375 research outputs found
Reliable SPICE Simulations of Memristors, Memcapacitors and Meminductors
Memory circuit elements, namely memristive, memcapacitive and meminductive systems, are gaining considerable attention due to their ubiquity and use in diverse areas of science and technology. Their modeling within the most widely used environment, SPICE, is thus critical to make substantial progress in the design and analysis of complex circuits. Here, we present a collection of models of different memory circuit elements and provide a methodology for their accurate and reliable modeling in the SPICE environment. We also provide codes of these models written in the most popular SPICE versions (PSpice, LTspice, HSPICE) for the benefit of the reader. We expect this to be of great value to the growing community of scientists interested in the wide range of applications of memory circuit elements
Memristors for the Curious Outsiders
We present both an overview and a perspective of recent experimental advances
and proposed new approaches to performing computation using memristors. A
memristor is a 2-terminal passive component with a dynamic resistance depending
on an internal parameter. We provide an brief historical introduction, as well
as an overview over the physical mechanism that lead to memristive behavior.
This review is meant to guide nonpractitioners in the field of memristive
circuits and their connection to machine learning and neural computation.Comment: Perpective paper for MDPI Technologies; 43 page
The Fourth Element: Characteristics, Modelling, and Electromagnetic Theory of the Memristor
In 2008, researchers at HP Labs published a paper in {\it Nature} reporting
the realisation of a new basic circuit element that completes the missing link
between charge and flux-linkage, which was postulated by Leon Chua in 1971. The
HP memristor is based on a nanometer scale TiO thin-film, containing a
doped region and an undoped region. Further to proposed applications of
memristors in artificial biological systems and nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM), they
also enable reconfigurable nanoelectronics. Moreover, memristors provide new
paradigms in application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and field
programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). A significant reduction in area with an
unprecedented memory capacity and device density are the potential advantages
of memristors for Integrated Circuits (ICs). This work reviews the memristor
and provides mathematical and SPICE models for memristors. Insight into the
memristor device is given via recalling the quasi-static expansion of Maxwell's
equations. We also review Chua's arguments based on electromagnetic theory.Comment: 28 pages, 14 figures, Accepted as a regular paper - the Proceedings
of Royal Society
Reliable Modeling of Ideal Generic Memristors via State-Space Transformation
The paper refers to problems of modeling and computer simulation of generic memristors caused by the so-called window functions, namely the stick effect, nonconvergence, and finding fundamentally incorrect solutions. A profoundly different modeling approach is proposed, which is mathematically equivalent to window-based modeling. However, due to its numerical stability, it definitely smoothes the above problems away
Stochastic memory: memory enhancement due to noise
There are certain classes of resistors, capacitors and inductors that, when
subject to a periodic input of appropriate frequency, develop hysteresis loops
in their characteristic response. Here, we show that the hysteresis of such
memory elements can also be induced by white noise of appropriate intensity
even at very low frequencies of the external driving field. We illustrate this
phenomenon using a physical model of memory resistor realized by
thin films sandwiched between metallic electrodes, and discuss
under which conditions this effect can be observed experimentally. We also
discuss its implications on existing memory systems described in the literature
and the role of colored noise.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
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