Alliance One Tobacco (Malawi)
Academic Research Repository at the Institute of Developing EconomiesNot a member yet
23904 research outputs found
Sort by
The Effect of the US–China Trade War in a Neighboring Least-Developed Country
application/pdfIDP000986_001This study empirically examines the effects of US tariffs against China on exports to the United States from Laos, a least-developed country bordering China. Using monthly firm-level trade data from January 2018 to December 2020, we found that all firms in Laos, except those of US origin, benefit on average from trade diversion in the US market. In particular, rising exports by foreign firms other than US-origin firms are not attributable to the transshipment of Chinese products. For example, China-origin firms that expand exports to the US do not import products from China. However, Lao firms’ exports to the United States appear to increase through the transshipment or minor processing of Chinese goods, although the scale of these exports is negligible. Moreover, Lao exporters increased their exports to the United States without reducing exports to non-US countries.technical repor
Complying with Rules of Origin and Transfer Pricing
application/pdfIDP000989_001Manipulation of trade prices, or profit shifting, by multinational enterprises (MNEs) is an important topic in international trade policy. In this paper, we examine such price manipulation in relation to compliance with rules of origin (RoOs) in regional trade agreements (RTAs). We first theoretically demonstrate that regional value content (RVC) requirements incentivize MNEs to reduce import prices from RTA non-member countries, as well as to use RTA tariff rates in their exports to RTA partners. Next, using firm-level trade data from China, we empirically investigate this hypothesis for the ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA). As a result, we found that the MNE exporters of ACFTA-eligible products significantly decrease their import prices from ACFTA non-member countries. Our findings contribute to uncovering a novel source of price manipulation by MNEs, namely, compliance of RoOs.technical repor
ガーナ最高裁判所長官の罷免――新大統領による長官の停職処分に着目して――
2024 年12 月の大統領選挙によって政権交代が生じたガーナでは、ジョン・マハマ(John Mahama)新大統領が、2025 年4 月にガートルード・トルコルヌー(Gertrude Torkornoo)最高裁判所長官を停職する異例の処分を下した。これは長官の罷免を求める請願書3 通が提出されたことをうけた対応である。その後の調査委員会の勧告により9 月1 日付で同長官は罷免された。表向きは長官による越権行為に対する司法の健全性維持を理由とした処分だが、背景には同国の二大政党による勢力争いがある。さらに、この勢力争いは大統領が有す様々な公的ポストの任命権によって助長されている。このような勝者総取り制度と、近年特に高まりをみせている国民の司法への不信感が、今回の処分を後押しした。PJa/3/Af4articl