The Cultural Landscape & Heritage Paradox; Protection and Development of the Dutch Archeological-Historical Landscape and its European Dimension

To what extent can we know past and mainly invisible landscapes, and how we can use this still hidden knowledge for actual sustainable management of landscape’s cultural and historical values. It has also been acknowledged that heritage management is increasingly about ‘the management of future change rather than simply protection’. This presents us with a paradox: to preserve our historic environment, we have to collaborate with those who wish to transform it and, in order to apply our expert knowledge, we have to make it suitable for policy and society. The answer presented by the Protection and Development of the Dutch Archaeological-Historical Landscape programme (pdl/bbo) is an integrative landscape approach which applies inter- and transdisciplinarity, establishing links between archaeological-historical heritage and planning, and between research and policy. This is supported by two unifying concepts: ‘biography of landscape’ and ‘action research’. This approach focuses upon the interaction between knowledge, policy and an imagination centered on the public. The European perspective makes us aware of the resourcefulness of the diversity of landscapes, of social and institutional structures, of various sorts of problems, approaches and ways forward. In addition, two related issues stand out: the management of knowledge creation for landscape research and management, and the prospects for the near future. Underlying them is the imperative that we learn from the past ‘through landscape’

Aeronautical engineering: A cumulative index to a continuing bibliography

This bibliography is a cumulative index to the abstracts contained in NASA SP-7037(210) through NASA SP-7037(221) of Aeronautical Engineering: A Continuing Bibliography. NASA SP-7037 and its supplements have been compiled through the cooperative efforts of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This cumulative index includes subject, personal author, corporate source, foreign technology, contract number, report number, and accession number indexes

University of Windsor Undergraduate Calendar 2004-2006

https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/universitywindsorundergraduatecalendars/1012/thumbnail.jp

Annual Report of the University, 2001-2002, Volumes 1-4

VITAL ACADEMIC CLIMATE* by Brian Foster, Provost/Vice President of Academic Affairs A great university engages students and faculty fully in important ideas and issues ... not just to learn about them, but to take them apart and put them back together, to debate, deconstruct, resist, reconstruct and build upon them. Engagement of this sort takes concentration and commitment, and it produces the kind of discipline and passion that leads to student and faculty success and satisfaction in their studies, research, performance, artistic activity and service. It is also the kind of activity that creates a solid, nurturing spirit of community. This is what we mean when we talk about a vital academic climate. We are striving for an environment that will enrich the social, cultural and intellectual lives of all who come in contact with the University. Many things interconnect to make this happen: curriculum, co-curricular activities, conferences, symposia, cultural events, community service, research and social activity. Our goal is to create the highest possible level of academic commitment and excitement at UNM. This is what characterizes a truly great university. *Strategic Direction 2 New Mexico native Andres C. Salazar, a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Michigan State University, has been named the PNM Chair in Microsystems, Commercialization and Technology. Carrying the title of professor, the PNM Chair is a joint appointment between the School of Engineering and the Anderson Schools of Management. Spring 2002 graduate John Probasco was selected a 2002 Rhodes Scholar, the second UNM student to be so honored in the past four years. The biochemistry major from Alamogordo previously had been awarded the Goldwater Scholarship and the Truman Scholarship. Andres c. Salazar Biology student Sophie Peterson of Albuquerque was one of 30 students nationwide to receive a 2002-2003 Award of Excellence from Phi Kappa Phi, the oldest and largest national honor society. Regents\\u27 Professor of Communication and Journalism Everett M. Rogers was selected the University\\u27s 4 71h Annual Research Lecturer, the highest honor UNM bestows upon members of its faculty. John Probasco honored by Student Activities Director Debbie Morris. New Mexico resident, author and poet Simon}. Ortiz received an Honorary Doctorate of Letters at Spring Commencement ceremonies. Child advocate Angela Angie Vachio, founder and executive director of Peanut Butter and Jelly Family Services, Inc., was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters. American Studies Assistant Professor Amanda}. Cobb won the 22 d annual American Book Award for listening to Our Grandmothers\\u27 Stories: The Bloomfield Academy for Chickasaw Females, 1852-1949

Visual effects of respiratory disturbance

BACKGROUND Mild hypoxia is well known to impair scotopic (night) vision while moderate to severe hypoxia is required to compromise photopic (day) vision. However, the severity of hypoxia required to affect mesopic (twilight) vision, when both rod and cone photoreceptors contribute to visual perception, is unknown. This question is relevant to night flying at low altitude when mild hypobaric hypoxia might influence the visual performance of healthy aircrew operating in dimly illuminated cockpits and flight decks. Comparative studies indicate that increased rod oxygen consumption in dim light promotes outer retinal hypoxia under normal respiratory conditions. This might increase the susceptibility of the outer retina to the deleterious effects of exogenous hypoxia. This thesis aims to identify and quantify effects of respiratory disturbance on visual performance across the low photopic to mid-mesopic range. As well as mild to moderate hypoxia, the effects of hype roxi a and hypocapnia (hyperventilation) are considered. METHODS Cardio-respiratory status was monitored closely in all experiments, including breath-by-breath mass spectrometry for respired partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide. An initial dark adaptation study in a hypobaric chamber assessed the effects of hypoxia, hyperoxia and hypocapnia on threshold sensitivity to dim flash stimuli, enabling definition of a mesopic adaptation procedure that was independent of respiratory condition. Hyperventilation increases flicker sensitivity, so the potential for hypocapnia to lower mesopic flicker thresholds and thereby confound subsequent studies was assessed under progressive hypocapnia. Subsequent experiments examined the visual perception of 12 healthy volunteers (6 male and 6 female) under low photopic, upper mesopic and mid-mesopic viewing conditions while breathing gas mixtures to establish normoxic, mildly hypoxic or hyperoxic respiratory states. Visual parameters comprised spatial contrast sensitivity, threshold chromatic sensitivity, visual processing speed, temporal contrast sensitivity and low contrast acuity, the last incorporating assessment of pupil size at each light level and respiratory condition. Visual stimuli were display-based and comprised foveal Gaussian Gabor patch gratings; the City University Colour Assessment and Diagnosis Test; the Useful Field of View® Test; threshold Frequency Doubling Technology perimetry; and the City University Contrast Acuity Assessment Test. Breathing gases were masked from the subjects and exposure orders were balanced and randomised between males and females. In some experiments hypocapnia was induced by voluntary hyperventilation. Vision testing was conducted binocularly and monocularly where practicable. Repeated measures designs favoured initial statistical analyses using balanced Analysis of Variance followed by various parametric and non-parametric post hoc analyses. RESULTS The achievement of scotopic sensitivity during dark adaptation is oxygen dependent, being delayed progressively by worsening hypoxia but hastened by hyperoxia and hypocapnia, such that rod photoreceptors are functionally hypoxic, in the dark, under normal respiratory conditions. Mesopic flicker sensitivity is highly correlated with the severity of hypocapnia but the magnitude of the effect is slight and unlikely to be meaningful. At the fovea, spatial contrast sensitivity is resistant to respiratory disturbance but threshold chromatic sensitivity is increasingly vulnerable to hypoxia as light level decreases in the mesopic range. Both spatial contrast sensitivity and chromatic sensitivity exhibit clear binocular summation. Mild hypoxia tends to delay visual processing speed and may be relevant to the extraction of visual information from complex scenes. Effects of hypoxia to impair and hyperoxia to enhance temporal contrast sensitivity vary with light level and retinal eccentricity but also support a progressive effect of hypoxia with decreasing mesopic luminance. Low contrast acuity is compromised by mild hypoxia at photopic and mesopic luminance but is enhanced by hyperoxia, relative to normoxia, in the mesopic range, implying further oxygen-dependent functional impairment. Mild hypoxia consistently induces pupillary miosis in the low photopic to mid-mesopic range. CONCLUSIONS Mild hypoxia compromises numerous visual attributes and its effects may be promoted by endogenous, rod-driven, outer retinal hypoxia with decreasing mesopic luminance. In dim light hyperoxia enhances some aspects of visual sensitivity relative to performance breathing air, implying oxygen-limited functional impairment under normal respiratory conditions, presumably due to increasing rod oxygen consumption in dim light. These effects have implications for the use by aircrew of supplementary oxygen at modest altitudes. Hypocapnia enhances visual sensitivity but is unlikely to be meaningful except, perhaps, in the scotopic range. The outer retina is functionally hypoxic in the mesopic range under normal respiratory conditions and this may have implications for the aetiology of retinal pathology. Effects of respiratory disturbance on pupil size warrant further consideration