213,453 research outputs found

    Channel structure and pricing strategy for volume software distribution business in Hong Kong.

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    by Leung Ka Ho.Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-63).DISCLAIMER --- p.IACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.IIABSTRACT --- p.IIITABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.IVChapter CHAPTER I --- FOUNDATIONS --- p.1Company Background --- p.1The Software Industry and Automate --- p.2Automate's 、Business Model - The Virtual Corporation --- p.4Distribution Channel Development History in Hong Kong --- p.6Chapter CHAPTER II --- INDUSTRIAL ANALYSIS --- p.9Software Market in General --- p.9Internal Rivalry --- p.10Entry --- p.11Substitutes --- p.12Buyer Power --- p.13Supplier Power --- p.14Automate --- p.15Competition and new entrant --- p.16Threat of Substitutes --- p.16Buyer Power --- p.17Supplier Power --- p.18Channel - Distributors --- p.18Competition and new entrantThreat of Substitutes --- p.19Buyer Power --- p.20Supplier Power --- p.20Channel Dealers and Resellers --- p.21Competition and new entrant --- p.22Threat of Substitutes --- p.23Buyer Power --- p.23Suppl ier Power --- p.23Chapter CHAPTER III --- CHANNEL STRUCTURE --- p.25The Product Line - A Economic Perspective --- p.25Market Structure and Competition --- p.28Before 1988 --- p.291988 -1993 --- p.291993-1996 --- p.301996onwards --- p.34Chapter CHAPTER IV --- GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES --- p.37Growth Projections --- p.37New Market Challenges --- p.39Product Line Extension --- p.40Chapter CHAPTER V --- CHANNEL RESTRUCTURING --- p.42Economic Models --- p.42Determination of Service Level --- p.45Free Riding --- p.47Channel Structure --- p.48Retail Price Maintenance --- p.49Vertical Integration --- p.50Distributor's Role --- p.51The Problem Child --- p.52Cournot Competition Among Distributors --- p.52Pricing --- p.54Push Pricing Strategy --- p.56Pull Pricing Strategy --- p.57"""Push"" or "" Pull""" --- p.58CONCLUSION --- p.61REFERENCES --- p.62Books --- p.62Periodicals --- p.6

    Understanding business strategies of networked value constellations using goal- and value modeling

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    In goal-oriented requirements engineering (GORE), one usually proceeds from a goal analysis to a requirements specification, usually of IT systems. In contrast, we consider the use of GORE for the design of IT-enabled value constellations, which are collections of enterprises that jointly satisfy a consumer need using information technology. The requirements analysis needed to do such a crossorganizational design not only consists of a goal analysis, in which the relevant strategic goals of the participating companies are aligned, but also of a value analysis, in which the commercial sustainability of the constellation is explored. In this paper we investigate the relation between strategic goal- and value modeling. We use theories about business strategy such as those by Porter to identify strategic goals of a value constellation, and operationalize these goals using value models. We show how value modeling allows us to find more detailed goals, and to analyze conflicts among goals

    Ecosystem Competition and the Antitrust Laws

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    I. Introduction II. Three Examples of Ecosystem Competition ... A. Middleware and Operating Systems ... B. E-Books and Tablets … C. Connected and Automated Vehicles III. How Ecosystem Competition Enhances Consumer Welfare IV. Implications for Antitrust Law and Polic

    Network industries in the new economy

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    In this paper we discuss two propositions: the supply and demand of knowledge, and network externalities. We outline the characteristics that distinguish knowledge- intensive industries from the general run of manufacturing and service businesses. Knowledge intensity and knowledge specialisation has developed as markets and globalisation have grown, leading to progressive incentives to outsource and for industries to deconstruct. The outcome has been more intensive competition. The paper looks at what is potentially the most powerful economic mechanism: positive feedback, alternatively known as demand-side increasing returns, network effects, or network externalities. We present alternative demand curves that incorporate positive feedback and discuss their potential economic and strategic consequences. We argue that knowledge supply and demand, and the dynamics of network externalities create new situations for our traditional industrial economy such that new types of economies of scale are emerging and "winner takes all" strategies are having more influence. This is the first of a pair of papers. A second paper will take the argument further and look at the nature of firms' strategies in the new world, arguing that technology standards, technical platforms, consumer networks, and supply chain strategies are making a significant contribution to relevant strategies within the new economy

    Market-based Recommendation: Agents that Compete for Consumer Attention

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    The amount of attention space available for recommending suppliers to consumers on e-commerce sites is typically limited. We present a competitive distributed recommendation mechanism based on adaptive software agents for efficiently allocating the 'consumer attention space', or banners. In the example of an electronic shopping mall, the task is delegated to the individual shops, each of which evaluates the information that is available about the consumer and his or her interests (e.g. keywords, product queries, and available parts of a profile). Shops make a monetary bid in an auction where a limited amount of 'consumer attention space' for the arriving consumer is sold. Each shop is represented by a software agent that bids for each consumer. This allows shops to rapidly adapt their bidding strategy to focus on consumers interested in their offerings. For various basic and simple models for on-line consumers, shops, and profiles, we demonstrate the feasibility of our system by evolutionary simulations as in the field of agent-based computational economics (ACE). We also develop adaptive software agents that learn bidding strategies, based on neural networks and strategy exploration heuristics. Furthermore, we address the commercial and technological advantages of this distributed market-based approach. The mechanism we describe is not limited to the example of the electronic shopping mall, but can easily be extended to other domains

    The impact of the patent system on the social welfare: A critical view

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    Purpose: This article offers a critical view of the impact of patents on economic activity. The article questions whether a strengthening of the patent system is optimal in economic terms, from a business and social perspective. Design/methodology/approach: We develop two analytic innovation models. They help us to understand how the strength of the patent system affects 1) the industry profits 2) the social welfare. Findings: The strengthening of patent systems could cause a decline in the activities of imitation and, therefore, a decrease in competition, a reduction in the production and assimilation of new technologies and could create barriers to entry into technology-intensive sectors, increasing the costs of production. We will show that a lower strength patent system and an increase in the activities of imitation can i) increase the benefits to industry as a whole ii) lead to greater social surplus. R e s e a r c h l i m i t a t i o n s / i m p l i c a t i o n s : The final set of sustainability-related issues (and drivers) presented aren’t exhaustive and are delimited by the particular scenario generated around Aqualogy’s business scope; therefore, it cannot be considered as a standard application mode. Originality/value: Much of the literature on innovation has traditionally seen imitation processes as harmful to the development of new technologies, and detrimental to the welfare of consumers, producers and society at large. That is why policies aimed at strengthening the patent system and discouraging imitation processes are associated with improvements in social welfare, -fostering innovation, trade, foreign investment and technology transfer-. However, our findings should lead us to rethink how optimal innovation policy should be designed. The problems associated with restrictions on the free market involve costs that outweigh the social benefits that patents can provide. Market mechanisms can effectively reward innovators for being the first to bring a product into the market, without the need to grant a monopoly.Peer Reviewe

    Beyond Microsoft: Intellectual Property, Peer Production and the Law’s Concern with Market Dominance.

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