6,462 research outputs found
Perspectives of Integrated āNext Industrial Revolutionā Clusters in Poland and Siberia
RozdziaÅ z: Functioning of the Local Production Systems in Central and Eastern European Countries and Siberia. Case Studies and Comparative Studies, ed. Mariusz E. SokoÅowicz.The paper presents the mapping of potential next industrial revolution clusters in Poland and Siberia. Deindustrialization of the cities and struggles with its consequences are one of the fundamental economic problems in current global economy. Some hope to find an answer to that problem is associated with the idea of next industrial revolution and reindustrialization initiatives. In the paper, projects aimed at developing next industrial revolution clusters are analyzed. The objective of the research was to examine new industrial revolution paradigm as a platform for establishing university-based trans-border industry clusters in Poland and Siberia47 and to raise awareness of next industry revolution initiatives.Monograph financed under a contract of execution of the international scientific project within 7th Framework Programme of the European Union, co-financed by Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (title: āFunctioning of the Local Production Systems in the Conditions of Economic Crisis (Comparative Analysis and Benchmarking for the EU and Beyondā)). Monografia sfinansowana w oparciu o umowÄ o wykonanie projektu miÄdzy narodowego w ramach 7. Programu Ramowego UE, wspĆ³Åfinansowanego ze ÅrodkĆ³w Ministerstwa Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego (tytuÅ projektu: āFunkcjonowanie lokalnych systemĆ³w produkcyjnych w warunkach kryzysu gospodarczego (analiza porĆ³wnawcza i benchmarking w wybranych krajach UE oraz krajach trzecichā))
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Artificial intelligence approaches to predicting and detecting cognitive decline in older adults: A conceptual review.
Preserving cognition and mental capacity is critical to aging with autonomy. Early detection of pathological cognitive decline facilitates the greatest impact of restorative or preventative treatments. Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare is the use of computational algorithms that mimic human cognitive functions to analyze complex medical data. AI technologies like machine learning (ML) support the integration of biological, psychological, and social factors when approaching diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of disease. This paper serves to acquaint clinicians and other stakeholders with the use, benefits, and limitations of AI for predicting, diagnosing, and classifying mild and major neurocognitive impairments, by providing a conceptual overview of this topic with emphasis on the features explored and AI techniques employed. We present studies that fell into six categories of features used for these purposes: (1) sociodemographics; (2) clinical and psychometric assessments; (3) neuroimaging and neurophysiology; (4) electronic health records and claims; (5) novel assessments (e.g., sensors for digital data); and (6) genomics/other omics. For each category we provide examples of AI approaches, including supervised and unsupervised ML, deep learning, and natural language processing. AI technology, still nascent in healthcare, has great potential to transform the way we diagnose and treat patients with neurocognitive disorders
Actionable Guidance for High-Consequence AI Risk Management: Towards Standards Addressing AI Catastrophic Risks
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems can provide many beneficial capabilities
but also risks of adverse events. Some AI systems could present risks of events
with very high or catastrophic consequences at societal scale. The US National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is developing the NIST Artificial
Intelligence Risk Management Framework (AI RMF) as voluntary guidance on AI
risk assessment and management for AI developers and others. For addressing
risks of events with catastrophic consequences, NIST indicated a need to
translate from high level principles to actionable risk management guidance.
In this document, we provide detailed actionable-guidance recommendations
focused on identifying and managing risks of events with very high or
catastrophic consequences, intended as a risk management practices resource for
NIST for AI RMF version 1.0 (scheduled for release in early 2023), or for AI
RMF users, or for other AI risk management guidance and standards as
appropriate. We also provide our methodology for our recommendations.
We provide actionable-guidance recommendations for AI RMF 1.0 on: identifying
risks from potential unintended uses and misuses of AI systems; including
catastrophic-risk factors within the scope of risk assessments and impact
assessments; identifying and mitigating human rights harms; and reporting
information on AI risk factors including catastrophic-risk factors.
In addition, we provide recommendations on additional issues for a roadmap
for later versions of the AI RMF or supplementary publications. These include:
providing an AI RMF Profile with supplementary guidance for cutting-edge
increasingly multi-purpose or general-purpose AI.
We aim for this work to be a concrete risk-management practices contribution,
and to stimulate constructive dialogue on how to address catastrophic risks and
associated issues in AI standards.Comment: 55 pages; updated throughout for general consistency with NIST AI RMF
2nd Draft, minor revisions to section numbering and language, typo fixes,
additions to acknowledgments and reference
Problem-Solving Knowledge Mining from Usersā\ud Actions in an Intelligent Tutoring System
In an intelligent tutoring system (ITS), the domain expert should provide\ud
relevant domain knowledge to the tutor so that it will be able to guide the\ud
learner during problem solving. However, in several domains, this knowledge is\ud
not predetermined and should be captured or learned from expert users as well as\ud
intermediate and novice users. Our hypothesis is that, knowledge discovery (KD)\ud
techniques can help to build this domain intelligence in ITS. This paper proposes\ud
a framework to capture problem-solving knowledge using a promising approach\ud
of data and knowledge discovery based on a combination of sequential pattern\ud
mining and association rules discovery techniques. The framework has been implemented\ud
and is used to discover new meta knowledge and rules in a given domain\ud
which then extend domain knowledge and serve as problem space allowing\ud
the intelligent tutoring system to guide learners in problem-solving situations.\ud
Preliminary experiments have been conducted using the framework as an alternative\ud
to a path-planning problem solver in CanadarmTutor
A formal verification framework and associated tools for enterprise modeling : application to UEML
The aim of this paper is to propose and apply a verification and validation approach to Enterprise Modeling that enables the user to improve the relevance and correctness, the suitability and coherence of a model by using properties specification and formal proof of properties
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