Power Allocation Algorithm Minimizing Outage Probability in Cognitive Radio Relay Network

为提升认知无线中继网络的中断性能,通过分析系统中断概率及用户功率分配情况,提出一种最小化中断概率的功率分配算法。给出在主用户干扰约束和总功率约束; 条件下最小化中断概率的数学优化方程组,根据用户的最大发射功率与干扰电平阈值的受限关系,分别考虑分配功率不超过干扰电平阈值、中继节点功率受限于干扰; 电平阈值以及所有节点受限于干扰电平阈值这3种情况,对应提出3种最佳功率分配方案,并基于KKT条件求解最优值。实验结果表明,该功率分配算法与基于频; 谱共享以及基于机会主义中继选择的中断概率分析方法相比,性能增益提升显著,并且在总功率、干扰电平变化的条件下,所采用的功率分配方案提升系统中断性能; 效果较好。To improve the outage performance of cognitive radio relay network,this; paper proposes a power allocation algorithm minimizing outage; probability by analyzing the system outage probability and user power; allocation conditions. It presents the mathematical optimization; equations minimizing outage probability of under master user; interference constraint and total power constraint. Then, according to; the relationship between the user's maximum transmit power and; interference level threshold,it proposes three optimal power allocation; schemes respectively to deal with three types of cases,including the; distribution of power not exceeding the interference level threshold,the; relay node power limited by the interference level threshold,and all; nodes limited by the interference level threshold. Finally,the optimal; value is solved based on Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT) conditions.; Experimental results show that compared with similar power allocation; methods,the proposed algorithm has obvious performance gain promotion.; And the effectiveness of the adopted power allocation schemes is proved; the most effective in enhancing the system outage performance when the; total power or the interference level is changing.国家自然科学基金; 闽南师范大学教学研究基

Effect of low intensity white light irradiation on the retinas of mice

AIM: To investigate the effect of low intensity white light irradiation on the retinas of mice.<p>METHODS: Thirty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups. The number of the mice in each group was 15. The mice in experimental group received dark adaptation from 5:00p.m. to 6:00p.m.,and then exposed to LED white light from 6:00p.m. to 7:00p.m. everyday for a month. At 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30d after the beginning, we examed the histology of mice retinas, calculated the thickness of outer nuclear layer(ONL),inner nuclear layer(INL)and analyzed electrophysiology of mice.<p>RESULTS:One month after experiment, compared to the control group, the latency of Rod-R a wave of the mice in experimental group significantly prolonged, the amplitude of Cone-R b wave of the mice in experimental group significantly decreased and the latency of b wave of the mice in experimental group significantly prolonged(<i>P</i><0.05).There are no significant difference in the histology of retina, ONL and INL thicknesses.<p>CONCLUSION: 100lux low intensity white light could give rise to the impairment of the retinal functions in dark-adapted mice

Investigation of Recall and Reconstruction of Emotional Autobiographical Memory.

This study was designed to investigate the positive bias and the fading affect bias (FAB) during recall of emotional autobiographical memory, and the differences of these biases among undergraduate students (N=85) by the Self-esteem scale, the Psychological well-being scale, the Thinking about life event scale, and the Big Five scale. This study also examined whether reconstruction of emotional autobiographical memory might correlate to false recall and false recognition generated by the DRM paradigm. The result revealed the followings. 1) Difference between positive estimation and negative estimation of negative experience was smaller than that between those of positive experience. 2) Correlation analysis showed that during recall of positive experience, emotional intensity positively correlated to positive estimation, and negatively correlated to negative estimation. 3) Self-esteem and extroversion positively correlated to recall of positive autobiographical memory and emotional estimation of it. 4) False recall ratio and false recognition ratio did not correlate to any measure of reconstruction of emotional auto-biographical memory. Taken together, these results suggest that younger adults generally show reconstruction of positive experience from negative one, and that the reconstruction of emotional autobiographical memory and the association memory error by the DRM paradigm do not appear to be equivalent

经济政策不确定性与股票风险特征

构建了包含经济政策不确定性的随机贴现模型,通过参数校准、静态比较等方法,探讨了不同政策不确定性下股票风险的动态特征.在此基础上,通过实证模拟分析政策不确定性影响股票风险的传导机制,并通过组合分析法检验政策不确定性在股票风险形成中的作用,以此验证该理论模型在中国的适用性.最后,运用面板数据回归模型对政策不确定性与股票风险的关系进行量化分析.结果表明:1)政策不确定性能够通过企业现金流、贴现因子和相关系数等途径提高股票风险,该效应在控制传统风险因子、企业异质性因素和外部环境因素后依然显著;2)具有非国有性质、较低盈利能力和低资产增长率的企业股票更易受政策不确定性的影响;3)在经济萧条和改革幅度较大的阶段,政策不确定性对股票风险的溢出效应显著增强.国家社会科学基金资助项目(16BJL028);;国家自然科学基金资助项目(71771193;71471154);;中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2017M622671

Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary Benthic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy in Khuzdar District, Balochistan, Pakistan, with Special Reference to the Influence of Tethyan Sea Closure

The paleontological study of benthic foraminifera in relation to the Indian-Asian boundary in Khuzdar District, Balochistan, Pakistan, have been carried in three sections of the Cretaceous-Paleogene: named as 1) PAK-section, 2) MG-section and 3) HR-section (Abbr.) of Hinar. Strata of the three sections contain typical Cretaceous-lower Tertiary benthic foraminifers such as Bolivinoides draco, Coryphostoma incrassata, C. midwayensis, Gavelinella monterelensis, Globorotalites micheliniana, Stensioina beccariiformis, S. excolata, Neoflabellina rugosa, Nuttallides truempyi and Vulvulina spinosa. Fifteen benthic foraminiferal assemblages have been recognized from the PAK-section (seven assemblages) and MG-section (eight assemblages). The Cretaceous-Paleogene strata are defined into three lithostratigraphic units consisting of the Mughal Kot Formation, the Pab Sandstone and the Jamburo Group in the ascending order. The age of the redefined Jamburo Group ranges from the Maastrichtian to the Middle Oligocene. The Cretaceous bearing strata of the Jamburo Group below the Pab Sandstone are correlated to the Mughal Kot Formation. The Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary is determined above the Pab Sandstone and the base of the Jamburo Group in the PAK-section and below coarse grained brecciated limestone in the MG-section. Whereas in the Hinar section, it is located between limestone and shale of the Jamburo Group, by the disappearance of such planktonic foraminifers as Globotruncana stuartiformis, G. falsostuarti, Gl. spp., Pseudoguembelina elegans and Recemiguembelina fructicosa and the appearance of the Danian Globorotalia pseudobulloides. The Cretaceous specimens occurring in the lower parts of the MG-section and PAK-section indicate Maastrichtian that is the age of the above mentioned Mughal Kot Formation and Pab Sandstone. Overall the redefined Jamburo Group consists of various kinds of shale, limestone, shelly limestone and marlstone. The late Cretaceous Mughal Kot Formation reveals more distinct alternation of limestone and shale, with two to three meter thick sandstone separated as a different unit equivalent to the Maastrichtian Pab Sandstone. Benthic foraminifers change their tests from calcareous to agglutinated across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. The change is most obvious in the PAK-section. However, the frequency of agglutinated taxa shows fluctuation in the Paleogene of the HR-section, and in the MG-section the agglutinated ratio does not largely change at the K/T boundary and gradually decreases afterwards. This decreasing tendency may be associated with restriction of the bottom water circulation of deeper water which may be caused by closure of the Tethyan Sea, and supports the hypothesis of collision of Eurasian and Indian Plates near the end of the Cretaceous and the Early Paleocene to Eocene

[[alternative]]A Content-Based Painting Image Retrieval System Based on AdaBoost

計畫編號：NSC94-2213-E032-025研究期間：200508~200607研究經費：393,000[[abstract]]對大量的藝術與繪畫作品做分類是一件非常繁瑣的工作，而且對繪畫類別的認定也是比 較主觀，在此我們提出一個根據主題內容的繪畫影像擷取系統，可以針對使用者每次不 同的要求來對資料庫中的繪畫影像做搜尋。 由於繪畫的主題內容是屬於高階的特徵，無法單純的利用一兩種低階特徵予以表現。所 以我們利用AdaBoost algorithm 來找出一些低階的特徵組合以符合使用者要求的高階特 徵。繪畫作品不同於自然影像，如：明暗強烈、筆觸明顯、色彩自由，同樣主題的畫作 可能會呈現全然不同的色調。因此我們提出一個根據繪畫構圖與邊緣角度的紋理特徵─ Spatial Angular Distribution (SAD)─以訓練AdaBoost 分類器。 限於一開始的訓練樣本數目，本系統設計包括回饋的機制讓使用者適時的介入並增加樣 本數以得到更好的分類結果。初步的實驗顯示目前的架構可以達到滿意的效果，接下來 將應用到比較龐大的資料庫，並讓使用者的查詢能更加的直覺與多樣化。[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

Structural Propagation of Productivity Shocks: The Case of Korea

We model the transition of technological structure that is associated with the changes in cost induced by the innovation that occurred, using a system of multi-sector, multi-factor production functions. Structural propagation is quantified by using a system of unit-cost functions compatible with multi-level CES, plain CES, Cobb--Douglas, and Leontief production functions whose parameters we estimate via two timely distant input--output accounts. The economy-wide welfare gain obtainable for an exogenously given innovation will hence be quantified via the technological structure after structural propagation. Welfare gain due to productivity doubling for the medical and health services (public) industry is studied as an example, using the 2000--2005 Korean linked input--output table as the source of data