Adaptive Street Lighting Predictive Control

Abstract In this paper an implementation of a smart predictive monitoring and adaptive control system for the public lighting have been carried out. The vehicular traffic flow acquired using a smart camera has been analyzed and several predictive methods have been studied. Then, a control strategy based on the given traffic forecasts and on the dynamical street class downgrade allowed by the law, has been implemented. Experimental results provided by a real life testbed showed that the proposed strategy has high potential energy savings without affecting safety

Security for Cloud Environment through Information Flow Properties Formalization with a First-Order Temporal Logic

The main slowdown of Cloud activity comes from the lack of reliable security. The on-demand security concept aims at delivering and enforcing the client's security requirements. In this paper, we present an approach, Information Flow Past Linear Time Logic (IF-PLTL), to specify how a system can support a large range of security properties. We present in this paper how to control those information flows from lower system events. We give complete details over IF-PLTL syntax and semantics. Furthermore, that logic enables to formalize a large set of security policies. Our approach is exemplified with the Chinese Wall commercial-related policy. Finally, we discuss the extension of IF-PLTL with dynamic relabeling to encompass more realistic situations through the dynamic domains isolation policy.La principale cause de ralentissement de l'adoption du Cloud est le manque de sécurité fiable. Le concept de sécurité à la demande est de déployer et d'appliquer les demandes de sécurité d'un client. Dans ce papier, nous présentons une approche, Information Flow Past Linear Time Logic (IF-PLTL), qui permet de spécifier comment un système peut supporter un large ensemble de propriétés de sécurité. Nous présentons dans ce papier comment ces flux d'information peuvent être contrôler en utilisant les événements systèmes de bas niveau. Nous donnons une description compléte de la syntaxe de IF-PLTL ainsi que sa sémantique. De plus, cette logique permet de formaliser un large ensemble de politiques de sécurité. Notre approche est illustrée par la politique de sécurité de la muraille de Chine orienté vers le monde commercial. Finalement, nous montrons comment nous avons étendu notre langage pour supporter la relabélisation dynamique qui permet de supporter la dynamicité inhérante des systèmes. Nous illustrons cette extension par la formalisation d'une propriété de sécurité pour l'isolation dynamique de domaines

Evaluating the Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in Stockton, California

In any community, entrepreneurs and small business owners play an important role in the fabric of the community. The concept of “community wealth-building” is the idea that cooperatives, Community Development Financial Institutes (CDFIs), impact investors, and local governments, can “...strengthen locally-rooted and locally-held businesses and investing vehicles…” (Field, 2015, n.p.). It is believed that keeping businesses local results in “...more local tax revenue, more local business activity and more local employment” (Field, 2015, n.p.). Therefore, supporting an entrepreneur may contribute to the overall quality of life of the community by supporting them, their families, and their employees. This can be especially important to communities that depend on small businesses, for example, communities like Stockton, California. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the entrepreneurial ecosystem in Stockton and determine whether or not the city possesses the elements of a successful entrepreneurial ecosystem, as defined by the Kauffman Foundation; identifying the services provided by existing entrepreneur support organizations; examining the entrepreneurs’ experience participating in the entrepreneur programs; and analyzing the City of Stockton’s role in Stockton’s overall entrepreneurial ecosystem

Building the Hyperconnected Society- Internet of Things Research and Innovation Value Chains, Ecosystems and Markets

This book aims to provide a broad overview of various topics of Internet of Things (IoT), ranging from research, innovation and development priorities to enabling technologies, nanoelectronics, cyber-physical systems, architecture, interoperability and industrial applications. All this is happening in a global context, building towards intelligent, interconnected decision making as an essential driver for new growth and co-competition across a wider set of markets. It is intended to be a standalone book in a series that covers the Internet of Things activities of the IERC – Internet of Things European Research Cluster from research to technological innovation, validation and deployment.The book builds on the ideas put forward by the European Research Cluster on the Internet of Things Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda, and presents global views and state of the art results on the challenges facing the research, innovation, development and deployment of IoT in future years. The concept of IoT could disrupt consumer and industrial product markets generating new revenues and serving as a growth driver for semiconductor, networking equipment, and service provider end-markets globally. This will create new application and product end-markets, change the value chain of companies that creates the IoT technology and deploy it in various end sectors, while impacting the business models of semiconductor, software, device, communication and service provider stakeholders. The proliferation of intelligent devices at the edge of the network with the introduction of embedded software and app-driven hardware into manufactured devices, and the ability, through embedded software/hardware developments, to monetize those device functions and features by offering novel solutions, could generate completely new types of revenue streams. Intelligent and IoT devices leverage software, software licensing, entitlement management, and Internet connectivity in ways that address many of the societal challenges that we will face in the next decade

Building the Hyperconnected Society- Internet of Things Research and Innovation Value Chains, Ecosystems and Markets

This book aims to provide a broad overview of various topics of Internet of Things (IoT), ranging from research, innovation and development priorities to enabling technologies, nanoelectronics, cyber-physical systems, architecture, interoperability and industrial applications. All this is happening in a global context, building towards intelligent, interconnected decision making as an essential driver for new growth and co-competition across a wider set of markets. It is intended to be a standalone book in a series that covers the Internet of Things activities of the IERC – Internet of Things European Research Cluster from research to technological innovation, validation and deployment.The book builds on the ideas put forward by the European Research Cluster on the Internet of Things Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda, and presents global views and state of the art results on the challenges facing the research, innovation, development and deployment of IoT in future years. The concept of IoT could disrupt consumer and industrial product markets generating new revenues and serving as a growth driver for semiconductor, networking equipment, and service provider end-markets globally. This will create new application and product end-markets, change the value chain of companies that creates the IoT technology and deploy it in various end sectors, while impacting the business models of semiconductor, software, device, communication and service provider stakeholders. The proliferation of intelligent devices at the edge of the network with the introduction of embedded software and app-driven hardware into manufactured devices, and the ability, through embedded software/hardware developments, to monetize those device functions and features by offering novel solutions, could generate completely new types of revenue streams. Intelligent and IoT devices leverage software, software licensing, entitlement management, and Internet connectivity in ways that address many of the societal challenges that we will face in the next decade

Dynamic segmentation techniques applied to load profiles of electric energy consumption from domestic users

[EN] The electricity sector is currently undergoing a process of liberalization and separation of roles, which is being implemented under the regulatory auspices of each Member State of the European Union and, therefore, with different speeds, perspectives and objectives that must converge on a common horizon, where Europe will benefit from an interconnected energy market in which producers and consumers can participate in free competition. This process of liberalization and separation of roles involves two consequences or, viewed another way, entails a major consequence from which other immediate consequence, as a necessity, is derived. The main consequence is the increased complexity in the management and supervision of a system, the electrical, increasingly interconnected and participatory, with connection of distributed energy sources, much of them from renewable sources, at different voltage levels and with different generation capacity at any point in the network. From this situation the other consequence is derived, which is the need to communicate information between agents, reliably, safely and quickly, and that this information is analyzed in the most effective way possible, to form part of the processes of decision taking that improve the observability and controllability of a system which is increasing in complexity and number of agents involved. With the evolution of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), and the investments both in improving existing measurement and communications infrastructure, and taking the measurement and actuation capacity to a greater number of points in medium and low voltage networks, the availability of data that informs of the state of the network is increasingly higher and more complete. All these systems are part of the so-called Smart Grids, or intelligent networks of the future, a future which is not so far. One such source of information comes from the energy consumption of customers, measured on a regular basis (every hour, half hour or quarter-hour) and sent to the Distribution System Operators from the Smart Meters making use of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). This way, there is an increasingly amount of information on the energy consumption of customers, being stored in Big Data systems. This growing source of information demands specialized techniques which can take benefit from it, extracting a useful and summarized knowledge from it. This thesis deals with the use of this information of energy consumption from Smart Meters, in particular on the application of data mining techniques to obtain temporal patterns that characterize the users of electrical energy, grouping them according to these patterns in a small number of groups or clusters, that allow evaluating how users consume energy, both during the day and during a sequence of days, allowing to assess trends and predict future scenarios. For this, the current techniques are studied and, proving that the current works do not cover this objective, clustering or dynamic segmentation techniques applied to load profiles of electric energy consumption from domestic users are developed. These techniques are tested and validated on a database of hourly energy consumption values for a sample of residential customers in Spain during years 2008 and 2009. The results allow to observe both the characterization in consumption patterns of the different types of residential energy consumers, and their evolution over time, and to assess, for example, how the regulatory changes that occurred in Spain in the electricity sector during those years influenced in the temporal patterns of energy consumption.[ES] El sector eléctrico se halla actualmente sometido a un proceso de liberalización y separación de roles, que está siendo aplicado bajo los auspicios regulatorios de cada Estado Miembro de la Unión Europea y, por tanto, con distintas velocidades, perspectivas y objetivos que deben confluir en un horizonte común, en donde Europa se beneficiará de un mercado energético interconectado, en el cual productores y consumidores podrán participar en libre competencia. Este proceso de liberalización y separación de roles conlleva dos consecuencias o, visto de otra manera, conlleva una consecuencia principal de la cual se deriva, como necesidad, otra consecuencia inmediata. La consecuencia principal es el aumento de la complejidad en la gestión y supervisión de un sistema, el eléctrico, cada vez más interconectado y participativo, con conexión de fuentes distribuidas de energía, muchas de ellas de origen renovable, a distintos niveles de tensión y con distinta capacidad de generación, en cualquier punto de la red. De esta situación se deriva la otra consecuencia, que es la necesidad de comunicar información entre los distintos agentes, de forma fiable, segura y rápida, y que esta información sea analizada de la forma más eficaz posible, para que forme parte de los procesos de toma de decisiones que mejoran la observabilidad y controlabilidad de un sistema cada vez más complejo y con más agentes involucrados. Con el avance de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicaciones (TIC), y las inversiones tanto en mejora de la infraestructura existente de medida y comunicaciones, como en llevar la obtención de medidas y la capacidad de actuación a un mayor número de puntos en redes de media y baja tensión, la disponibilidad de datos sobre el estado de la red es cada vez mayor y más completa. Todos estos sistemas forman parte de las llamadas Smart Grids, o redes inteligentes del futuro, un futuro ya no tan lejano. Una de estas fuentes de información proviene de los consumos energéticos de los clientes, medidos de forma periódica (cada hora, media hora o cuarto de hora) y enviados hacia las Distribuidoras desde los contadores inteligentes o Smart Meters, mediante infraestructura avanzada de medida o Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). De esta forma, cada vez se tiene una mayor cantidad de información sobre los consumos energéticos de los clientes, almacenada en sistemas de Big Data. Esta cada vez mayor fuente de información demanda técnicas especializadas que sepan aprovecharla, extrayendo un conocimiento útil y resumido de la misma. La presente Tesis doctoral versa sobre el uso de esta información de consumos energéticos de los contadores inteligentes, en concreto sobre la aplicación de técnicas de minería de datos (data mining) para obtener patrones temporales que caractericen a los usuarios de energía eléctrica, agrupándolos según estos mismos patrones en un número reducido de grupos o clusters, que permiten evaluar la forma en que los usuarios consumen la energía, tanto a lo largo del día como durante una secuencia de días, permitiendo evaluar tendencias y predecir escenarios futuros. Para ello se estudian las técnicas actuales y, comprobando que los trabajos actuales no cubren este objetivo, se desarrollan técnicas de clustering o segmentación dinámica aplicadas a curvas de carga de consumo eléctrico diario de clientes domésticos. Estas técnicas se prueban y validan sobre una base de datos de consumos energéticos horarios de una muestra de clientes residenciales en España durante los años 2008 y 2009. Los resultados permiten observar tanto la caracterización en consumos de los distintos tipos de consumidores energéticos residenciales, como su evolución en el tiempo, y permiten evaluar, por ejemplo, cómo influenciaron en los patrones temporales de consumos los cambios regulatorios que se produjeron en España en el sector eléctrico durante esos años.[CA] El sector elèctric es troba actualment sotmès a un procés de liberalització i separació de rols, que s'està aplicant davall els auspicis reguladors de cada estat membre de la Unió Europea i, per tant, amb distintes velocitats, perspectives i objectius que han de confluir en un horitzó comú, on Europa es beneficiarà d'un mercat energètic interconnectat, en el qual productors i consumidors podran participar en lliure competència. Aquest procés de liberalització i separació de rols comporta dues conseqüències o, vist d'una altra manera, comporta una conseqüència principal de la qual es deriva, com a necessitat, una altra conseqüència immediata. La conseqüència principal és l'augment de la complexitat en la gestió i supervisió d'un sistema, l'elèctric, cada vegada més interconnectat i participatiu, amb connexió de fonts distribuïdes d'energia, moltes d'aquestes d'origen renovable, a distints nivells de tensió i amb distinta capacitat de generació, en qualsevol punt de la xarxa. D'aquesta situació es deriva l'altra conseqüència, que és la necessitat de comunicar informació entre els distints agents, de forma fiable, segura i ràpida, i que aquesta informació siga analitzada de la manera més eficaç possible, perquè forme part dels processos de presa de decisions que milloren l'observabilitat i controlabilitat d'un sistema cada vegada més complex i amb més agents involucrats. Amb l'avanç de les tecnologies de la informació i les comunicacions (TIC), i les inversions, tant en la millora de la infraestructura existent de mesura i comunicacions, com en el trasllat de l'obtenció de mesures i capacitat d'actuació a un nombre més gran de punts en xarxes de mitjana i baixa tensió, la disponibilitat de dades sobre l'estat de la xarxa és cada vegada major i més completa. Tots aquests sistemes formen part de les denominades Smart Grids o xarxes intel·ligents del futur, un futur ja no tan llunyà. Una d'aquestes fonts d'informació prové dels consums energètics dels clients, mesurats de forma periòdica (cada hora, mitja hora o quart d'hora) i enviats cap a les distribuïdores des dels comptadors intel·ligents o Smart Meters, per mitjà d'infraestructura avançada de mesura o Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). D'aquesta manera, cada vegada es té una major quantitat d'informació sobre els consums energètics dels clients, emmagatzemada en sistemes de Big Data. Aquesta cada vegada major font d'informació demanda tècniques especialitzades que sàpiguen aprofitar-la, extraient-ne un coneixement útil i resumit. La present tesi doctoral versa sobre l'ús d'aquesta informació de consums energètics dels comptadors intel·ligents, en concret sobre l'aplicació de tècniques de mineria de dades (data mining) per a obtenir patrons temporals que caracteritzen els usuaris d'energia elèctrica, agrupant-los segons aquests mateixos patrons en una quantitat reduïda de grups o clusters, que permeten avaluar la forma en què els usuaris consumeixen l'energia, tant al llarg del dia com durant una seqüència de dies, i que permetent avaluar tendències i predir escenaris futurs. Amb aquesta finalitat, s'estudien les tècniques actuals i, en comprovar que els treballs actuals no cobreixen aquest objectiu, es desenvolupen tècniques de clustering o segmentació dinàmica aplicades a corbes de càrrega de consum elèctric diari de clients domèstics. Aquestes tècniques es proven i validen sobre una base de dades de consums energètics horaris d'una mostra de clients residencials a Espanya durant els anys 2008 i 2009. Els resultats permeten observar tant la caracterització en consums dels distints tipus de consumidors energètics residencials, com la seua evolució en el temps, i permeten avaluar, per exemple, com van influenciar en els patrons temporals de consums els canvis reguladors que es van produir a Espanya en el sector elèctric durant aquests anys.Benítez Sánchez, IJ. (2015). Dynamic segmentation techniques applied to load profiles of electric energy consumption from domestic users [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/59236TESI

Well-Being, Community Development, and Andean Worldview: An Analysis of Meanings and Changes in Pedro Moncayo, Ecuador using Photovoice

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. April 2019. Major: Organizational Leadership, Policy, and Development. Advisor: Joan DeJaeghere. 1 computer file (PDF); xxiv, 412 pages.The goals of the research presented in this dissertation were to understand and analyze how communities in Andean Ecuador think about, initiate, and engage with their own community development. The study focused on health-related community development and its findings contribute to broader debates about what constitutes development and about how community members act as agents of their own development. The findings also resist the traditional discourse and practices of international development and complicate the ways in which U.S. university faculty educate students about global (health) development. The study was framed by decolonial theoretical approaches and the notion of cosmovisión Andina – an epistemology of the south – which I bring into conversation with the capability approach. Data collection was informed by ethnography, community-based participatory research, and the visual arts. The data collection method was photovoice, a form of participatory photography which enables co-researchers to build capacity in basic photography, after which they engage with the themes under investigation by capturing photos of parts of their daily lives and belief systems, which they then choose to bring forward for further explanation, discussion, and debate. I spent a total of four and a half months in Cantón Pedro Moncayo and during this time I also employed the ethnographic research methods of participant observation, interviewing, and document review. The study findings are presented here in two separate results chapters, the first of which deals with the characteristics of sumak kawsay/buen vivir, the way they appear in and condition everyday life, and the ways in which they have changed in the last two decades. These findings are analyzed in terms of embodiment, which can be thought of as a way of looking at the interaction between human bodies and their environments by regarding the body not just as an object, but an existential ground for culture. Embodiment presupposes certain ideas that also align with principles of Cosmo vision Andina, such that the human being is social and intersubjective, living in a community and an environment simultaneously, as well as within an evolving historical context. Particularities of embodiment appeared repeatedly in the co-researchers’ explanations of what it means to actively enact a good life and how these meanings are under tension, changing, and continually negotiated with a context of various internal and external development-related pressures. The second results chapter pertains to modes of participation and area programs and services which either operate to help co-researchers live in alignment with sumak kawsay/buen vivir or need improvement in order to do so. These study findings point to the ways in which co-researchers and their communities simultaneously work to produce and survive community development. What emerged was an interesting tension between the scale of services (both among governmental levels and within areas of parishes), citizen involvement in services, and their perceptions of the utility of their involvement. Issues of scale and friction help to problematize the effectiveness of sumak kawsay/buen vivir at a national versus a hyper-local scale and shed light on the sources of and possible solutions to frustrated development aspirations and cross-level community development collaboration. This study produced a number of implications for the fields of international development, global health, and U.S. higher education teaching and research in these disciplines. First, the study reinforces the need for a discourse and practice of development which centers hyper-local development, which is better aligned with the epistemologies and praxis of indigenous knowledges and represents a refusal of being coopted into discourses of sustainable or participatory development. Second, those working in health and development nonetheless need to expand their notions of what constitutes well-being. An enlargement of notions of well-being which is more aligned with the embodied characteristics of sumak kawsay counters the narrowmindedness of traditional economically-based notions of development. Third, and based on the previous two points, I argue that we must actively resist the single narrative of development and the single narrative of well-being in U.S. higher education institutions. Finally, I outline the ways in which visual research methods hold unique possibilities for advancing active participation and additional understanding of indigenous knowledges of well-being and practices of hyper-local development. I also outline the challenges which stem from an international, participatory, visual arts, and cross-language research study and how I dealt with these. What all of the study implications share is a decolonial focus on the absolute necessity of coupling concepts and praxis in resistance to the status quo, whether that be in development practice, health practice, teaching practice, or research

Developing Tradition: A History Of Intercultural Health Governance In Mexico, 1940-2000

This is an intellectual and social history of efforts by the Mexican state to order and transform medical pluralism for developmentalist ends in the highlands of Chiapas state between 1940 and 2000. Focusing on state employees, bilingual and indigenous doctors and midwives, and Mexican and foreign anthropologists, it grounds the emergence of “interculturalidad” – or the project of integrating indigenous traditional medicine into state and non-state health institutions – in a broader history of economic development and modernization and indigenous resistance to and negotiation of capitalist and national integration projects. It shows how efforts to integrate traditional medicine have not just focused on medicinal plants, but have long sought to capture and extract value from the labor of traditional medicine doctors and midwives. As the Mexican state shifted towards a multicultural model of nation formation in the late 1970s, efforts to extract labor from traditional medicine doctors and midwives intensified, leading to the birth of the hemisphere’s first indigenous traditional medicine doctor NGOs in the highland “laboratory” of intercultural health governance, San Cristóbal de las Casas, in 1985

The Rock, Winter 2011 (vol. 81, no. 1)

https://poetcommons.whittier.edu/rock/1200/thumbnail.jp