Ugly Laws

So-called “ugly laws” were mostly municipal statutes in the United States that outlawed the appearance in public of people who were, in the words of one of these laws, “diseased, maimed, mutilated, or in any way deformed, so as to be an unsightly or disgusting object” (Chicago City Code 1881). Although the moniker “ugly laws” was coined to refer collectively to such ordinances only in 1975 (Burgdorf and Burgdorf 1975), it has become the primary way to refer to such laws, which targeted the overlapping categories of the poor, the homeless, vagrants, and those with visible disabilities. Enacted and actively enforced between the American Civil War (1867) and World War I (1918), such laws and their enforcement can tell us much about the very sorts of people who were also, a generation later, subject to explicitly eugenic laws, such as sterilization legislation. And like eugenic laws and policies, such laws continue to affect the lives of people with disabilities to this day (Schweik 2011)

The Campanile Orchestra

Festival Overture, Op. 96, Dmitriĭ Dmitrievich Shostakovich (1906-1975) -- Pelleas and Melisande Suite, Op. 80, Gabriel Fauré (1845-1924) -- Night on Bald Mountain, Modest P. Mussorgsky (1839-1881) -- Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Op. 67, Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827

Reconstructing historical trends of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon deposition in a remote area of Spain using herbarium moss material

Herbarium mosses from 1879-1881, 1973-1975 and 2006-2007 were used to investigate the historical changes of atmospheric deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at a remote site located in Northern Spain. Natural abundance of nitrogen and carbon isotopes was also measured in order to assess the evolution of emissions from anthropogenic sources. Nitrogen concentrations, 13C, 13N and PAH levels were significantly higher in 19th century samples with respect to the present century samples. Moreover, PAH distribution varied over the centuries, following a tendency of light PAH enrichment. The carbon, nitrogen and PAH levels measured in the mosses tally with the historic evolution of anthropogenic emissions in the area, mainly influenced by changes of economic activities, domestic heating and road traffic density. Mosses provided by herbaria seem to offer the possibility to study long-term temporal evolution of atmospheric PAH deposition

“Tales and Adventures”: G.A. Henty’s Union Jack and the Competitive World of Publishing for Boys in the 1880s’

In the competitive publishing environment of the late nineteenth century, writers and magazines had to distinguish themselves carefully from potential rivals. This article examines how G.A. Henty’s quality boys’ weekly, Union Jack (1880-83), attempted to secure a niche in the juvenile publishing market by deliberately distinguishing itself from other papers as a literary, imperialist and “healthy” publication. The article explores the design and marketing techniques of the magazine, its status as a fiction paper, the high calibre of its contributors, and its aggressive rhetoric in targeting an exclusively masculine audience. It argues that while Union Jack was marketed as a niche publication, it eventually failed to distinguish itself sufficiently to survive in an extremely competitive environment

La vie politique de Benjamin Disraeli, 1881-1975 : images et usages de Disraeli au sein de l'élite politique britannique

De 1881 à 1975, Benjamin Disraeli (1804-1881), ancien Premier ministre conservateur britannique a connu une postérité fluctuante. Sa mémoire a été entretenue dès sa mort en 1881 à travers l'action de Lord Randolph Churchill et de la Primrose League avant une période d'oubli relatif allant jusqu'en 1922. À partir de cette date, il est progressivement redécouvert sous l'égide de Stanley Baldwin, mais c'est surtout après-guerre qu'il est célébré comme l'une des principales figures du panthéon conservateur. Tout au long de sa longue carrière posthume, il est invoqué sur des sujets divers (affaires sociales, Empire, politique étrangère) en fonction des contextes politiques

Preliminary checklist of the Cerambycidae, Disteniidae, and Vesperidae (Coleoptera) of Peru

A preliminary checklist of the Cerambycidae, Disteniidae, and Vesperidae (Coleoptera) of Peru is presented. Within Cerambycidae, we record five subfamilies, 55 tribes, 345 genera and subgenera, and 714 species. Within Disteniidae, we record one tribe, six genera, and 11 species. We also record one subfamily, one tribe, one genus, and two species within Vesperidae. Four new country records are recorded: one species in the tribe Anacolini (Cerambycidae: Prioninae): Cycloprionus flavus Tippmann, 1953; and three species in the tribe Onciderini (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae): Cacostola simplex (Pascoe, 1859); Marensis simplex (Bates, 1865); Trachysomus cavigibba Martins, 1975. In addition, 161 species recorded are known only from Peru

Attraction of \u3ci\u3ePedilus Lugubris\u3c/i\u3e (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae) to \u3ci\u3eEpicauta Murina\u3c/i\u3e and \u3ci\u3eEpicauta Fabricii\u3c/i\u3e (Coleoptera: Meloidae) and New Food Plant Records for \u3ci\u3eEpicauta\u3c/i\u3e Spp.

Pedilus lugubris was found associated with Epicauta murina feeding on Lathyrus venosus foliage and with E. fabricii feeding on Lupinus perennis flowers. Epicauta cinerea and E. funebris were found feeding on foliage of Anemone canadensis and Physalis heterophylla, respectively. This is the first reported association of P lugubris with any species of Epicauta, and the first reported use of Lathyrus venosus by E. murina, of Lupinus perennis by E. fabricii, of Anemone canadensis by E. cinerea and of Physalis heterophylla by E. funebris

The Jewish 'ghetto': formation and spatial structure

Research into patterns of immigrant settlement has consistently indicated that certain areas of cities are prone to settlement by immigrant groups. This paper proposes that immigrant settlement of such areas may have a particular spacial pattern. Taking the case of the settlement of Leeds, England by Jewish immigrants in the latter six decades of the nineteenth century, we describe the formation of the immigrant Jewish settlement in the area called Leylands.The paper shows first, that Leylands was spacially segregated in comparison with the city overall; and second, that the pattern of settlement was one of intensification of particular streets through time, whereby initially the main, relatively integrated streets were settled, with occupancy moving as time went on to more segregated streets.Analysis of social class defined by occupation suggests that the whole population of Leylands was much poorer than that of Leeds overall. This paper suggests that since the poverty difference was present and possibly more pronounced for the majority, non-Jewish population, that the socio-economic form of the area settlement in Leeds was more likely to have been related to its spacial sgregation than to the social and economic segregation of the immigrant group. It is suggested that the particular characteristics special to certain immigrant groups allowed the Jews of Leylands to overcome their spacial segregation by employing strong social networks on the one hand and through economic mutual help on the other

MS-092: Phi Kappa Psi, Pennsylvania Epsilon Chapter

This collection consists of the National Chapter publications, The Shield, and The Mystic Friend as well as the local PA Epsilon publication, The Torch. It also includes local chapter meeting minutes dating back to 1855, correspondence, registers, ledgers, and roll call lists of the local chapter.https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/findingaidsall/1084/thumbnail.jp

PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA TANAH PEMUKIMAN DIBAWAH PETUANAN RAJA DAN AKIBAT HUKUMNYA

AbstrakBerdasarkan temuan, dapatlah dideskripsikan, bahwa penyelesaian konflik atau sengketa tanah yang terjadi di Desa Wamlana dilakukan melalui mekanisme hukum adat yang berlaku dibawah Petuanan Leisela, sehingga akibat hukum yang timbul dari putusan yang diambil melalui sidang saniri adalah apabila diantara kedua belah pihak yang bersengketa diketahui melakukan perbuatan berbohong maka pihak tersebut harus mau menerima konsekuensi  putusan dengan suka rela. Dalam hal ini pihak yang diketahui melakukan tindakan berbohong, akan menerima akibanya, pihak tersebut kemungkinan akan terkena sumpahnya sendiri dan mengalami kondisi serius diantaranya kehilangan nyawa.Kata kunci: hukum adat, konflik, putusan