Smart scalable ML-blockchain framework for large-scale clinical information sharing

Large-scale clinical information sharing (CIS) provides significant advantages for medical treatments, including enhanced service standards and accelerated scheduling of health services. The current CIS suffers many challenges such as data privacy, data integrity, and data availability across multiple healthcare institutions. This study introduces an innovative blockchain-based electronic healthcare system that incorporates synchronous data backup and a highly encrypted data-sharing mechanism. Blockchain technology, which eliminates centralized organizations and reduces the number of fragmented patient files, could make it easier to use machine learning (ML) models for predictive diagnosis and analysis. In turn, it might lead to better medical care. The proposed model achieved an improved patient-centered CIS by personalizing the separation of information with an intelligent ”allowed list“ for clinician data access. This work introduces a hybrid ML-blockchain solution that combines traditional data storage and blockchain-based access. The experimental analysis evaluated the proposed model against the competing models in comparative and quantitative studies in large-scale CIS examples in terms of model viability, stability, protection, and robustness, with improved results

Harpocrates: Privacy-Preserving and Immutable Audit Log for Sensitive Data Operations

The audit log is a crucial component to monitor fine-grained operations over sensitive data (e.g., personal, health) for security inspection and assurance. Since such data operations can be highly sensitive, it is vital to ensure that the audit log achieves not only validity and immutability, but also confidentiality against active threats to standard data regulations (e.g., HIPAA) compliance. Despite its critical needs, state-of-the-art privacy-preserving audit log schemes (e.g., Ghostor (NSDI '20), Calypso (VLDB '19)) do not fully obtain a high level of privacy, integrity, and immutability simultaneously, in which certain information (e.g., user identities) is still leaked in the log. In this paper, we propose Harpocrates, a new privacy-preserving and immutable audit log scheme. Harpocrates permits data store, share, and access operations to be recorded in the audit log without leaking sensitive information (e.g., data identifier, user identity), while permitting the validity of data operations to be publicly verifiable. Harpocrates makes use of blockchain techniques to achieve immutability and avoid a single point of failure, while cryptographic zero-knowledge proofs are harnessed for confidentiality and public verifiability. We analyze the security of our proposed technique and prove that it achieves non-malleability and indistinguishability. We fully implemented Harpocrates and evaluated its performance on a real blockchain system (i.e., Hyperledger Fabric) deployed on a commodity platform (i.e., Amazon EC2). Experimental results demonstrated that Harpocrates is highly scalable and achieves practical performance.Comment: To appear at IEEE 4th International Conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Intelligent Systems, and Applications (TPS-ISA) 202

Survey on IoT based Cyber Security Issues and Autonomous Solutions for Implantable Medical Devices

In today’s world the technology has got boomed up to the peak. So as a measure of this technology peak we could see that the enhancement of this has raised very large. This technology booming has also impacted health care sector. In our paper we are going to discuss much on implantable medical devices and its uses which plays a major role in patient’s life. This IMD’s are going to be the life changing aspect of each and every patient. These devices are highly controlled IoT devices (i.e.) those devices are connected through internet which will help doctors to track the details of the patients remotely. On the other hand since all these devices are connected to internet, these are easily hacked by the hackers. The factors of how those devices are much vulnerable and what are all the threats that will make these devices to malfunction and lead a problem to the patients is discussed. And also this will lead the health sector to fall in their reputation. IMD’s are of many types which are in existing in the Medical industry. But we are going to consider some IMD’s as example and we have planned to make a detailed study on the problems on those devices. All these devices are vulnerable since it is connected to internet. So our aim is to completely or partially reduce the risks on those devices via communication network. We have also showcased the possible threats and vulnerabilities chances on those devices. The main scenarios of device control issues and possible solutions have been discussed in this article

Increasing users response of tourism game

Not all information about tourist attractions is described and displayed properly, especially those related to transactions between parties at tourist sites, such as with tour guides, ticket providers and other parties at tourist sites. The appearance is very important because tourists need knowledge of the activities that will be carried out at tourist sites as a consideration to determine the choice of tourist destinations. To solve this problem, it takes the development of alternative media with an attractive look so that tourists can be interested and better know the information displayed, especially coupled with blockchain transactions. Ethereum is one of the blockchain transactions. In this study conducted a test of Ethereum transactions and had a faster transaction speed than Bitcoin. Ethereum has an average speed of 3.8 seconds per transaction with gas price 30 Gwei, while bitcoin has an average speed of 7 minutes per transaction with the same Gas Price. Test the effectiveness of the blockChain-based transaction system in the stone city tourism simulation game is effective with an effectiveness rate of 100%

Blockchain as a learning tool: Analyzing transaction speeds at various gas limits in computer assembly simulations

The study explores an Ethereum blockchain-based data-sharing system for a computer assembly simulation game, emphasizing the relationship between gas limits and transaction speeds. The research integrates smart contracts for secure data storage of scores and player profiles. A significant challenge identified was the complexity of blockchain's variable transaction speeds for the average user. The research investigated how different gas limits affected transaction times, with experiments conducted across three networks. Results show that a gas limit of 200,000 to 300,000 resulted in transaction speeds of approximately 30 seconds. Increasing the gas limit to 400,000 to 500,000 reduced transaction times to 15-30 seconds, while a limit of 600,000 to 700,000 led to speeds below 15 seconds. These findings suggest a direct correlation between higher gas limits and quicker transaction validations. The research concludes that investing in higher gas can significantly reduce transaction times, presenting a trade-off between cost and speed in blockchain data-sharing for educational simulation media

Data interoperability and privacy schemes in healthcare data using Blockchain technology

Abstract. Electronic Health/Medical Records (EHR/EMR) lay the foundation for securely maintaining medical records. The traditional EHR systems are not effectively managed data manipulation, delayed communication, trustless data storage, data cooperation, and distribution. Blockchain technology can play a major role in healthcare cases. This is because it uses decentralized distributed ledgers to securely manage all parties within the network. It also handles individual data through smart contracts, which can be pre-programmed by the patient for access and maintenance of healthcare data. This thesis focuses on exploring the blockchain in digital healthcare services such as Electronic Health/Medical Records (EHR/EMR). Blockchain-based implementations of Ethereum allow patients to store their medical data with smart contracts that can perform activities such as Registration, Data Append, and Data Retrieve. The challenges faced during the implementation of blockchain protocols are discussed and analyzed in the scope of finding sustainable solutions to develop secure and reliable operation

A medical big data access control model based on smart contracts and risk in the blockchain environment

The rapid development of the Hospital Information System has significantly enhanced the convenience of medical research and the management of medical information. However, the internal misuse and privacy leakage of medical big data are critical issues that need to be addressed in the process of medical research and information management. Access control serves as a method to prevent data misuse and privacy leakage. Nevertheless, traditional access control methods, limited by their single usage scenario and susceptibility to single point failures, fail to adapt to the polymorphic, real-time, and sensitive characteristics of medical big data scenarios. This paper proposes a smart contracts and risk-based access control model (SCR-BAC). This model integrates smart contracts with traditional risk-based access control and deploys risk-based access control policies in the form of smart contracts into the blockchain, thereby ensuring the protection of medical data. The model categorizes risk into historical and current risk, quantifies the historical risk based on the time decay factor and the doctor’s historical behavior, and updates the doctor’s composite risk value in real time. The access control policy, based on the comprehensive risk, is deployed into the blockchain in the form of a smart contract. The distributed nature of the blockchain is utilized to automatically enforce access control, thereby resolving the issue of single point failures. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the access control model proposed in this paper effectively curbs the access behavior of malicious doctors to a certain extent and imposes a limiting effect on the internal abuse and privacy leakage of medical big data

Blockchain-based data sharing for decentralized tourism destinations recommendation system

One thing that tourists need to plan their tourism activities is a recommendation system. The tourism destinations recommendation system in this study has three primary nodes, namely user, server, and sensor. Each node requires the ability to share data to produce recommendations that the user expects through their mobile devices. In this paper, we propose the data-sharing system scheme uses a blockchain-based decentralized network that each node can be connected directly to each other, to support the exchange of data between them. The block architecture used in the blockchain network has three main parts, namely block information, hashes, and data. Each type of node has a different structure and direction of data communication. Where the user node sends destination assessment data to the server node, then the server node sends data from the machine learning process to the user node. The sensor sends dynamic data about popularity, traffic, and weather to the user node as consideration for finalizing the generating recommendations process. In the process of sending data, each node in the blockchain network goes through several functions, including hashing, block validation, chaining block, and broadcast. We conduct web-based experiments and analysis of the data-sharing system to illustrate the system works. The experimental results show that the system handles data circulation with an average time of mine is 84.5 ms in sending multi-criteria assessment data from the user and 119.1 ms in sending data of machine learning result from the server