Las fórmulas de tratamiento del español bonaerense desde la perspectiva de la Sociolingüística histórica: Factores y procesos en la dinámica del cambio (1800-1880)

Este trabajo se propone bosquejar, dentro de un enfoque de sociolingüística histórica, una primera visión de conjunto de la evolución ocurrida en el sistema de tratamientos del español bonaerense entre 1800 y 1880 en el ámbito familiar y de relaciones sociales, confrontando los usos y tendencias predominantes en ambos dominios  interaccionales de dicha variedad lingüística. La cuestión se focaliza  en los factores definidores del sistema en las distintas etapas consideradas, y en los factores interactuantes, coadyuvantes del surgimiento, extensión y generalización de cambios lingüísticos a lo largo del período total considerado, intentando la ponderación relativa de los mismos a la luz de la intrincada red de motivaciones internas y externas para el cambio lingüístico.The aim of this study is to outline, from a historical-sociolinguistic perspective, a first comprehensive vision of the address system evolution in Buenos Aires region Spanish Language - from 1800 to 1880-, both in the familiar and social domains, by comparing the uses and trends prevailing in them. This article focuses on the defining factors of the system in the different stages and on the interacting factors, that contribute to the arising, spreading, and generalization of language changes throughout the period studied, attempting to weight their relative importance in the light of the complex network of internal and external motivations for language change.Fil: Rigatuso, Elizabeth Mercedes. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentin

Globalization, growth and distribution in Spain 1500-1913

The endogenous growth literature has explored the transition from a Malthusian world where real wages, living standards and labor productivity are all linked to factor endowments, to one where (endogenous) productivity change embedded in modern industrial growth breaks that link. Recently, economic historians have presented evidence from England showing that the dramatic reversal in distributional trends – from a steep secular fall in wage-land rent ratios before 1800 to a steep secular rise thereafter – must be explained both by industrial revolutionary growth forces and by global forces that opened up the English economy to international trade. This paper explores whether and how the relationship was different for Spain, a country which had relatively poor productivity growth in agriculture and low living standards prior to 1800, was a late-comer to industrialization afterwards, and adopted very restrictive policies towards imports for much of the 19th century. The failure of Spanish wagerental ratios to undergo a sustained rise after 1840 can be attributed to the delayed fall in relative agricultural prices (due to those protective policies) and to the decline in Spanish manufacturing productivity after 1898

Old Country and Farming Words: Gleaned from Agricultural Books

Glosario. -- Various. -- Pertenece a la colección Varia 1800-1950 del Salamanca Corpus. -- James Britten, 1846-1924. -- Old Country and Farming Words: Gleaned from Agricultural Books. . -- 1880.[ES] Colección de palabras dialectales recogidas en textos sobre agricultura de los siglos 17 y 18. [EN] A collection of dialect words gleaned from 17th and 18th century agricultural books

Una aproximación al sector pesquero tradicional vasco (c.1800-c.1880)

This paper deals with the Basque traditional fisheries during the 19th century. It contends that its performance depended to a great extent on the conditions of the natural environment. Nevertheless, social conditionings arose among the natural restrictions. Most of the research on fishing history has been focused on a supply-side analysis. However, apart from some few exceptions, none of the existing research has shown special interest in the role played by demand in the evolution of the fishing sector. What this paper seeks to explain is that although the productive structure of the Basque traditional fishing communities was directly shaped by the ecological behaviour of the exploited resources, market and demand conditions were crucial to understand how it devolved

Globalization, Growth and Distribution in Spain 1500-1913

The endogenous growth literature has explored the transition from a Malthusian world where real wages, living standards and labor productivity are all linked to factor endowments, to one where (endogenous) productivity change embedded in modern industrial growth breaks that link. Recently, economic historians have presented evidence from England showing that the dramatic reversal in distributional trends -- from a steep secular fall in wage-land rent ratios before 1800 to a steep secular rise thereafter -- must be explained both by industrial revolutionary growth forces and by global forces that opened up the English economy to international trade. This paper explores whether and how the relationship was different for Spain, a country which had relatively poor productivity growth in agriculture and low living standards prior to 1800, was a late-comer to industrialization afterwards, and adopted very restrictive policies towards imports for much of the 19th century. The failure of Spanish wage-rental ratios to undergo a sustained rise after 1840 can be attributed to the delayed fall in relative agricultural prices (due to those protective policies) and to the decline in Spanish manufacturing productivity after 1898.

Globalization, growth and distribution in Spain 1500-1913

The endogenous growth literature has explored the transition from a Malthusian world where real wages, living standards and labor productivity are all linked to factor endowments, to one where (endogenous) productivity change embedded in modern industrial growth breaks that link. Recently, economic historians have presented evidence from England showing that the dramatic reversal in distributional trends – from a steep secular fall in wage-land rent ratios before 1800 to a steep secular rise thereafter – must be explained both by industrial revolutionary growth forces and by global forces that opened up the English economy to international trade. This paper explores whether and how the relationship was different for Spain, a country which had relatively poor productivity growth in agriculture and low living standards prior to 1800, was a late-comer to industrialization afterwards, and adopted very restrictive policies towards imports for much of the 19th century. The failure of Spanish wagerental ratios to undergo a sustained rise after 1840 can be attributed to the delayed fall in relative agricultural prices (due to those protective policies) and to the decline in Spanish manufacturing productivity after 1898.

Industrial development under institutional frailty: the development of the Mexican textile industry in the nineteenth century

La Historia Económica en Latinoamérica. Edición a cargo de Pablo Martín Aceña, Adolfo Meisel, Carlos Newland.Editada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaLa industria textil moderna apareció en México tempranamente y creció de forma continua a lo largo del siglo XIX. Sin embargo, esto no se tradujo en un proceso de industrialización exitoso como resultado de altos costos de transporte y fragilidad institucional: concepto que incluye la incertidumbre, la debilidad y la fragmentación institucionales. La fragilidad institucional generó una política arancelaría capturada que otorgaba bajos niveles de protección efectiva a la industria, un mercado financiero atrasado que limitó los recursos disponibles al crecimiento industrial, y un crecimiento en los costos de transporte debido a las alcabalas. Los altos costos de transporte fragmentaron el mercado nacional y como resultado generaron una industria geográficamente dispersa.Modern texture manufacture appeared early in México and grew continuously through the 19th century. Yet, it did not transíate into a successful industrialization process as a result of naturally endowed high transportation costs and institutional frailty: a concept that encompasses institutional uncertainty, weakness and fragmentation. Institutional frailty generated a captured tariff policy that gave low effective protection to the industry, a backward financial market that limited resources available for industrial growth, and increased transportation costs through inter-state tariff barriers. High transportation costs fragmented the national market and as a result, the textile industry grew geographically dispersed.Publicad

Globalization, Growth and Distribution in Spain 1500-1913

The endogenous growth literature has explored the transition from a Malthusian world where real wages, living standards and labor productivity are all linked to factor endowments, to one where (endogenous) productivity change embedded in modern industrial growth breaks that link. Recently, economic historians have presented evidence from England showing that the dramatic reversal in distributional trends – from a steep secular fall in wage-land rent ratios before 1800 to a steep secular rise thereafter – must be explained both by industrial revolutionary growth forces and by global forces that opened up the English economy to international trade. This paper explores whether and how the relationship was different for Spain, a country which had relatively poor productivity growth in agriculture and low living standards prior to 1800, was a late-comer to industrialization afterwards, and adopted very restrictive policies towards imports for much of the 19th century. The failure of Spanish wage-rental ratios to undergo a sustained rise after 1840 can be attributed to the delayed fall in relative agricultural prices (due to those protective policies) and to the decline in Spanish manufacturing productivity after 1898.Growth, distribution, globalization, Spain

Globalization, Growth and Distribution in Spain 1500-1913

The endogenous growth literature has explored the transition from a Malthusian world where real wages, living standards and labor productivity are all linked to factor endowments, to one where (endogenous) productivity change embedded in modern industrial growth breaks that link. Recently, economic historians have presented evidence from England showing that the dramatic reversal in distributional trends – from a steep secular fall in wage-land rent ratios before 1800 to a steep secular rise thereafter – must be explained both by industrial revolutionary growth forces and by global forces that opened up the English economy to international trade. This paper explores whether and how the relationship was different for Spain, a country which had relatively poor productivity growth in agriculture and low living standards prior to 1800, was a late-comer to industrialization afterwards, and adopted very restrictive policies towards imports for much of the 19th century. The failure of Spanish wage-rental ratios to undergo a sustained rise after 1840 can be attributed to the delayed fall in relative agricultural prices (due to those protective policies) and to the decline in Spanish manufacturing productivity after 1898.Growth, distribution, globalization, Spain