Architectural Term: Self – Similarity

Architecture, as one of the oldest areas of human activity, describes several categories that seem to be effective today: firmitas, utilities, venustas. But on the other hand, almost every period re-examines and reinterprets these terms. What is happening today? Are there old provisions still? Can we create new ones or expand, modify or re-create them? This paper evaluates the term of the architectural theme to contribute to the creation of a kind of critical vocabulary of contemporary architecture in the context of understanding architectural thought. Different ways of understanding/interpreting an architectural term can lead us to a new and different way of understanding and comprehending architecture itself in a modern changing world. This paper considers the relationship between fractal geometry and architecture as they respond to complexity and order, through the architectural term “self-similarity”

Lifestyle as Habitat of Tomorrow Coexisting Models of Housing in the City

Living in a time of uncertain future, the home is in a constant process of re-thinking; from pluralization and individualization in the society and discontinuation with historical models, to social and spatial mobility, rational choice and availability of resources, leisure time and changing socio-demographic characteristics and the buildup of social fragmentation, there is a need for a re-qualification of the home as a way of identification. The term lifestyle, way of life or style of life in the contemporary society is often used in mainstream culture, media and marketing, but the term has a long theoretical background in early social research. From the individual psychology research of Alfred Adler’s style of life, through Pierre Bourdieu’s hierarchical models, lifestyles constitute the entirety of the actions of man in given conditions of the context. Can lifestyles emerge from the static and dynamic processes of social stratification, or can they transform their properties in the contemporary society of globalization? The research of the social structure (the way of life) and the material structure (architecture) of chosen areas of the city of Skopje in which we can find the idea of collective form, from the traditional Novo maalo neighborhood and living in the house, the courtyard and the street, to the community living in the atrium building of the Railway workers, the vertical dwellings on the bank of the river Vardar, emerging from the horizontal structure of the open and transit City Trading Center, to the small ring of the center of the city defined by the blocks and towers of the City Wall. The research is carried through 182 questionnaires of inhabitants in these areas, operationalizing lifestyles in empirical research. Can lifestyle become an analytical and in the same time generative tool for the future habitat models

The House of the Dusper Family in the Kraljeva Sutjeska near Kakanj (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Bosnia and Herzegovina is in many ways a special, complex and controversial geographical, geopolitical and social space. As a state, it is home to „three constituent peoples“ and „other“ citizens. As such, it had a tumultuous history, with magnificent examples of coexistence, humanity and respect for its peoples, cultures and religions, as well as examples of expressing cruelty to one another. Kraljeva Sutjeska is a relatively small town near Kakanj whose historical importance for the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its location in central Bosnia, in the gentle plain that emerges from the rocky strait („sutjeska“) of the Trstivnica river, was the ideal natural place for the development of the city („suburb“) of the medieval rulers of Bosnia, that is, the royal residence (Banski dvor-Curia bani) of bans/kings from the Kotromanić house. In addition, Bobovac is located northeast (3.5 km by air), as a fortified royal city. Franciscan monastery in Kraljeva Sutjeska with the church of st. John the Baptist (erected in the early 14th century) and the mosque of Sultan Mehmed II El Fatih (erected in 1463) are the two most significant public sites and cultural-historical monuments that, in architectural terms, follow the patterns of two great civilizations - Christianity and Islam. The house of the croatian Dusper family in Kraljeva Sutjeska is a private residential building which, as such, is not the result of religious-cultural canons but an example of the genesis of architectural content, which at the same time, in its development, receives many different influences: building-architectural, religious, cultural, artistic ... The observer from the side (and especially by getting acquainted with the development of her spatial plan, interior decoration and individual elements of the equipment), depending on his culture, religious affiliation (...), will see a croatian-catholic house in the Dusper family house, and others - bosnian house-chardaklia or oriental type town house in Bosnia and Herzegovina. For this reason, the Dusper family house in Kraljeva Sutjeska is an invaluable architectural and cultural content, both for bosnian croats and for Bosnia and Herzegovina (which best represents its cultural complexity) and for architecture and culture on a global scale

Bosnian Cardaklia House: The Osmic Family's House in Mala Brijesnica near Gracanica

The Osmic familyʹs house in Mala Brijesnica near Gracanica is located on flat terrain, on a slope with southwestern exposure. The house was built by Mr. Redzo Osmic in 1920-1926 years. The house is one of the most preserved examples of the authentic bosnian chardaklia house in Gracanica, but also in Bosnia and Herzegovina as a whole. The Osmic familyʹs house in Mala Brijesnica near Gracanica, according to the disposition of their horizontal plans, belongs to the type of three-tracs bosnian chardaklia house, which was developed through the basement, ground floor and first floor in a vertical slab. The dispositions of the horizontal plans of the house are designed in such a way that the house can be divided both horizontally and vertically into more autonomous housing units, which is one of the specifics of the Bosnian chardaklia house. According to its spatial concept, construction and materialization, and securing the cryptoclimate of space, the Osmic family house is an example of traditional bioclimatic architecture in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Analysis of the methods for projection of spaces for good manufacturing practice

BACKGROUND: In this Paper we will present the evolution of the best practice for biobanks, the technical and medical standards for collecting, processing and storing, as well as the socio-economic standards for biobank management. AIM: The aim of this Thesis is to analyse and to present the methods for projection of spaces for good manufacturing practice. METHODS: The European Union has adopted guidelines for good manufacturing practice which define the   requirements for manufacturing of sterile products. In the following text we will describe the details for determining microbiological cleanliness and cleanliness of the particles in the air, on the surfaces, etc. RESULTS: The length of time between the collecting of blood or tissues could affect the final result. The preparation of sterile products requires special conditions, in order the risk of microbiological contamination and certain pyrogenic contaminations to be minimized. We make difference between four levels of guidelines for good manufacturing practice, which in this Paper are taken from the practice of the European Union. Level A is local zone with high-risk procedures, e.g. filling, closing of bottles, opening of ampoules and bottles and making septic connections. Level B is aseptic preparation and filling of the samples. Level C and D are the clean spaces for less critical procedures for preparation of sterile products. CONCLUSION: Technical standards, medical standards, socio-economic standards for biobank management, informatics practices for biobanks, economic recommendations for biobanks have been established, as well as a quality of biobanks has been provided

Architecture from South East Europe in the Scopus Database (1962 - 2015)

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse current scientific impact of published papers about architecture from South East Europe in the Scopus database (1962-2015).Material and Methods: Document search of the Scopus database was performed on October 13, 2015 about architecture in the Scopus Database (1962-2015). A total number of 572,489 documents worldwide were identified with “architecture†in the title, abstract or keywords. By limitation to South East European countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Kosovo, Moldova, Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Turkey, and Italy) only 42,356 documents were separated (7.4% of all documents). Selected documents were analyzed by year, source, author, country/territory, document type, and subject area.Results: From the total number of 572,489 documents worldwide, only 42,356 documents or 7.4% of all documents were defined as regional from the South East Europe. The biggest number of published papers was published in Proceedings of SPIE the International Society of Optical Engineering. Top three authors were: Benini L, Sciuto D, and Soudris D. Authors affiliated to Politecnico di Milano published the biggest number of papers about architecture. The waist of papers in the period of 1962 to 2015 from architecture in the Scopus Database was published by the authors from Italy, Greece, United States, and Turkey. Half of the published papers were conference paper. Computer Science was the most often subject with 45.9% of all papers, engineering was on the second place with 43.7%, and mathematics with 11.6%.Conclusion: Authors and officials of the academic institutions in South East European countries, dealing with architecture, should prepare more scientific papers in academic journals which are indexed in Scopus database

Similarities and differences in terms of the geometry used in De Stijl and Bauhaus product designs

As a fundamental science of forms and their order, geometry contributes to the process of composing and designing of products. Geometry is able to make a contribution to these processes by dealing with the geometric figures and forms as design elements as well as the relations between them. Finding the general principles of successfully combining those elements was a research aim of many designers, such as those in the modernist era. Influencing the industrial design in a revolutionary way, the Modernism became significant artistic movement of the 20th century, thus giving us the most iconic and timeless product designs. In this scientific paper, the relationship between geometry and design in the Modernism is described and explored through examples, with emphasis placed on De Stijl and Bauhaus products. Direct comparison is applied, focusing on the similarities and differences in the products’ geometry. Learning about the geometry and how it relates to the designs is not to be used as a substitute for the creative process, but rather as a means of obtaining a deeper understanding of it.&nbsp

Umoljani Village on Bjelasnica: Life in the Way of Sustainability

Bjelasnica Mountain occupies a central place in the geographical area of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Due to this fact, its altitude (2067 m), it is the border between Bosnia, on the one hand, and Herzegovina, on the other, and the border between the changed mediterranean and continental climates (while Bjelasnica itself has a mountainous to alpine climate). Due to these natural inputs, Bjelasnica is a „rain and snow catcher“, and because of its geological structure (mostly limestone), it is also the largest reservoir of water in B&H. That is why Bjelasnica is considered to be the „mother of B&H“, since at its base there are springs of two of the most important rivers in B&H (Bosnia and Neretva), and on its own (plateau of Bjelasnica) a large number of springs, watercourses, permanent lakes and bars. Natural conditions have been a magnet for inhabiting the Bjelasnica plateau, from prehistory to the present. Due to its specific natural values, in a combination of favorable social environment, Bjelasnica (with Jahorina, Trebevic and the city of Sarajevo itself) hosted the 14th Winter Olympic Games (1984) and subsequently hosted several FIS-races. The Umoljani village (geographical coordinates: 43° 40' 12.81'' N, 18° 13' 41.39'' E, about 1333 meters above sea level) is located on the southern slope of Bjelasnica mountain, in a gentle plain. The village belongs to the municipality of Trnovo (it is about 16.3 km away from Trnovo by air, 23 km from Sarajevo). Due to the abundance of natural resources (water, arable land, meadows, pastures, forests), the area of the Umoljani is constantly inhabited, from prehistory to the present. The presence of people in this area is evidenced by many cultural and historical monuments: antique hillforts, medieval necropolis of tombstones (stećci), remains of a medieval church, necropolis from the ottoman conquest and one of the oldest mosques in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Until the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1991-1995), the village lived in a more or less traditional way, within its traditional physical structure. During the war the village was flooded and its population was exiled. After the war, the village was quickly rebuilt, but in the changed socio-economic circumstances, and with architectural structures that in all respects reflect modern life. It is of the importance that the katun settlement (Gradina) above the village with traditional architectural objects is preserved, as a picture of the former Umoljani village. The Umoljani village is an exemplary study of the metamorphosis of settlements (driven by the changing social environment), in the rich natural environment where they continue to live, partly in the traditional way, and partly in the modern way, that is, in the way of sustainability