The how of literature

A critical discussion of the concept of 'performance literature' as applied to the cross-cultural and comparative analysis of literature, with special but not exclusive reference to the literatures of Asia and Afric

The Impact of Network Latency on the Synchronization of Real-World IEEE 1588-2008 Devices Using 1588 and non-1588 Aware Switches

Precision Time Protocol (PTP) is a high precision time synchronization protocol designed to operate over a local area network. PTP, often referred to as 1588, is defined by the IEEE Standard 1588(TM)-2008. The protocol theoretically allows synchronization at the nanosecond level. New devices with support for 1588 are emerging into the market, but there have been few studies on real 1588 devices. Our research was broken into two parts: Phase 1 and Phase 2. Phase 1 studied performance of the protocol in an environment where two 1588 devices are connected via a network in which impairments that are typically observed in real networks are introduced and non-1588 devices are present. Measuring the Pulse-Per-Second (PPS) clock outputs of the 1588 boards, we were able to calculate the standard deviation and the mean synchronization error of the 1588 clocks. When we applied latency via network emulators and traffic generators between the 1588 connections, we found that 1588 boards were unable to maintain high accuracy time synchronization under variable and asymmetric latency. The results provide valuable insight into the real-world accuracy and robustness because it is rare that a network will contain neither variable or asymmetric latency. In Phase 2 we studied the impact of latency and high-bandwidth background traffic on 1588 clock synchronization when connected through 1588 and non-1588 aware switches. We found that 1588 aware switches provide higher precision time synchronization in small networks; but in large networks where congestion is present 1588 aware switches were unable to maintain high accuracy clock synchronization without prioritization. Our results also show that having cut-through Enterprise Ethernet switches connected to high congestion endpoints with priorities enabled is adequate for maintaining sub-microsecond synchronization performance

'The Paintings Within'

This is one of several contributory essays in the volume: 'Nicholas Lanier, 1588–1666. A Portrait Revealed'. It examines the two paintings that are internal to the portrait and suggests reasons for their inclusion and also proposes that they require ways of seeing which are unfamiliar to viewers today

Portraits de l'alchimiste en savant : (dé)figurations d'un savoir (1588- 1648)

Figuration of alchemical scientists in novel and scientific treaties between 1588 and 1648.Représentation des alchimistes dans le roman et le traité scientifique des années 1588-1648

Credit losses in Australasian banking

We analyse determinants of bank credit losses in Australasia. Despite sizeable credit losses over the past two decades, ours is the first systematic study to do so. Analysis is based on a comprehensive dataset retrieved from original financial reports of 32 Australasian banks (1980- 2005). Credit losses rise when the macro economy is weak. Asset markets, particularly the equity market, are also important. Larger banks provide more for credit losses while less efficient banks have greater asset quality problems. Strong loan growth translates into significantly higher credit losses with a lag of 2-4 years. Finally, the results show strong evidence of income smoothing activities by banks

Высокопродуктивные системы реального времени для крупномасштабных приложений

The article discusses creation of highly productive real-time systems based on data-centric architecture. For performance issues, efficiency and maintainability of such systems it is proposed using technology of data distribution based on the data distribution service (DDS), with time synchronization based on IEEE 1588.Розглянуті питання створення високопродуктивних систем реального часу на базі датацентричної архітектури з використанням технології розподілу даних (DDS), з підтримкою стандарту синхронізації часу IEEE 1588.Рассмотрены вопросы создания высокопродуктивных систем реального времени на базе дата-центрической архитектуры с использованием технологии распределения данных (DDS), с поддержкой стандарта синхронизации времени IEEE 1588