Ad illustriss. et reuerendiss. dominum d. Odoardum Farnesium s.r.e. cardinalem amplissimum. Ioannis Flaminii cler. Namurcen. carmen natalitium

[8! c. ; 4º Arma del cardinal Farnese incisa sul front Segn.: [A!-B⁴ La c. B4v e' bianca

Explanation and Essence in Posterior Analytics II 16-17

In Posterior Analytics II 16-17, Aristotle seems to claim that there cannot be more than one explanans of the same scientific explanandum. However, this seems to be true only for “primary-universal” demonstrations, in which the major term belongs to the minor “in itself” and the middle term is coextensive with the extremes. If so, several explananda we would like to admit as truly scientific would be out of the scope of an Aristotelian science. The secondary literature has identified a second problem in II 16-17: the middle term of a demonstration is sometimes taken as the definition of the minor term (the subject), other times as the definition (or the causal part of the definition) of the major (the demonstrable attribute). I shall argue that Aristotle’s solution to the first problem involves showing that certain problematic attributes, which appear to admit more than one explanation, actually fall into the privileged scenario of primary-universal demonstrations. In addition, his solution suggests a conciliatory way-out to our second problem (or so I shall argue): the existence of an attribute as a definable unity depends on its subject having the essence it has, which suggests that both the essence of subjects and the essence of demonstrable attributes can play explanatory roles in demonstration

Situated cognition and the culture of learning

Includes bibliographical references (p. 16-17

Genetically Modified Products – Contradictions and Challenges

This paper aims to identify the perception that consumers have about GM products, also taking into consideration the evolution of consumption and production of products based on genetically modified organisms. Therefore, the paper presents both aspects to clarify the concept of genetically modified organism (GMO issues such as typology, national or international regulations regarding this area) and global market development of genetically modified organisms, evolution which is presented by statistical data concerning the whole global area cultivated with genetically modified organisms. The paper has also managed to demonstrate through an exploratory research concerning consumer’s knowledge about GMO products, their attitude about biotechnology applications, the need for GMO-based products for scientific progress, the risks or advantages of genetically modified organisms and the paper has also managed to identify the key GMO-based products and to analyze the GMO Roundup Ready soybean species distribution in supermarkets in Bucharest.Biotechnology, genetically modified products, quality, market, producer, consumer

Partisan Divide: Favorability of NH Congressional Delegation 2/16/17

Favorability of New Hampshire\u27s Congressional delegation remains closely tied to partisanship. Jeanne Shaheen remains the most popular elected official in the state while Granite Staters\u27 opinion of her newly-elected Senate colleague Maggie Hassan remains divided after her narrow victory last November

Packing 16, 17 of 18 circles in an equilateral triangle

We present new, efficient packings for 16, 17 and 18 congruent circles in an equilateral triangle. The results have been found by the use of simulated annealing and a quasi-Newton optimization technique, supplemented with some human intelligence

Fertility as a process of social exchange

By marrying and raising children, parents participate in a system of gift-exchange in which the gifts in question are human lives, and the parties to the exchange are the kinship groups recognised in the society concerned. Fertility reflects the attitudes of prospective parents to their place in the existing system of reproductive exchange, and the relationships of cooperation and authority which it implies - as well as their confidence in the system’s continuing viability. It is shown that this view is compatible with earlier ideas about self-regulating population systems - and that changing economic circumstances are an important source of discrepancy between existing exchange systems and the attitudes and expectations of prospective parents. The discussion is developed with reference to data on European societies, including a case-study from the Alps, and concludes with an assessment of the relevance of the anthropological theory of gift exchange to contemporary fertility patterns in Europe and beyond.anthropological demography, cooperation, exchange marriage, fertility, homeostatic population regulation, reciprocity, second demographic transition