOTM Terminals. Wesentlicher Beitrag dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung von Bewegungs- und Abschattungsprofilen für SOTM-Terminaltests. Bewegungsprofilen für die Landmobile und Maritime Umgebungen wurden entwickelt. Für jede Umgebung, zwei Klassen wurden definiert, Klasse A mit Profile die hohe Bewegungsdynamik haben und Klasse B mit Profile die relativ niedrige Bewegungsdynamik haben. Die vorgeschlagenen Bewegungsprofile wurden in der GVF-105 Standard des Global VSAT Forums berücksichtigt. Die Standardisierung solcher Profile ist notwendig, um einen fairen Leistungsvergleich verschiedener Terminals zu garantieren und solche Geräte sicher zu identifizieren, welche Interferenzen im Satellitennetz verursachen. Dies bedeutet im Ergebnis einen Gewinn für die gesamte Satellitenindustrie.Satellites have proven their success in providing communication services especially between distant locations. For Satellite Communication On-The-Move (SOTM) applications, accurate satellite tracking algorithms must be applied in order to ensure the highest possible throughput and also to avoid harmful interference to adjacent satellites. Performance validation of SOTM terminals is becoming more important as the satellite operators recognize the negative influence of suboptimal terminals on their satellite networks. Traditionally, SOTM testing is performed with actual operational satellites in field tests, which lack repeatability. The capability to repeat the conditions in which SOTM terminals are tested is important, especially when the performance of multiple terminals is compared. This contribution is dedicated to study how to conduct a comprehensive qualification test of SOTM terminals in a laboratory environment so that repeatability can be ensured. A major advantage of a laboratory environment is the ability to test the complete terminal as if it was in the field of operation, yet without the involvement of real satellites effectively reducing the costs of testing. This thesis presents the methodology for testing SOTM terminals at the Fraunhofer Facility for Over-the-air Research and Testing (FORTE). Important performance parameters, such as, antenna de-pointing and Adjacent Satellite Interference (ASI) can be accurately measured and evaluated. The procedure used to obtain the proposed profiles and results of testing a Ka-band SOTM terminal are also presented in this thesis. A major contribution of this thesis is represented by the development of motion and shadowing profiles suitable for standardization of SOTM testing. Motion profiles for the land mobile and the maritime environment have been developed. For each environment two classes were defined, Class A with rough motion conditions and Class B with more relaxed motion conditions. The proposed motion profiles were added to the well-known GVF-105 standard recommendations of the Global VSAT Forum. Shadowing profiles were defined for land mobile applications in different environment types, e.g., urban, suburban, highway, etc. Standardization of such profiles is necessary to guarantee a fair comparison of the performance of different terminals and therefore leading to sort out the bad performing terminals which cause harmful interference to the existing satellite networks. This will lead to an overall improvement in the performance of the satellite industry

MAGESTIC: Magnetically Enabled Structures Using Interacting Coils

In our NIAC Phase I study, awarded September 2011, the MIT Space Systems Lab (MIT SSL) began investigating a new structural and mechanical technique aimed at reducing the mass and increasing the stowed-to-deployed ratio of spacecraft systems. This technique uses the magnetic fields from current passing through coils of high temperature superconductors (HTSs) to support spacecraft structures and deploy them to operational configurations from their positions as stowed inside a launch vehicle fairing. These electromagnetic coils are tethered or hinged together in such a way that their motion in some directions or around some axes is constrained, as in Figure 1. Our Phase II study,awarded in Fall 2012, continued this work on electromagnetic structures, with an added focus on developing a new thermal system, investigating additional, non-structural electromagnet functions, and creating a maturation roadmap and plan for addressing barriers to feasibility of the technology. We now call the project MAGESTIC, or Magnetically Enabled STructures using Interacting Coils

Abstracts on Radio Direction Finding (1899 - 1995)

The files on this record represent the various databases that originally composed the CD-ROM issue of "Abstracts on Radio Direction Finding" database, which is now part of the Dudley Knox Library's Abstracts and Selected Full Text Documents on Radio Direction Finding (1899 - 1995) Collection. (See Calhoun record https://calhoun.nps.edu/handle/10945/57364 for further information on this collection and the bibliography). Due to issues of technological obsolescence preventing current and future audiences from accessing the bibliography, DKL exported and converted into the three files on this record the various databases contained in the CD-ROM. The contents of these files are: 1) RDFA_CompleteBibliography_xls.zip [RDFA_CompleteBibliography.xls: Metadata for the complete bibliography, in Excel 97-2003 Workbook format; RDFA_Glossary.xls: Glossary of terms, in Excel 97-2003 Workbookformat; RDFA_Biographies.xls: Biographies of leading figures, in Excel 97-2003 Workbook format]; 2) RDFA_CompleteBibliography_csv.zip [RDFA_CompleteBibliography.TXT: Metadata for the complete bibliography, in CSV format; RDFA_Glossary.TXT: Glossary of terms, in CSV format; RDFA_Biographies.TXT: Biographies of leading figures, in CSV format]; 3) RDFA_CompleteBibliography.pdf: A human readable display of the bibliographic data, as a means of double-checking any possible deviations due to conversion

Ultra Wideband

Ultra wideband (UWB) has advanced and merged as a technology, and many more people are aware of the potential for this exciting technology. The current UWB field is changing rapidly with new techniques and ideas where several issues are involved in developing the systems. Among UWB system design, the UWB RF transceiver and UWB antenna are the key components. Recently, a considerable amount of researches has been devoted to the development of the UWB RF transceiver and antenna for its enabling high data transmission rates and low power consumption. Our book attempts to present current and emerging trends in-research and development of UWB systems as well as future expectations

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2007, nr 1

kwartalni

Time domain analysis of switching transient fields in high voltage substations

Switching operations of circuit breakers and disconnect switches generate transient currents propagating along the substation busbars. At the moment of switching, the busbars temporarily acts as antennae radiating transient electromagnetic fields within the substations. The radiated fields may interfere and disrupt normal operations of electronic equipment used within the substation for measurement, control and communication purposes. Hence there is the need to fully characterise the substation electromagnetic environment as early as the design stage of substation planning and operation to ensure safe operations of the electronic equipment. This paper deals with the computation of transient electromagnetic fields due to switching within a high voltage air-insulated substation (AIS) using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) metho