Fostering Bibliodiversity in Scholarly Communications: A Call for Action!

Diversity is an important characteristic of any healthy ecosystem, including scholarly communications. Diversity in services and platforms, funding mechanisms, and evaluation measures will allow the scholarly communication system to accommodate the different workflows, languages, publication outputs, and research topics that support the needs and epistemic pluralism of different research communities. In addition, diversity reduces the risk of vendor lock-in, which inevitably leads to monopoly, monoculture, and high prices. Bibliodiversity has been in steady decline for decades.1 Far from promoting diversity, the dominant “ecosystem” of scholarly publishing today increasingly resembles what Vandana Shiva (1993) has called the “monocultures of the mind”2, characterized by the homogenization of publication formats and outlets that are largely owned by a small number of multinational publishers who are far more interested in profit maximization than the health of the system. Yet, a diverse scholarly communications system is essential for addressing the complex challenges we face. As we transition to open access and open science, there is an opportunity to reverse this decline and foster greater diversity in scholarly communications; what the Jussieu Call refers to as bibliodiversity3. Bibliodiversity, by its nature, cannot be pursued through a single, unified approach, however it does require strong coordination in order to avoid a fragmented and siloed ecosystem. Building on the principles outlined in the Jussieu Call, this paper explores the current state of diversity in scholarly communications, and issues a call for action, specifying what each community can do individually and collectively to support greater bibliodiversity in a more intentional fashion

ANALYZING OPERATIONAL AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ON THE FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY (FINTECH) FIRM (Case Study on Samsung Pay)

This study aims to analyze the operational and financial performance of Samsung Pay at United States in the year of 2015. Operational performances consist of availability, security, and effectiveness and usability of Samsung Pay. Financial performances consist of profitability, inventory turnover, percentage of sold phone which acceptable to use Samsung Pay in US to all sold phone of Samsung in the year of 2015, and the percentage of sold phone which acceptable to use Samsung Pay in US to US Samsung Pay users in 2015. The theory used in this research is Corporate Performance Evaluation Theory. Methods of data collection used in this research is literature study with secondary data in the form of Annual Financial Statement of Samsung Electronics, Co., Ltd and the Subsidiaries in the Year of 2015. Descriptive qualitative method is used to analyze the research data. The result of the research found that the value of operational and financial performances of Samsung Pay is 3,1 of 4. So it can be said that the performance of financial and operational in Samsung Pay is great. Limitations of this research is no explanation about the revenue and job of the Samsung Pay‟s users at US, this research was not involved inside Samsung Pay but done by document analysis, as well as a minimum of information or data about Samsung Pay. The next research are expected to use the other data with the different set of research object and region, as well as to add the other performance indicators other than financial and operational

Additive presuppositions are derived through activating focus alternatives

The additive presupposition of particles like "too"/"even" is uncontested, but usually stipulated. This paper proposes to derive it based on two properties. (i) "too"/"even" is cross-linguistically focus-sensitive, and (ii) in many languages, "too"/"even" builds negative polarity items and free-choice items as well, often in concert with other particles. (i) is the source of its existential presupposition, and (ii) offers clues regarding how additivity comes about. (i)-(ii) together demand a sparse semantics for "too/even," one that can work with different kinds of alternatives (focus, subdomain, scalar) and invoke suitably different further operators

First-Class Subtypes

First class type equalities, in the form of generalized algebraic data types (GADTs), are commonly found in functional programs. However, first-class representations of other relations between types, such as subtyping, are not yet directly supported in most functional programming languages. We present several encodings of first-class subtypes using existing features of the OCaml language (made more convenient by the proposed modular implicits extension), show that any such encodings are interconvertible, and illustrate the utility of the encodings with several examples.Comment: In Proceedings ML 2017, arXiv:1905.0590