The Establishment of a Preliminary Weight Profile for the 257 Table Birds within the Sheepdrove Organic Farm Organic Silvo-Poultry System.

A preliminary weight profile was produce for the organic silvo-poultry system on Sheepdrove organic farm. Seven batches (each of 20 hens and 20 cocks) were weighed over a two month period (January/February 2003). No current organic silvo-poultry weight profile was available but the weights achieved were found to exceed those of the nearest suggested profile (ISA 657) but were beneath the weights required for Sheepdroves markets. There was great and inconsistent variation between the batches and between sheds. This suggested that environment and management of particular houses could be having a large impact on final chicken weights

Partager les pays-bas autrichiens, contenir la France: tâter les limites du langage diplomatique en août 1725

In this conference paper, I discuss a letter written by Horace Walpole, prominent British diplomat, to the duke of Newcastle, secretary of state for the Southern department. In the midst of diplomatic turmoil around the secret Spanish-Austrian "Ripperda" alliance of May 1725, Walpole suggests a partition of the Southern Netherlands. I place this in its broader legal context, having regard to the importance of international norms and the broader diplomatic system in directing individual state's freedom of action

Orígenes de la Ortografía de la RAE : primeras aportaciones de Bartolomé Alcázar (1715) y de Adrián Conink (h. 1716)

La investigación para este trabajo ha sido posible gracias a la ayuda de la DGICYT para los proyectos "Historia interna del Diccionario de la lengua castellana de la RAE (1817-1852)" (FFI2014-51904-P) y "El español en contacto con el catalán: variación diatópica y bilingüismo" (FF2012-33499), y el apoyo del Comissionat per Universitats i Recerca de la Generalitat de Catalunya al "Grupo de Lexicografía y Diacronía" (20145GR138). Asimismo, agradezco a los responsables de la Biblioteca y del Archivo de la Real Academia Española la hospitalidad y la ayuda recibidas para consultar los fondos de la Corporación.El "Discurso proemial de la orthographía de la Lengua Castellana" publicado en los Preliminares del Diccionario de Autoridades (1726) constituye el primer tratado ortográfico elaborado por la Real Academia Española. La importancia de esta obra en el inicio del proceso de regulación ortográfica del español moderno justifica la necesidad de ahondar en su conocimiento a través de documentos hasta ahora no estudiados. Mediante el análisis del contenido de la copia de los discursos de Bartolomé Alcázar ("Sobre si la Z es letra castellana", 1715) y de Adrián Conink ("Discurso de la Orthographía de la lengua castellana", h. 1716), conservada en el ms. 112 de la Biblioteca de la Real Academia Española, es posible conocer mejor los principios que sostienen las primeras reglas ortográficas de la Corporación. Para ello, no solo se tiene en cuenta la evolución de las normas desde sus primeras formulaciones por Alcázar y Conink hasta su redacción en el "Discurso proemial", sino también los acuerdos en materia ortográfica reunidos en las Actas (1713-1739)

Classical nucleation theory of immersion freezing: sensitivity of contact angle schemes to thermodynamic and kinetic parameters

Heterogeneous ice formation by immersion freezing in mixed-phase clouds can be parameterized in general circulation models (GCMs) by classical nucleation theory (CNT). CNT parameterization schemes describe immersion freezing as a stochastic process, including the properties of insoluble aerosol particles in the droplets. There are different ways to parameterize the properties of aerosol particles (i.e., contact angle schemes), which are compiled and tested in this paper. The goal of this study is to find a parameterization scheme for GCMs to describe immersion freezing with the ability to shift and adjust the slope of the freezing curve compared to homogeneous freezing to match experimental data. We showed in a previous publication that the resulting freezing curves from CNT are very sensitive to unconstrained kinetic and thermodynamic parameters in the case of homogeneous freezing. Here we investigate how sensitive the outcome of a parameter estimation for contact angle schemes from experimental data is to unconstrained kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. We demonstrate that the parameters describing the contact angle schemes can mask the uncertainty in thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. Different CNT formulations are fitted to an extensive immersion freezing dataset consisting of size-selected measurements as a function of temperature and time for different mineral dust types, namely kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, microcline (K-feldspar), and Arizona test dust. We investigated how accurate different CNT formulations (with estimated fit parameters for different contact angle schemes) reproduce the measured freezing data, especially the time and particle size dependence of the freezing process. The results are compared to a simplified deterministic freezing scheme. In this context, we evaluated which CNT-based parameterization scheme able to represent particle properties is the best choice to describe immersion freezing in a GCM

Mathematical modeling and design of layer crystallization in a concentric annulus with and without recirculation [Abstract]

Mathematical modeling and design of layer crystallization in a concentric annulus with and without recirculation [Abstract

English cultural reflections of Chatham 1667

The shock of the Dutch descent on the Thames and Medway was reflected by diarists such as Samuel Pepys and John Evelyn who recorded confusion, fear and humiliation for the English and their King Charles II. What was to follow over the next hundred and forty years was neither the inevitable nor inexorable rise of the Royal Navy. However starting with Anglo Dutch operations the English gained a commercial and military confidence which was to be reflected in public displays and celebrations of victories gained. The building of the Naval Hospital Greenwich gave this solid form especially the Painted Hall and its allegories of British successes. Through the long 18th century the Royal Navy and its officers would be celebrated in in song, ballads & plays and their fashion aped by the nobility. This change in fortune was personified with the Nelson pediment at Greenwich at the start of the 19th century