18,763 research outputs found
A survey on engineering approaches for self-adaptive systems (extended version)
The complexity of information systems is increasing in recent years, leading to increased effort for maintenance and configuration. Self-adaptive systems (SASs) address this issue. Due to new computing trends, such as pervasive computing, miniaturization of IT leads to mobile devices with the emerging need for context adaptation. Therefore, it is beneficial that devices are able to adapt context. Hence, we propose to extend the definition of SASs and include
context adaptation. This paper presents a taxonomy of self-adaptation and a survey on engineering SASs. Based on the taxonomy and the survey, we motivate a new perspective on SAS including context adaptation
The modern versus extended evolutionary synthesis : sketch of an intra-genomic gene's eye view for the evolutionary-genetic underpinning of epigenetic and developmental evolution
Studying the phenotypic evolution of organisms in terms of populations of genes and genotypes,
the Modern Synthesis (MS) conceptualizes biological evolution in terms of 'inter-organismal'
interactions among genes sitting in the different individual organisms that constitute a population.
It 'black-boxes' the complex 'intra-organismic' molecular and developmental epigenetics mediating
between genotypes and phenotypes. To conceptually integrate epigenetics and evo-devo into
evolutionary theory, advocates of an Extended Evolutionary Synthesis (EES) argue that the MS's
reductive gene-centrism should be abandoned in favor of a more inclusive organism-centered approach.
To push the debate to a new level of understanding, we introduce the evolutionary biology
of 'intra-genomic conflict' (IGC) to the controversy. This strategy is based on a twofold rationale.
First, the field of IGC is both âgene-centeredâ and 'intra-organismic' and, as such, could build a
bridge between the gene-centered MS and the intra-organismic fields of epigenetics and evo-devo.
And second, it is increasingly revealed that IGC plays a significant causal role in epigenetic and
developmental evolution and even in speciation. Hence, to deal with the âdiscrepancyâ between
the âgene-centeredâ MS and the âintra-organismicâ fields of epigenetics and evo-devo, we sketch
a conceptual solution in terms of âintra-genomic conflict and compromiseâ â an âintra-genomic
geneâs eye viewâ that thinks in terms of intra-genomic âevolutionarily stable strategiesâ (ESSs)
among numerous and various DNA regions and elements â to evolutionary-genetically underwrite
both epigenetic and developmental evolution, as such questioning the âgene-de-centeredâ
stance put forward by EES-advocates
Behavioral Aspects of Organizational Learning and Adaptation
In this paper, I seek to understand the behavioral basis of higher organizational learning and adaption as a teleological dynamic equilibrium process to decipher the underlying psycho-physiological aspects of individual cognitive learning related to organizational adaption. Dynamics of cognitive learning has some differential paths within the neural circuitry which follows certain patterns that leads to individual as well as organized evolution in course of a learning process. I undertake a comparative analysis of human cognitive and behavioral changes and the active mechanisms underlying animal behavior and learning processes to understand the differential patterns of these adaptive changes in these two species. Cognitive behavioral learning processes have certain economic perspectives which help an individual to attain efficiency in workplace adaptation and in learning which however, the individual when being part of an alliance, ember positive influence on the society or organization as a whole. Comparatively, in primates, I review some empirical evidences drawn from chronological studies about cognitive behavioral learning process and adaptation as well as the presence of the capacity of making attributions about mental states, which exists in rudimentary form in chimpanzees and apes. Following this, I apply the outcomes of the findings on different aspects of human cognitive and adaptive behavioral learning-induced evolutionary changes and how human beings are able to exploit the presence of these additive advantages under cluster settings.Animal behavior, cognitive economics, motivational energy, neural adaptation, neuroscience, Organizational learning, organizational adaptation, teleological process
Aspects of Assembly and Cascaded Aspects of Assembly: Logical and Temporal Properties
Highly dynamic computing environments, like ubiquitous and pervasive
computing environments, require frequent adaptation of applications. This has
to be done in a timely fashion, and the adaptation process must be as fast as
possible and mastered. Moreover the adaptation process has to ensure a
consistent result when finished whereas adaptations to be implemented cannot be
anticipated at design time. In this paper we present our mechanism for
self-adaptation based on the aspect oriented programming paradigm called Aspect
of Assembly (AAs). Using AAs: (1) the adaptations process is fast and its
duration is mastered; (2) adaptations' entities are independent of each other
thanks to the weaver logical merging mechanism; and (3) the high variability of
the software infrastructure can be managed using a mono or multi-cycle weaving
approach.Comment: 14 pages, published in International Journal of Computer Science,
Volume 8, issue 4, Jul 2011, ISSN 1694-081
Social-ecological analysis of climate induced changes in biodiversity â outline of a research concept
The interactions of changes in climate and biodiversity with societal actions, structures and processes are a priority topic within the international scientific debate â and thus, a relevant subject matter for BiKFâs work. This paper outlines a concept for transdisciplinary research within BiKF. It focuses on the analysis of social-ecological systems supporting society with biodiversity driven ecosystem services. Such research is considering different issues: defining sustainable societal adaptations to climate induced biodiversity changes; permitting adequate understanding of the social-ecological reproduction of ecosystem functions, including their conservation and restoration; analysing the societal values and socio-economic utilisation of ecosystem services. Gaining knowledge in these areas provides an improved basis for decision-making in biodiversity and resource management
Systemic functional adaptedness and domain-general cognition: broadening the scope of evolutionary psychology
Evolutionary Psychology tends to be associated with a massively modular cognitive architecture. On this framework of human cognition, an assembly of specialized information processors called modules developed under selection pressures encountered throughout the phylogenic history of hominids. The coordinated activity of domain-specific modules carries out all the processes of belief fixation, abstract reasoning, and other facets of central cognition. Against the massive modularity thesis, I defend an account of systemic functional adaptedness, according to which non-modular systems emerged because of adaptive problems imposed by the intrinsic physiology of the evolving human brain. The proposed reformulation of evolutionary theorizing draws from neural network models and Cumminsâ (1975) account of systemic functions to identify selection pressures that gave rise to non-modular, domain-general mechanisms in cognitive architecture
The personality systems framework: Current theory and development
The personality systems framework is a fieldwide outline for organizing the contemporary science of personality. I examine the theoretical impact of systems thinking on the discipline and, drawing on ideas from general systems theory, argue that personality psychologists understand individualsâ personalities by studying four topics: (a) personalityâs definition, (b) personalityâs parts (e.g., traits, schemas, etc.), (c) its organization and (d) development. This framework draws on theories from the field to create a global view of personality including its position and major areas of function. The global view gives rise to new theories such as personal intelligenceâthe idea that people guide themselves with a broad intelligence they use to reason about personalities
SACRE: Supporting contextual requirements' adaptation in modern self-adaptive systems in the presence of uncertainty at runtime
Runtime uncertainty such as unpredictable resource unavailability, changing
environmental conditions and user needs, as well as system intrusions or faults
represents one of the main current challenges of self-adaptive systems.
Moreover, today's systems are increasingly more complex, distributed,
decentralized, etc. and therefore have to reason about and cope with more and
more unpredictable events. Approaches to deal with such changing requirements
in complex today's systems are still missing. This work presents SACRE (Smart
Adaptation through Contextual REquirements), our approach leveraging an
adaptation feedback loop to detect self-adaptive systems' contextual
requirements affected by uncertainty and to integrate machine learning
techniques to determine the best operationalization of context based on sensed
data at runtime. SACRE is a step forward of our former approach ACon which
focus had been on adapting the context in contextual requirements, as well as
their basic implementation. SACRE primarily focuses on architectural decisions,
addressing self-adaptive systems' engineering challenges. Furthering the work
on ACon, in this paper, we perform an evaluation of the entire approach in
different uncertainty scenarios in real-time in the extremely demanding domain
of smart vehicles. The real-time evaluation is conducted in a simulated
environment in which the smart vehicle is implemented through software
components. The evaluation results provide empirical evidence about the
applicability of SACRE in real and complex software system domains.Comment: 45 pages, journal article, 14 figures, 9 tables, CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0
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