Characterizing covers of functional dependencies using FCA

Functional dependencies (FDs) can be used for various important operations on data, for instance, checking the consistency and the quality of a database (including databases that contain complex data). Consequently, a generic framework that allows mining a sound, complete, non-redundant and yet compact set of FDs is an important tool for many different applications. There are different definitions of such sets of FDs (usually called cover). In this paper, we present the characterization of two different kinds of covers for FDs in terms of pattern structures. The convenience of such a characterization is that it allows an easy implementation of efficient mining algorithms which can later be easily adapted to other kinds of similar dependencies. Finally, we present empirical evidence that the proposed approach can perform better than state-ofthe-art FD miner algorithms in large databases.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Characterizing approximate-matching dependencies in formal concept analysis with pattern structures

Functional dependencies (FDs) provide valuable knowledge on the relations between attributes of a data table. A functional dependency holds when the values of an attribute can be determined by another. It has been shown that FDs can be expressed in terms of partitions of tuples that are in agreement w.r.t. the values taken by some subsets of attributes. To extend the use of FDs, several generalizations have been proposed. In this work, we study approximatematching dependencies that generalize FDs by relaxing the constraints on the attributes, i.e. agreement is based on a similarity relation rather than on equality. Such dependencies are attracting attention in the database field since they allow uncrisping the basic notion of FDs extending its application to many different fields, such as data quality, data mining, behavior analysis, data cleaning or data partition, among others. We show that these dependencies can be formalized in the framework of Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) using a previous formalization introduced for standard FDs. Our new results state that, starting from the conceptual structure of a pattern structure, and generalizing the notion of relation between tuples, approximate-matching dependencies can be characterized as implications in a pattern concept lattice. We finally show how to use basic FCA algorithms to construct a pattern concept lattice that entails these dependencies after a slight and tractable binarization of the original data.Postprint (author's final draft

When Things Matter: A Data-Centric View of the Internet of Things

With the recent advances in radio-frequency identification (RFID), low-cost wireless sensor devices, and Web technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) approach has gained momentum in connecting everyday objects to the Internet and facilitating machine-to-human and machine-to-machine communication with the physical world. While IoT offers the capability to connect and integrate both digital and physical entities, enabling a whole new class of applications and services, several significant challenges need to be addressed before these applications and services can be fully realized. A fundamental challenge centers around managing IoT data, typically produced in dynamic and volatile environments, which is not only extremely large in scale and volume, but also noisy, and continuous. This article surveys the main techniques and state-of-the-art research efforts in IoT from data-centric perspectives, including data stream processing, data storage models, complex event processing, and searching in IoT. Open research issues for IoT data management are also discussed

Seamless Integration of RESTful Services into the Web of Data

We live in an era of ever-increasing abundance of data. To cope with the information overload we suffer from every single day, more sophisticated methods are required to access, manipulate, and analyze these humongous amounts of data. By embracing the heterogeneity, which is unavoidable at such a scale, and accepting the fact that the data quality and meaning are fuzzy, more adaptable, flexible, and extensible systems can be built. RESTful services combined with Semantic Web technologies could prove to be a viable path to achieve that. Their combination a1lows data integration on an unprecedented sca1e and solves some of the problems Web developers are continuously struggling with. This paper introduces a novel approach to create machine-readable descriptions for RESTful services as a first step towards this ambitious goal. It also shows how these descriptions along with analgorithm to translate SPARQL queries to HTTP requests can be used to integrate RESTful services into a global read-write Web of Data

Spartan Daily, May 17, 1963

Volume 50, Issue 125https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/4458/thumbnail.jp

OntoDSumm : Ontology based Tweet Summarization for Disaster Events

The huge popularity of social media platforms like Twitter attracts a large fraction of users to share real-time information and short situational messages during disasters. A summary of these tweets is required by the government organizations, agencies, and volunteers for efficient and quick disaster response. However, the huge influx of tweets makes it difficult to manually get a precise overview of ongoing events. To handle this challenge, several tweet summarization approaches have been proposed. In most of the existing literature, tweet summarization is broken into a two-step process where in the first step, it categorizes tweets, and in the second step, it chooses representative tweets from each category. There are both supervised as well as unsupervised approaches found in literature to solve the problem of first step. Supervised approaches requires huge amount of labelled data which incurs cost as well as time. On the other hand, unsupervised approaches could not clusters tweet properly due to the overlapping keywords, vocabulary size, lack of understanding of semantic meaning etc. While, for the second step of summarization, existing approaches applied different ranking methods where those ranking methods are very generic which fail to compute proper importance of a tweet respect to a disaster. Both the problems can be handled far better with proper domain knowledge. In this paper, we exploited already existing domain knowledge by the means of ontology in both the steps and proposed a novel disaster summarization method OntoDSumm. We evaluate this proposed method with 4 state-of-the-art methods using 10 disaster datasets. Evaluation results reveal that OntoDSumm outperforms existing methods by approximately 2-66% in terms of ROUGE-1 F1 score

Leadership Programs Designed to Develop Creative Leaders : a Multi-Case Study

Problem. The topic of this study is creative leadership and how it is developed. Three creative leadership development institutes were studied to determine how each provided leadership development: Leadership Development Institute on the campus of Eckerd College in St. Petersburg, Florida; International Center for Creative Leadership on the campus of Buffalo State College at University of New York, in Buffalo, New York; and the Banff Centre, in Banff, Alberta, Canada. The purpose of this study is to describe the approach and specific components of these three leadership development programs that attempt to deliver training that produces leaders who practice creative leadership. Method. The data gathered for this research came from personal site visits to the three leadership institutes, interviews with faculty and staff at each institute, observations of faculty, review of documents, faculty lectures, faculty meetings, institute web pages, and followup phone calls once the site visits were completed. Experts in the field of creativity, leadership, innovation, and creative leadership were studied through current literature, articles, blogs, and on-line publications. Results. The findings from this study illuminate how three different types of creative leadership development are designed, developed, and delivered. Each site held that effective leaders are those who embody creativity and the creative process and therefore lead from an emerging future. A core component to the teaching and learning opportunities at each of the sites was that faculty and staff drew a deep connection between leadership and creativity, what Kahane considers necessary for future vision and forging new ground. Each site retained a faculty that was committed to creating and sustaining a culture of creativity where participants were taught how forgiveness ignites the creative process and allows individuals to hold an open mind, heart, and will. Other vital components included a living-system approach to leadership, shared language, and specific creativity models where the collective intelligence and creative capacity could be accessed. All three sites used different creativity models as the framework for creative problem solving. Creative models served as a way to access and enhance dynamic feedback loops and create a framework for a living system where the group could collectively engage in creative problem solving. The practices and processes at all three sites aligned with Scharmer’s Theory U. This theory considers creative leadership to be a living system that accesses everyone within the group. Such an approach is highly effective and relevant due to its focus on aligning the leader to their authentic self. Theory U provides a framework where leaders can lead on all four levels: self, group, institution, and community. Perhaps the most compelling testimony to each site’s commitment to creativity, leadership, and creative leadership is the fact that each of these sites was founded by different people for different reasons and in a different time. Yet today each site stands for the same purpose, which is to help leaders from the world over to access their creative capacity and leadership potential in order to access the full potential of an emerging future and bring relevant answers to an increasingly complex and threatening world. Conclusions. The findings from this study provide deeper understanding into creative leadership, how it is developed, and how such an approach has the potential to ignite the full potential of a leader and the group they lead. Such findings are valuable in a time when the complexities of today’s world require a new type of leaders who can transcend patterns of the past in order to vision and realize a new future